CARBON en el medio ambiente y suelo.pptx

Información detallada del carbón y sus características

1. Carbon, its atomic structures and compounds

2. All living things contain carbon compounds. These include carbohydrates, proteins, fats among others. Petrol, oil and wood are carbon compounds. Carbon is incorporated in plants from carbon(IV) oxide during photosynthesis. Carbon is a non-metal which occurs naturally as a free element or in its combined state as in carbonates and hydrogen carbonates. In the periodic table of elements, carbon appears in the second period of group 4 elements with atomic number 6.

3. Carbon exists in two allotropic forms namely Graphite and Diamond. Work to do! 1. Research on how the carbon atoms in graphite are joined together within the structure. 2. Which are the forces joining these carbon atoms together?

4. A carbon atom has four valence electrons. In graphite, each carbon atom is bonded to three other carbon atoms using the covalent bonds. This means that, only three of the four valence electrons takes part in bonding leaving one non-bonding electron in each carbon atom. Within the structure, there are so many delocalized electrons. This explains why, graphite conducts electricity. The interactions of the carbon atoms covalently bonded forms a network of hexagonal layers. In addition, these hexagonal layers are held together to one another by a weak force of attraction called the Van der Waal force making them slide over each other. For this reason, graphite tends to have a slippery feeling, soft and slippery, graphite can be used as a lubricant or in pencil leads. The arrangement of carbon atoms in graphite forms a giant atomic structure in which carbon atoms are joined together by strong covalent bonds. Graphite has a density of 2.7g/cm3 and boils at 4,830 o C

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