Career guidance for career choices for School Students

This slide share highlights importance of career guidance. Main points are given which must be kept in mind while choosing streams and careers. Different career options for school students are highlighted.

1. Dr. Harpal Kaur Aujla (Associate Professor) Akal College of Education Mastuana Sahib

2. Career guidance is the guidance given to individuals to help them acquire the knowledge , information, skills, and experience necessary to identify career options, and narrow them down to make one career decision. This career decision then results in their social, financial and emotional well-being throughout.

3. Consider your individual interests and strengths for different subjects.  Choose a stream that aligns with your passions and abilities. If you enjoy a particular subject and perform well in it, it may indicate a suitable stream for you.

4. While choosing the right stream, try to understand your ability and capability of dominating the subjects. Be passionate about your choices and do not ever get pressurized by society and its surroundings. Identify your limitations and make sure that one big step can damage your career in the future.

5. Be confident in yourself and choose the right stream for your educational life.  

6. Subjects you would like to continue Subjects you would like to discontinue and Subjects you are confused or unsure of Subjects of your interest For subjects you are confused about, you should ask yourself questions like: Do I really like Mathematics? Am I good at it and could I be better if I had the right guidance and coaching?  Am I willing to spend time practicing Math, to improve my grades in class 11? Choose Subject that you can get Success Make sure to choose the subjects that can give you strong feedback. If you want to get success then you can easily get from any stream if you work hard for it. You need to be capable of choosing the right stream for you. Make sure to choose the subject that you are mentally prepared to solve based on your aptitude.

7. Get in touch with your inner self-confidence There are so many ways to get success. Such as by getting tricks and tips, by hard-working, by good advice from a mentor, best learning methods, and many more. However, the prime thing is your self-confidence. See if you are mentally prepared to get over the subject or not. Get connected with your emotional part and make sure to work hard to get success.

8. Consult a career counsellor There may be a notion that you need career counselling only after college. However, a career counsellor can also help you decide what to choose after the 10th. Based on your aptitude, strengths, interests, weaknesses and some psychometric tools, the expert will suggest your most suitable career paths and the stream you need to choose to land that dream career. Effective career counselling can do wonders.  

9. Assess your aptitude Besides interest, your aptitude in the subjects also plays a crucial role in your performance in the stream you choose and, eventually, in your college education and career. You can assess your aptitude in many ways: your performance in the assessments conducted in school, taking up aptitude tests and olympiads to bear stock of your conceptual understanding. It would help you make an informed decision about your stream. 

10. Find out your weaknesses First, you need to understand that your weaknesses are NOT necessarily an obstacle to choosing your favourite stream. It would help if you looked at areas you need to improve and develop them into strengths. It also enables you to understand why these weaknesses hold you back and how to work around them, where you need to put in some extra effort and achieve expected learning outcomes. 

11. Think about the long-term goals and the career path you look forward.

12. A student learns languages, basics of social sciences and mathematics till their 10th. By the time they complete their 10th, they may know their interests, strengths and weaknesses. Parents, teachers and guidance counsellors may also guide students about what course is good for them. You can pursue the following courses after Class 10: 1. Diplomas Diplomas are short-term courses conducted by educational institutions and polytechnic colleges. If you have studied mathematics and science in classes nine and 10, you can write an entrance exam and join a diploma course in a polytechnic college in your state. A diploma is a three-year course designed for students of 10th or 10+2. Once you complete your diploma, you can either take up a job or get admission for the second year directly through lateral entry in a BTech or BE course. You can find a list of all government polytechnic colleges across the country.

13. Diploma in Architectural Assistantship Diploma in Automobile Engineering Diploma in Chemical Engineering Diploma in Civil Engineering Diploma in Computer engineering Diploma in Computer Science and Engineering Diploma in Electrical Engineering Diploma in Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering Diploma in Fashion Design Diploma in Food Technology Diploma in Garment Technology Diploma in Information Technology Diploma in Instrumentation Technology Diploma in Interior Design and Decoration Diploma in Leather Technology Diploma in Library and Information Sciences Diploma in Mechanical Engineering Diploma in Marine Engineering Diploma in Medical Laboratory Technology Diploma in Plastic Technology Diploma in Production and Industrial Engineering Diploma in Textile Design Diploma in Textile Processing Diploma in Textile Technology (Spinning)

14. ITI courses State and central governments have set up Industrial Training Institutes (ITI) to impart training in various technical skills from different engineering and non-engineering sectors. Since these courses help students secure jobs or become self-employed, they are known as vocational courses. ITI courses are open to students of classes eight, 10 and 10+2. The duration of the course can be one or two years. ITI also offers apprenticeships to help students gain practical experience in their skills. Some popular ITI courses you can consider after 10th are:

15. Horticulture Hospital Housekeeping Human Resource Executive Leather Goods Maker Litho Offset Machine Minder Marketing Executive Multimedia Animation and Special Effects Office Assistant and Computer Operator Photographer Platemaker and Impostor Preservation of Fruits and Vegetables Process Cameraman Secretarial Practice (English) Stenographer and Secretarial Assistant (English) Laboratory Equipment Technician Architectural Draughtsmanship Resource Person Dairying Fitter Electrician Surveyor IT Technician Tool and Diemaker Draughtsman (mechanical) Diesel Mechanic Draughtsman (civil) Pump Operator Motor Driving and Mechanic Turner Footwear Making Information Technology and Electronics System Maintenance (ESM) Machinist Hair and Skin Care Refrigeration  Engineer Fruit and Vegetable Processing Mech. Instrument Engineer Drawing /Mathematics

16. Bleaching Dyeing and Calico Printing Vessel Navigator Weaving Technician Fireman Cabin or Room Attendant Computer-Aided Embroidery and Designing Corporate Housekeeping Counselling Crèche Management Driver and Mechanic (Light Motor Vehicle) Data Entry Operator Domestic Housekeeping Event Management Assistant Front  Office Assistant Hospital Waste Management Institution Housekeeping Insurance Agent Library and Information Science Medical Transcription Network Technician Old Age Care Assistant Para Legal Assistant or Munshi Preparatory School Management (Assistant) Spa Therapy Tourist Guide Baker and Confectioner Web Designing and Computer Graphics Cane Willow and Bamboo Worker Catering and Hospitality Assistant Computer Operator  and Programming Assistant Craftsman Food Production (General) Craftsman Food Production (Vegetarian) Cutting and Sewing Desktop Publishing Operator Dress Making Surface Ornamentation Techniques (Embroidery) Fashion Design and Technology Finance Executive Fire Technology Floriculture and Landscaping Basic Cosmetology Health Safety and Environment Health Sanitary Inspector

17. Computer Operator and Programming Assistant Mechanic Computer Hardware and Network Maintenance Carpenter Advanced machine tools Dress making Driver cum Mechanic Electrician Fitter Physiotherapy Technician Welder Desktop Publishing Operator Machinist Marketing Executive Mason Plastic Processing Operator Radiology Technician Spa therapy and cosmetology Dairying Health Sanitary Inspector Horticulture Mechanic Tractor Plumber trade Vessel INVESTIGATOR ITI COURSES AVAILABLE IN PUNJAB

18. Certificate courses Certificate courses are short-term courses that last two, three or six months. Certificate courses usually focus on one specific skill. For example, certificate courses that teach cooking, baking, photography, event management, beauty and makeup, MS-Office and stock trading are very popular. These courses help develop skills that can help students set up a business on their own. Some certificate courses equip students with skills like computer hardware maintenance, mobile repairing and graphic design that make them employable in big companies. Some useful certificate courses for students after 10th are:

19. Food Processor Technician Cardiac Care Technician Chilling Plant Technician Home Health Aide Training Tourist Guide Training Plumbing Carpentry Masonry Bar Bender Tractor Mechanic Car Mechanic Data Operator Greenhouse Fitter Set-top Box Technician Beauty and Makeup Bookkeeping Poultry Farming

20. Government jobs For many central and state government job openings, Class 10 is the required educational criteria. Government jobs offer job security, steady pay, allowances and perks. Many government jobs do not require  work experience . For some posts, there may be a minimum age requirement of 18. While some posts call for written exams, some jobs need you to clear an interview. Major employers in the government sector include defence , police, railways, India Post, public sector undertakings and infrastructure development initiatives. Some career options after 10th that are most sought after are:

