Chandrapura thermal power station (CTPS)--DVC_Industrial Training

Vocational Training PPT of Chandrapura thermal power station (CTPS), Damodar Valley Corporation (DVC),Bokaro.

1. 1 DAMODAR VALLEY CORPORATION INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT CHANDRAPURA THERMAL POWER STATION Presented by:- Pragyawan 1SI11EE034 Electrical and Electronics Engineering Siddaganga Institute of Technology

2. DAMOADAR VALLEY CORPORATION ESTAIBLISHED IN 7 TH JULY 1948 AS THE FIRST MULTIPORPOSE RIVER VALLEY PROJECT OF INDEPENDENT INDIA TO ARREST THE FURY BY THE RIVER OF SORROW AND TO HARNESS THE RESOURCES OF DAMODAR VALLEY COMMAND AREA IN JHARKHAND AND BENGAL. A POWER GENERATING CAPACITY OF OVER 2710MW. 2

3. MISSION AND VISION FLOOD CONTROL AND IRRIGATION GENERATION,TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION OF POWER. INDUSTRIAL AND DOMESTIC USE ECO-CONSERVATION ENRICHING THE QUALITY OF LIVES OF PEOPLE 3

4. DVC POWER STATION AT GLANCE: 1)THERMAL NAME LOCATION CAPACITY BOKARO-B Dist- Bokaro State-Jharkhand 630 MW (3*210 MW) CHANDRAPURA Dist- Bokaro State-Jharkhand 890 MW (3*130 +2*250 MW) DURGAPUR Dist- Burdhaman State-West Bengal 350 MW (1*140 MW + 1* 210 MW) MEJIA Dist- Bankura State-West Bengal 2340 MW (4*210 MW + 2*250 + 2*500) 4

5. 2)HYDEL: NAME LOCATION CAPACITY TILAIYA River- Barakar Dist- Hazaribagh State-Jharkhand 4 MW (2*2 MW) MAITHON River- Barakar Dist- Burdhaman State-West bengal 60 MW (3*20 MW) PANCHET River- Damodar Dist- Dhanbad State-Jharkhand 80 MW (2*40 MW) TOTAL HYDEL 144 MW TOTAL THERMAL 2710 MW GRAND TOTAL 2854 MW 5

6. CHANDRAPURA THERMAL POWER STATION A UNIT OF DVC, LOCATED AT BOKARO DISTRICT IN JHARKHAND . LARGEST PULVERISED FUEL FIRE POWER STATION OF ASIA WITH UNIT 1 AS THE FIRST REHEAT UNIT INSTALLED IN INDIA WITH HIGHEST STEAM PARAMETERS. SWITHCHYARD OF CTPS IS THE INDIA’S BIGGEST NETWORK. 6

7. Thermal Power Plant Overview

8. Main and Auxiliary Equipments 8 Coal handling plant Pulverizing plant Draft fans Boiler Ash handling plant Turbine Condenser Cooling towers and ponds Feed water heater Economiser Superheater and Reheater Air preheater

9. COAL HANDLING STEPS IN COAL HANDLING: Coal delivery Unloading Preparation Transfer Storage Implant handling Crushing & pulverizing Weighing & measuring Feeding the coal into furnace 9

10. PULVERISING PLANT In modern thermal power plant , coal is pulverised i.e. ground to dust like size and carried to the furnace in a stream of hot air. Pulverising is a means of exposing a large surface area to the action of oxygen and consequently helping combustion. Pulverising mills are further classified as: Contact mill Ball mill Impact mill 10

11. Why coal as a fuel Coal can provide usable energy at a cost of between 12 to 15 % compared to oil and natural gas, and coal prices are relatively stable. Coal is inherently higher polluting and carbon intensive than other energy alternatives. However coal is so inexpensive that one can spend quite a bit on pollution control, and still maintain coal’s competitive position.

12. PROCEDURE Loading coal in wagon machine. Bringing it on railway track by wagon pusher: A)boggy fixed in wagon machine B)bucket is tilted till it lights up the bulb C)bulb offs means bucket is tilted completely & coal is filled in bunker hopper Carrying the coal with the help of conveyor from bunker hopper. Crushing the coal through crusher. Storing the bunker powder. 12

13. Power generation Here, the burning of coal starts. Water is taken from river and demineralised and then send to boiler. Super heated steam of 540 degree celsius is formed which hits turbine with pressure of 137 kg/cm square. It rotates turbine to which rotor of generator is coupled when speed comes to 3000 rpm then building of voltage starts due to faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction When voltage becomes 15.75kv then this is fed to transformer to step it up to 220kv,which is bus bar voltage. Generator is synchronized with bus bar and steam is condensed to water, reused again to generate power . 13

14. Boilers Pulverized coal is put in boiler furnace. Boiler is an enclosed vessel in which water is heated and circulated until the water is turned in to steam at the required pressure.

