CH02.L01 1675 Slavery and Triangular Trade.ppt

Slavery and Triangular Trade

1. The
Triangular
Trade
(Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade)

2. DEFINITION
Triangular Trade:
Trade routes
between
Africa, Europe
and the
Americas
during the
Atlantic Slave
Trade.
Video 

3. Spain, Portugal,
& England

They needed slaves to
work on their plantations
in South America, the
Caribbean, & North
America

4. ENGLAND
At beginning, only a few slaves came
to English colonies.
But when tobacco, cotton & rice
plantations grew in the colonies, slave
trade increased.
Britain was given control over much of
slave trade  had a monopoly

5. Maps of the Triangular Trade

7. M
i
d
d
l
e

P
a
s
s
a
g
e
**lower mortality rate**

9. Leg One: THE OUTWARD PASSAGE
Ships left Europe loaded with guns, tools, textiles
(manufactured goods)
Crews with guns went ashore to capture slaves
& purchase slaves from tribal leaders.
Slaves were obtained by:
1. Kidnapping
2. Trading
3. Tributes (gifts)
4. People in debt
5. Criminals
6. Prisoners of tribal wars

10. Goree, or Slave-StickGoree, or Slave-Stick
A forked branch which opens exactly to the A forked branch which opens exactly to the
size of a neck so the head can't pass through it.size of a neck so the head can't pass through it.

The forked branch is pierced with two holes so The forked branch is pierced with two holes so
that an iron pin comes across the neck of the that an iron pin comes across the neck of the
slave . . ., so that the smallest movement is slave . . ., so that the smallest movement is
sufficient to stop him and even to strangle himsufficient to stop him and even to strangle him

11. Goree, or Slave-Stick

13. Forced Participation
African Chiefs resisted in the beginning;
BUT needed weapons for defense.
Europeans too powerful; resistance was
unsuccessful
If chiefs did not supply slaves, they were
threatened to be taken as slaves.

15. Slaves were held in Slaves were held in
prisons along the west prisons along the west
coast of Africa. coast of Africa.

They were waiting to put They were waiting to put
on slaves ships.on slaves ships.
Those that journeyed Those that journeyed
from the interior and from the interior and
were not fit for the ship were not fit for the ship
were left on the shores were left on the shores
to dieto die

16. Fort Elmina, GhanaFort Elmina, Ghana
The castle acted as a depot where enslaved Africans were brought in from
different Kingdoms in West Africa. The Africans, often captured in the African
interior by the slave-catchers of coastal peoples, were sold to Portuguese and
later to Dutch traders in exchange for goods such as textiles and horses.

17. Leg Two: THE MIDDLE PASSAGE
-Voyage from Africa to Americas
-Ships sailed across Atlantic Ocean from Africa
to Americas, carrying slaves & gold
-Journey took 5-12 weeks
-DISGUSTING CONDITIONS
-Some Africans tried to jump ship, refused to eat
& rebelled.
-Loss of slave’s life = loss of $ for sailors.

19. Leg Two: THE MIDDLE PASSAGE
“Loose packing”: captains took fewer
slaves in hope to reduce sickness &
death.
“Tight packing”: captains carried as
many slaves as their ship could hold 
many died on voyage

24. Click picture for video

25. Leg Three: THE HOMEWARD
PASSAGE
Africans sold at auctions in Americas
Money from sale would buy cargo of
raw materials: cotton, sugar, spices,
rum, chocolate or tobacco.
In Europe, converted raw materials
into finished products.

27. AuctionsAuctions
There were 3 ways slaves were auctioned
off:
1.Public Auctions:
- They put tar on the slaves to hide any sores
and cuts
- Slaves were inspected
- An auction to took place and the higher
bidder would get to purchase the slave.
- Bids were taken as long as an inch of a
candle burned.
- Slaves were branded
- Families were separated
- They were given a European name.

29. AuctionsAuctions
2. Private Auctions:
-Similar to public auctions
-They were indoors and red markers
would be placed on the door to
indicate an auction.

31. AuctionsAuctions
3.A Scramble:
-They would take place on the
docks or on the deck of the ship
-There would be a fixed price per
head
-Slave owners would go in and grab
who they wanted to purchase.

32. AUCTIONSAUCTIONS
American born slaves who had skills were
most expensive
African born slaves were less $, as they had
to be “broken in”
Age, sex, & skills determined cost
Slaves with many scars considered too
rebellious
3 ways: public auction, private auction, or
scramble

33. Click for Auction Video

34. SLAVERY ABOLISHED IN SLAVERY ABOLISHED IN
BRITISH EMPIREBRITISH EMPIRE
1807 = slave trade abolished in British Empire  no
slaves carried from Africa in British ships.
1834 = Emancipation Act: slaves under 6 yrs. old
freed; field hands over 6 worked for 6 more years;
house slaves worked 10 more years
Britain gave 20 million pounds in compensation to
former slave owners (slaves received nothing)
1838 all slaves given complete freedom
Slavery in USA not abolished until 1865

35. Slave Trade Overview
Video

36. The Atlantic Slave Trade in
Two Minutes
http://www.slate.com/articles/life/
the_history_of_american_slavery/2015/06/
animated_interactive_of_the_history_of_the_atlan
tic_slave_trade.html