21. Railways Indian Railways provide Group C and D jobs for people who have completed 10th and are between 18 and 33 years of age. Indian Railways is the world's largest commercial employer. They require lakhs of employees every year. Some career options after 10th in Indian Railways are: Fitter Helper Cabin man Porter Shunter Switchman Trackman Welder Constable Apprentice

22. Defence and paramilitary forces The Army, Navy, Air Force and seven paramilitary forces recruit candidates who have passed 10th for entry-level jobs with seventh pay commission salaries. ITI diplomas or apprenticeship certificates may be eligible criteria for some of these posts. If you are interested in serving as a soldier after your 10th, you can participate in the recruitment rallies for soldier (general duty) jobs. The Indian Army recruits candidates based on physical standards and other medical tests. Other career options after Class 10 in the defence are: Gardeners Electricians Cooks Washermen Engine fitters Welders Machinists Watchmen Peons Messengers Sweepers Mechanics ITI workers Tradesmen Constables

23. Staff Selection Commission (SSC) Staff Selection Commission recruits 10th standard students once they clear an exam SSC CHSL (Combined Matriculation/Higher Secondary Level). SSC recruits them for various central government departments and ministries across India. Some career options after 10th Class in central government jobs are: Gardener Peon Watchman Junior gestetner operator Office attendant Data entry operator Field attendant Canteen attendant Receptionist Telephone operator Mason Electrician Driver Work supervisor Forest guard Draughtsman

24. Other Government Sector Jobs Apart from these main sectors, there are many jobs and career options open in the banking sector and the many public sector undertakings of the government. Chief employers in PSUs are oil and gas, energy, power and electricity sectors that employ hundreds of candidates whose education qualification is 10th standard. Most government jobs also accept candidates who have completed their higher studies through distance education or from open universities. Such jobs are ideal for those who dropped out of regular school after Class 10th but studied through distance learning or open universities.

25. Private sector jobs From single-owner establishments to large conglomerates, the private sector needs employees with different skills sets and backgrounds. Since ITI and polytechnic colleges design courses for industry requirements, getting a job based on your qualification is easy in the private sector. There is scope for promotion and advancement in your career based on experience and skill.

26.  No. Course Duration in years Eligibility 1 Bachelor in Technology / Bachelor in Engineering (BE, B. Tech) 4 12th Science PCM with a high score and eligible score in the entrance exam 2 Bachelor of Science (B. Sc.) 3 10+2 with the subjects PCB or PCM 3 National Defense Services – Indian Navy or  Indian Air Force Officer 3-4 12th PCM plus entrance exam clearance (for  unmarried Indian males) 4 Bachelor of Architecture (B.Arch) 5 12th Science PCM with a high score and entrance exam score 5 Merchant Navy B.Sc. Nautical Science – 3 years BE (Marine Engineering, Harbour and Ocean Engineering, Naval Architecture, and Offshore Engineering) 4 12th Science PCM with a high score and eligible score in the entrance exam 14 Bioinformatics 3 10+2 PCB with minimum 50% marks and eligible score in the entrance exam 15 Genetics 3 10+2 with minimum 50% marks in PCB and eligible score in the entrance exam 16 Microbiology 3 10+2 with Science (minimum 55% marks) 17 Forensic Sciences 3 10+2 with Science (minimum 55% marks) 18 Biotechnology 3-4 Min. 55% marks in 12th in any three out of Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Maths or Computer Science subjects 19 Nursing 4 10+2 with PCB as compulsory subjects

27. 6 Railway Apprentice Exam 4 12th Science PCM with at least 60% marks 7 Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) 5.5 10+2 with PCB with at least 50% marks and eligible score in the entrance exam 8 Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) 4 10+2 with PCB with at least 50% marks and eligible score in the entrance exam 9 Bachelor of Homeopathy Medicine & Surgery (BHMS) 5.5 10+2 PCB with at least 50% marks and eligible score in the entrance exam 10 B. Pharmacy 4 10+2 PCB with 50% or above marks 11 Bachelor of Physiotherapy (BPT) 4 10+2 PCB with at least 50% marks +English as a compulsory subject

