cardiopulmonary resucitation in children

CPR for children and hemlich maneuver

1. Pediatric Basic Life Support
(Cardio Pulmonary
Resuscitation)

2. CPR
DEFINITION:-
It is an emergency lifesaving procedure that is done when
someone's breathing or heartbeat has stopped.
Permanentbraindamageordeathcanoccurwithinminutesifbloodflowstops.
Therefore,itisveryimportantthatbloodflowandbreathingbecontinueduntil
trainedmedicalhelparrives.

3. Causes of Cardiopulmonary Arrest
Allergic reactions.
Asphyxia.
Choking.
Drowning.
Drug reactions or overdoses.
Electric shock.

4. Key Actions in Pediatric BLS
1.Verifyscenesafety
2.Determineunresponsiveness,
gethelp,andactivate
emergencymedicalservices
(EMS)
3.Assessbreathingandbrachial
pulse
4.Initiatecardiopulmonary
resuscitation(CPR)
Pedia BLS ---rbt2016---

5. 1-Verify Scene Safety
-Ensure that the scene is safe for the
rescuers and the victim
-e.g. removing the victim from a
burning building.
Pedia BLS ---rbt2016---

6. 2. Determine responsiveness
-ByTapandshout,“Areyouokay?”
-Ifvictimisunresponsive,singlerescuershouldshoutfornearby
help.
-Gethelp,andactivateemergencymedicalservices(EMS)
-Fortwoormorerescuers,onerescuercontinuescareforthe
victimandasecondrescueractivatesEMS.
Pedia BLS ---rbt2016---

7. 3. Assess breathing and
pulse
-Rescuershoulddetermineifthevictimisbreathingorgasping
whilesimultaneouslycheckingforapulse.
Pedia BLS ---rbt2016---

8. 3.1 Check pulse
-Assess the brachial pulse of infant.
-Assess the carotid pulse of children.
-checking for a pulse within 10 seconds
-If there is no heartbeat, the rescuer start cardiopulmonary
resuscitation

11. CPR
CompressionAirway Opening Rescue Breaths
Pedia BLS ---rbt2016---

12. C. Chest compression
-In newborn , hand encircling technique (thumb
technique)
-In infant, two finger technique
-In young child, one hand technique
-In older children, two hands technique

13. Chest compressions
For small chests with
thumbs overlapped

14. Chest compressions
2-finger technique

15. Put the heel of one hand between the
nipples on the breastbone
Chest compressions should be performed
over the lower half of the sternum
C. Chest compression

16. Chest Compressions
Proper technique when performing chest compression
-Full chest recoil
-Chest compressions should be performed over the lower half
of the sternum.
-Compression of the xiphoid process can cause trauma to the
liver, spleen, or stomach, and must be avoided.
Pedia BLS ---rbt2016---

17. The effectiveness of compressions can be
maximized by attention to the following
The chest should be depressed at least one-third of its anterior-
posterior diameter with each compression:
-approximately 4 cm [1.5 inches] in most infants
-5 cm [2 inches] in most children
-Compressions in adolescents should attain the recommended adult
depth of 5 to 6 cm, but should not exceed 6 cm (2.4 inches).
The optimum rate of compressions is approximately 100 to 120 per
minute.
Each compression and decompression phase should be of equal
duration.
Pedia BLS ---rbt2016---

18. Opening the Airway
Mouth opening by
Head Tilt/Chin Lift
Jaw Thrust if suspect spinal injury
Clear the airway
Maintain patent airway

19. Head tilt chin lift

21. Breathing
Ventilation
-If the child is not breathing:
-can be provided with mouth-
to-mouth, mouth-to-nose, or
with a bag and mask.
-Seal the mouth with your
mouth. Pinch the nose.
Pedia BLS ---rbt2016---

23. Ventilation must be provided as
follow
-delivered over 1 second.
-sufficient to see the chest wall rise.
-A child with a pulse ≥60 bpm who is not breathing
should receive 1 breath every 3 to 5 seconds (12 to 20 breaths
per minute).
-Infants and children who require chest compressions should
receive 2 breaths per 30 chest compressions for a lone rescuer
-2 breaths per 15 chest compressions for two or more rescuers.
Pedia BLS ---rbt2016---

24. Breathing
If the chest does not rise, reposition the head and try
2 more breaths
If the chest still does not rise, the airway is blocked.
Each time you open the airway to give breaths, look
in the mouth.
If you see something, remove it.

25. The rescuer checks again for breathing after 2 min by
look, listen & feel.
Put your ear next to the nose and mouth.
•Look to see if chest rises.
•Listen for breaths.
•Feel for breaths on your cheek.