CARDIOVASCLAR------SYSTEM------ISHU.pptx

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1. Cardiovascular System SUBMITTED BY :-ISHU GAUTAM REG NO :-GU-2023-0226 SEMESTER :-2 SUBMITTED TO :-ADNAN DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL RADIOLOGY& IMAGING TECHNOLOGY

2. CONTENTS

3. Cardiovascular System •Also known as circulatory system •Consists of: the heart, arteries, veins, capillaries

4. Functions of the cardio vascular system: •Distribution of oxygen and nutrients to all the body parts • Transportation of CO2 and metabolic waste products from tissues to lungs and other excretory organs •Distribution of water electrolytes and hormones through out the body •Part of immune system •Thermoregulatlon

5. Heart • Blood pumped through the muscular organ called heart •It is composed of strong cardiac muscle tissue •Shows rhythmic contraction and relaxation •Due to this blood pumped to the entire body along with nutrients and oxygen

6. ANATOMY OF HEART : •Heart is a muscular organ •Size is about closed fist •Average weight -female - 250-300gms, Male - 300-350gms • Average human heart beats 70-72 times per minute

7. •Situated in the thoracic cavity - in the mediastinum space, just above the diaphragm •Present at the level of thoracic vertebrae T5-T8 •Present in the midline just tilted towards the left •It is a rounded cone shaped structure

8. Walls of the Heart •Pericardium - loose fitting sac surrounding the heart •EPICARDIUM •MYOCARDIUM •ENDOCARDIUM

9. Epicardium : outer layer of heart Consist of 2 layers -Fibrous pericardium - tough, loose­fitting, inelastic -Serous pericardium •Parietal layer: lines the inside of the fibrous pericardium • Visceral layer: adheres to outside of the heart

10. -Pericardial space: between parietal and visceral layer •Filled with 10-15mL of pericardia! fluid •Decreases friction

11. Myocardium : •It is the thickest layer •contractile layer composed of cardiac muscle cells •Cardiac muscle is striated, involuntary, and branched •Heart contracts by contraction of myocardial membrane

12. Endocardium : - inner most and third layer of heart wall -Consist thin layer of specialized epithelial tissue (Endothelium) -Covers iMer layers of heart and provides smooth flow of blood inside the heart

13. Chambers of the Heart •Heart is a hollow chamber •Divided in to 4 different chambers Atria - two superior chambers -Receiving chambers -Thin walled low pressure chambers - Blood from superior vena cava & Inferior vena cava enters atria

14. Ventricles - two inferior chambers - pumping chambers· -Thick walled high pressure chamber -Thick muscular walls to increase force of pumping action -Left & right venticles Separated by interventricular septum

15. Conduction system of the heart -It include 6 chambers •SINOATRIL (SA) NODE •INTERNODAL PATHWAYS •ATRIOVENTRICULAAR (AV) NODE

16. •BUNDLE OF HIS •BUNDLE BRANCHES •PURKINJ'IE FIBRES

17. REFRENCES GOOGLE CHATGTP YOUTUDE ARPIT JAMWAL AUR BECHWALA

18. THANK YOU