28. 12 Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine Surgery (BAMS) 5.5 10+2 PCB with at least 50% marks (40%for SC/ST) with English as a compulsory subject 13 Bachelor of Unani Medicine and Surgery (BUMS) 5.5 10+2 PCB with at least 50% marks and eligible score in the entrance exam

29. 14 Bioinformatics 3 10+2 PCB with minimum 50% marks and eligible score in the entrance exam 15 Genetics 3 10+2 with minimum 50% marks in PCB and eligible score in the entrance exam 17 Forensic Sciences 3 10+2 with Science (minimum 55% marks) 18 Biotechnology 3-4 Min. 55% marks in 12th in any three out of Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Maths or Computer Science subjects 19 Nursing 4 10+2 with PCB as compulsory subjects

30. JOBS AND CAREER OPTIONS WITH SCIENCE STREAM

31. Data Analyst Architecture Designer Interior Designer SSC-JE/AE/Station Master Software Engineer Air Force Pilot Research Analyst School Teacher Co-Pilot/Chief-Pilot Domain Expert Professor Researcher Industry Expert Design Consultants Advisors Managers Hospital Pharmacist Inventors Doctor Nurse General Dentist Ayurveda Consultation Geneticist Research Assistant Environment Journalists Microbiologist Public Health Specialist Civil Servant Indian Forest officer Medical equipment designer Radiologist Medical Management trainee

32. Career options after class 12th for Science Stream There are numerous career options after 12th science PCMB that will help you grow as a responsible member of society. The PCMB career options are not limited to Doctors and Engineers but include a host of other avenues are listed below. The list includes the most recognizable career paths, and students can always look for new avenues according to their interests.

33. S. No. Courses Duration in years Eligibility Fees 1 B. Com (General) 3 10+2 from a recognized educational board with commerce subjects INR 10,000 – 1 lac 2 B. Com (Hons.) 3 Passed 10+2 with 45% marks (aggregate) INR 10,000 – 7 lac 3 Bachelor in Business Studies 3 60% marks in aggregate in class 12th INR 60,000 – 1 lac 4 Bachelor of Business Administration 3 Must have scored 50% and above in 10+2 from a recognized board INR 1 lac < 5 Bachelor of Commerce and Bachelor of Legislative Law (B. Com LLB) 5 10+2 from a recognized educational board with commerce subjects INR 2 lac – 12 lac 6 Bachelor of Management Studies 3 10+2 from a recognized educational board with commerce subjects INR 30,000 – 6 lac 7 Company Secretary 3-5 Passed Class 12 in any discipline (except Fine Arts) from a recognized university or equivalent. Around INR 60,000 8 Chartered Accountancy 5 Class 12th with at least 50% marks (aggregate) 55,500 9 Certified Financial Planner   10+2 from a recognized educational board with commerce subjects    

34. Accountant Chartered Accountant Financial Manager Business Manager Marketing Manager Sales Manager Commercial Banker Retail Banker Cost and Work Accountancy (CWA) Insurance & Banking service Business Accounting and Taxation Fund Managers Market Analysts Legal Advisor Corporate Lawyer Public Prosecutor Legal Manager Attorney Legal Service Chief Law reporter Law writer Legal Aid Domain expert Risk manager Solicitor Teacher or lecturer Social Worker Legal Commentator Document drafting lawyer Public Prosecutor Judge Administration Enterprise management HR management Sales and marketing Business Consultancies Financial management Business Development Manager Professor/Teacher Business Consultants Businesses lawyer Company Secretary Company Registrar Corporate Planner  Principle Secretary Administrative Assistant Investor Capital Market Relations Member of Board of Directors Corporate Policymaker Chief Financial Officer Financial Controller Business Services Accountant Tax Accountant Cost Accountants Accounts Clerk  

