Catheters

Parenteral Devices-Catheres

1. SEMINAR ON Catheters PRESENTED BY : Mr . Bhavesh.M.Choudhary 1 ST SEM , M. PHARM .

2. INTRODUCTION  What are Catheters?  Catheters are medical devices that can be inserted in the body to treat diseases or perform a surgical procedure.  They can be used both internally and externally and they exist in various forms, sizes and shape.  They are used for by-passing and collection of fluids.

3. GENERAL CLASSIFICATIONS  There are three(3) classes of Catheters;  Indwelling Catheters  External Catheters  Intermittent Catheters

4. INDWELLING CATHETERS  These are catheters which are inserted into the bladder and allowed to remain in the bladder. A common type is a Foley catheter.  Indwelling catheters can either be two-way or three- way.  Two-way catheter is used for collection of fluids only while Three-way catheter is used for both introduction and collection of fluids.  The three-way catheter is usually more bulky and could create skin and infection control problems.

5. EXTERNAL CATHETERS  They are used in male dementia patients and use to treat urinary incontinence.

6. INTERMITTENT CATHETERS  They are urinary catheters used to empty the bladder during surgery and for a short period of time.

7. CLASSIFICATIONS BASED ON SIZE  The various sizes include;

8.  Catheters can either be silicone coated or non silicone coated.  The silicone coated is specifically used to reduce irritation while the non silicone coated is used for general purposes.

9. MATERIALS USED IN MAKING CATHETERS  Silicone rubber  Nylon  Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)  Latex  Polyurethane  Thermoplastic elastomers

10. COMPLICATIONS OF CATHETERS  Irritation  Injury to the urethra  Bladder stones  Allergic reactions

11. Applications Uretic Cather,Draining urine from the urinary bladder as in urinary catherization . Drainagae of fluid collections e.g an abdominal abscess Administration of I.V fluids,medication or parenteral nutrition with a peripheral venous catheter Direct measurement of intracranial pressure Administration of oxygen,volatile anesthetic agents and other breathing gases into the lungs using a tracheal tube.

12. References : 19 Lachman.L . and Lieberman. H. Pharmaceutical Dosage form: Parenteral Medications, Volume-1, Second edition by Kenneth E. Avis,page No :53-54. https://scihub.bz/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2006.02.003. https://www.dsmedical.co.uk/treatment-c14/iv-c48/bd-venflon-pro-safety-cannula-singles-p178. http://hanlift-rhytidectomy.com/thread-body-side-effects. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannula.