cardiac cycle correlation hhjkkhh new.pptx

Cardiac cye

1. CARDIAC CYCLE - 2 DR. POOJA J A KHAR

2. JUGULAR VENOUS PRESSURE Indirectly measures pressure in RIGHT ATRIUM PRESSURE: RIGHT ATRIUM ↑= JVP ↑ CAUSES - HEART FAILURE FALUID OVERLOAD CONSTRICTIVE PERICARDIUM CARDIAC TAMPONADE

3. ABNORMALTIES OF JVP WAVEFORM ABSENT A WAVE: AF (ATRIA IS NOT CONTRACRING) LARGE A WAVES: ATRIA CONTTRACTING AGAINT GREAT FORCE/RESISTANCE. EG: RVH, PAH, PS, TS LARGE V WAVE: TR

4. LEFT VENTRICLE PRESSURE CURVE ALL VALVES ARE CLOSED

5. VENTRICULAR PRESSURE AT LOWER SIDE

6. VENTRICLE CONTRACT AS CLOSED CHAMBERS PRODUCING SHARP RISE IN PRESSURE

7. AORTIC VALVE OPENS

8. RAPID EJECTION OF BLOOD PRESSURE KEEP RISNING AND REACH A MAXIMUM LEVEL MAXIUM PRESSURE LEFT VENTRICLE achieve IS 120MMHG

9. THEN EJECTION FALLS DOWN AND PRSSURE KEEP DECREASING

10. THEN AORTIC VALVE CLOSES

11. DIASTOLE BEGAINS DURING DIASTOLE PRESSURE FIRST FALL AND GRADUALLY START RISING AND NEXT CYCLE BEGAINS

12. AORTIC PRESSURE CURVE At begging of ventricular systole pressure in Aorta is about 80mmHg. At end of IVC aortic valve open

13. Ventricle push blood in AORTA

14. With continued ejection of blood in Aorta pressure keep on increasing more than LV pressures

15. Even at Ao . Pr. >> LV Pr. , Aortic valve is not closing because of inertia of blood flow Ventricular pumping has imparted considerable kinetic energy to blood and this forward moving blood doesn’t allow valves to close for a while

16. Eventually ejection get slower pr and volume in LV get ↓

17. Aortic pr >> LV pr BF from Aor.  LV

18. Leading to closure of Aortic valve

19. Again blood flows in forward direction causing Dicrotic notch

20. In diastole blood continuously flow in forward direction causing decreasing in pressure up to 80mmHg. Even diastolic pr. Is high in aorta because of elastic recoil of aortic wall. This is helpful to keep moving blood flowing forward in diastole

21. PRESSURE CURVE IN PULMONARY ARTERY Similar to aortic pressure curve but value of pressure is low Min. 7mmHg Max. 25mmHg

22. SUMMARY Beginning of VS  Aor. Pr. ~80mmHg at lower side  Opening of AV  ejection of blood  ↑in Aor. Pr. Even exceeding LV pr.  Inertia of blood flow keeps AV open  with decreased ejection  Pr. Keeps on falling  AV close reversal of BF causes Dicrotic notch  during diastole blood is moving forward leading to gradual ↓ in Pr.  Next cycle began with next systole

23. VENTRICULAR VOLUME CHANGES DURING CARDIAC CYCLE VENTRICULAR SYSTOLE IVC: All valves are closed  volume constant (120ml)

24. SL VALVE OPEN  RAPID EJECTION  RAPID FALL IN VOLUMEN

25. EJECTION GET SLOWER  SLOW FALL IN VOLMEN

26. VENTRICULAR DIASTOLE SL CLOSE  IVR  VOLUMEN CONTANT (50ML)

27. OPENING OF AV VALVE  RAID FILLING OF VENTRICLE

28. SLOW FILLING OF VENTRICLE (DIASTASIS)

29. ATRIA CONTRACT  THIS PUMPING  ↑↑ RAPID EMPTYING OF ATRIA  CAUSING INCREASE IN VNTRICEL VOLUMEN (120ML) CLOSURE OF AV VALVE  END OF DIASTOLE

30. IMPORTANT PARAMETERS REGARDING VENTRICULAR VOLLUMEN EDV ESV SV EF

31. EDV: VOLUMEN OF BLOOD IN VENTRICEL AT END OF DIASTOLE ~120ML (NORMAL IN EACH VENTRICLE) MAXIMUM VOLUMEN VENTRICLE ACHIEVES

32. ESV: VOLUMEN OF BLOOD LEFT IN VENTRICLE AT END OF SYSTOLE . NORMALY IT IS ~ 50ML IN EACH VENTRICLE MINIMUM AOUNT OF BLOOD LEFT IN VENTRICLE

33. STROKE VOLUME: VOLUMEN OF BLOOD PUMPED BY EACH VENTRICLE IN EACH SYSTOLE SV= EDV-ESV = 120-50 = 70ML/BEAT

34. EF: FRACTION OF EDV THAT IS EJECTED PER HEART BEAT OUT OF 120ML WHAT FRACTION HEART IS PUMPING NR. 60% (~72ML/BEAT)