35. 1 Bachelor of Arts (BA) 3 10+2 from a recognized educational board or pre-university colleges from a recognized board INR 10,000 – 30,000 2 Bachelor of Arts & Bachelor of Legislative Law (BA_LLB) 5 Passed 12th or equivalent exam from a recognized board with a minimum of 50% aggregate marks. The criteria may change according to universities INR 5,000-10 lac 3 Bachelor of hotel management (BHM) 3 10 + 2 from a recognized educational board INR 1 Lac to 5 Lac 4 Bachelor of computer application (BCA) 3 10+2 from a recognized board with the required percentage in required subjects. INR 25,000 – 6 lac 5 Bachelor of Journalism & Mass Communication (BJMC) 3 10+2 from a recognized educational board with minimum 50-60% marks + minimum 17 years in age INR 50,000 – 6 lac

36. 6 Bachelor of Elementary Education (B.El.Ed) 4 10+2 from a recognized board INR 20,000 – 1.5 lac 7 Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA) 3 10+2 Arts from a recognized educational board with minimum of 50-60% marks 5,000 – 2 lac 8 Fashion Designing 3-4 10+2 from a recognized educational board INR 1 lac – 8 lac 9 Bachelors of Social Work (BSW) 3 10+2 from a recognized educational board INR 7,000 – 1 lac 10 Bachelor of Performing Arts (BPA) 3-4 10+2 from a recognized educational board and elementary knowledge of the art form INR 5,000 – 1 lac 12 Bachelor of Travel and Tourism Management (BTTM) 4 10+2 from a recognized educational board INR 10,000 – 2.5 lac 13 Bachelor of Event Management (BEM) 3 10 + 2 with a minimum of 50 percent marks with Commerce / Mathematics as primary subjects. INR 4 lac – 5 lac

37. Fashion Designer Graphic Designer UI/UX Designer Textile Designer Product Designer Industrial Designer Art Director Public Relations Executives Promotion Managers Marketing Executives Brand Development Managers Design Managers Corporate event manager Conference manager Event marketing manager Wedding planner Resort general manager Content writer Schoolteacher Researchers College and university teacher Blogger Archaeologist Artwork restorer Business manager Tour operator Hotel manager Museum manager Academic Writing and Editing Air Hostess/ Flight Attendant Political Consultant Author/ Writer Historian Psychologist Counsellor Social Worker Foreign Language Expert Risk Assessment Manager Marketing Manager Executive Assistant Lawyer Constitutional expert Legal Advisor Corporate Lawyer Customer Service Representative (CSR) Subject expert Freelancer Government Services Software Tester System Administration Junior Programmer Web Developer System Analyst System Engineer Software Developer Database Administrator Business Analyst Copy Editor Television Correspondent Photojournalist News Critic Cartoonist Art Director Animator

38. Career Options In Humanities Career options in humanities can include some of the most interesting and coveted jobs in the market. The humanities job list consists of diverse roles like: Social Worker Historian Art Director Graphics Designer Civil Servant Copywriter Travel Agent Teacher Technical Writer Human Resource Specialist Public Relations Manager Archaeologist Editor Multimedia Specialist Digital Marketing Strategist Archivist Analyst Psychologist Data Linguist Lawyer International Relations Specialist Foreign Language Expert Hospitality Professional Event Manager

39. Diploma Courses after 12th Many students prefer doing diploma courses and start their journey as a specialty while earning significant work experience to graduate school. Many students prefer these cost-effective and time-saving options as they want to earn quickly or prefer such short courses while having a break. Some diploma courses provide technical knowledge in the field of engineering. A detailed list of such courses is given below. Diploma in Fashion Designing – 1 year Diploma in Computer Application – 1 year Diploma in yoga – 1 year Diploma in Banking – 1 year Diploma in Financial Accounting – 1 year Diploma in Industrial Safety – 1 year Diploma in Business Management – 1 year Diploma in Hotel Management – 1 year Diploma in Physical Education – 1 year Diploma acting and anchoring – 3-6 months

40. https://in.indeed.com/career-advice/finding-a-job/career-options-after-10th https://idreamcareer.com/blog/courses-after-12th-science-pcmb/ https://byjus.com/neet/7-points-to-consider-while-choosing-stream-after-10th/ https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/finding-a-job/career-interests https://www.mindler.com/career-guidance-meaning-benefits-importance#: https://sudhirmemorialinstituteliluah.com/5-steps-to-help-you-choose-the-right-stream-after-class-10/ REFERENCES