challenging the caste system notes.pptx

notes

1. Challenging the caste system N otes

2. Fill in the blanks 1.varna 2.brahmo samaj 3.Savitribai Phule 4.Kandukuri Veerasalingam 5.harijans.

3. Choose the correct answer 1.Jyotiba Phule 2.Mahadev Ranade 3.self-respect movement 4.ezhava caste 5.DR.B.R.Ambedkar.

4. Match the following 1.Satyashodhak sabha 2.prarthana samaj 3.periyar 4.Sri Narayana dharma paripalana yogam 5.harijans.

5. True or false 1.false 2.true 3.false 4.false 5.true

6. Short answers 1.initially, caste was associated with one’s profession and could be changed. With the passage of time, the caste system became hereditary and people were no longer allowed to change their occupations. 2.The prathana samaj served as a medium for social reform. It advocated inter-caste marriage, and widow re marriage.

7. Cont …. 3.Veerasalingam is considered to be the pioneer of social reform in Andhra Pradesh. He was also a prolific writer who’s works include several literary forms such as poetry, drama, and prose. He also started a telegu magazine for social reform because of his extensive achievements, he was called ‘vidya sagara’ of the south. 4. the self respect movement was started by periyar. The main object of this movement was to give non- B rahmanas a sense of humour pride based on their Dravidian past . 5 . Gandhiji consider untouchability a sin. He felt that untouchability was eradication, the pursuit of Swaraj was meaningless.

8. Long Answers Caste reform was regarded as urgent in India because it was closely linked to social reform , which had to precede any political reform, with the progress of the nationalist movement , intellectuals and freedom fighters realized that freedom from colonial rule was meaningless unless it was accompanied by social justice. It was felt that caste reform had to precede social reorm . Social reformers pointed out that a society characterized by people who were subjected to outdated practices , superstitions , and exploitation would never be able to progress.

9. Cont.…. 2.The pioneer of the caste movement in Maharashtra was Jyotiba Phule. He believed that the caste system had led to the exploitation of the lower castes by the upper castes for centuries. He pointed out that the denial of education to the lower castes had condemned them to a life of poverty and misery. He believed that education was the only way to uplift the lower castes. In 1848 , he opened a school for girls from the lower castes . He also educated his wife so that she could teach girls. In 1873, he set up the Satyashodhak Samaj, which aimed to improve the condition of the lower castes and the untouchables.

10. Cont … 3.The main objectives of the self-Respect Movement were the spread of political education. to do away with meaningless rituals. to put an end to the caste system that had divided society into superior and inferior groups and give people equal rights. to completely eradicate untouchability and establish a united society based on universal brotherhood. To give equal rights to women. To prevent child marriage and promote widow remarriage. To establish orphanages and home for widows and to run educational institutions.

11. Cont … 4. Gandhji called the untouchables” Harijans” or “Children of God” Gandhiji started an ashram in 1916 at Sabarmati, which was open to all castes. He organized many campaigns to give Harijans access to temples, public wells , and schools. He himself cleaned toilets to display the dignity of labour. He also started a paper called Harijan through which he hoped to convince people to give up the sin of untouchability. He held public meetings to spread the message of caste equality.

12. Cont.…. 5. The pioneer in the fight against caste oppression was Dr. B R Ambedkar. He belonged to a low caste himself and had suffered segregation and ill-treatment as a child. Although he was able to attend school he had to sit separately and was not allowed to mingle with others. He also had to drink water separately, which was given by a peon. When the peon was absent there would be no water available to drink. These sufferings inspired him to fight for the removal of caste oppression.