15. OTHER COMPONENTS IN THE PLANT 15 Super-heater: Superheater is a component of a steam-generating unit in which steam, after it has left the boiler drum, is heated above its saturation temperature. Reheater : Reheater is also steam boiler component in which heat is added to this intermediate-pressure steam, which has given up some of its energy in expansion through the high-pressure turbine. Condenser : Condensers are heat exchangers which convert steam from its gaseous to its liquid state, also known as phase transition. Cooling Towers: It is a tower- or building-like device in which atmospheric air (the heat receiver) circulates in direct or indirect contact with warmer water (the heat source) and the water is thereby cooled

16. Steam Turbine Extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam and uses it to do mechanical work on a rotating output shaft. uses multiple stages in the expansion of the steam.

17. Generator Converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. Turbine is coupled with the Turbo-generator that normally spins at 3000 rpm in countries with 50 Hz supply frequency The generated voltage is stepped up in Generator Transformer and the power is evacuated through transmission line feeders.

18. It is a device that transfers electric energy from one alternating-current circuit to one or more other circuits, either increasing (stepping up) or reducing (stepping down) the voltage. Types of transformer @ CTPS- Generator transformer Unit auxiliary transformer Reserve transformer 18 transformerS

19. transformerS GENERATOR TRANSFORMERS Maker: BHEL Rating: 315MVA Voltage ratio: 16.5KV/240KV Cooling: oil forced, air forced UNIT AUXILIARY TRANSFORMERS Rating: 40MVA Voltage ratio: 16.5KV/6.6KV Cooling: oil natural, air natural 19

20. DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER Rating: 1250 KVA Voltage ratio: 6.6 KV/415V Cooling: air natural STATION SERVICE TRANSFORMER Rating: 31.5MVA Voltage ratio: 220KV/6.6KV Cooling: oil natural, air forced 20 transformerS

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22. SWITCH YARD CIRCUIT BREAKER : Switching and current interrupting device. Isolator : Operated under zero amperes current. Earthing device : Discharges the charges on conductor to earth. Lighting arrester : Discharges excessive voltage to earth. Relay : Closes contact when actuating quantity reach a pre-determined value. CURRENT AND POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER : Transforms current and voltage to lower value for the purpose of measurement, protection and control. 22

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24. CONDENSER 24 Steam after rotating steam turbine comes to condenser. Condenser refers here to the shell and tube heat exchanger (or surface condenser) installed at the outlet of every steam turbine in Thermal power stations of utility companies generally. These condensers are heat exchangers which convert steam from its gaseous to its liquid state, also known as phase transition.

25. CONDENSER

26. Types of water required DEMINERALISED WATER : BOILER SOFTEN WATER : COOLING AND GENERAL SERVICE DRINKING WATER : DOMESTIC PURPOSE UNTREATED WATER : ASH HANDLING,COAL HANDLING AND FIRE FIGHTING

27. Water Supply Majority of water supply for steam generation is condensed water. T he steam from L.P . turbine is sent into surface condenser which ch anges the phase from steam to water. Now, this water is sent to cooling towers which are evaporative coolers used for cooling water. these evaporate some part of condensed water to reject heat. At CTPS cooling towers are of hyperboloid structure .

28. Feed water pump: these pumps are high pressure units that overcome steam pressure to force water into the boiler drum. Economizer : In boilers, these are heat exchangers that heat fluids usually water, upto its saturation point, they use the energy from the heat of flue gas and thus reduce heat in put and costs. It is placed in the passage of flue gas between outlet and chimney

29. WATER TREATMENT This is additional water added in feed water stream . but before that it Is treated in water treatment plant At CTPS, there are 4 treatment units 1)dirty water from reservoir. 2 ) alum is mixed in with water coming from 1. 3)clean water coming from 2 into 3. This treated water is sent into feed stream , where it mixes with condensed water, to form “final water”.

30. ASH HANDLING PLANT The percentage of ash in coal varies from 5% in good quality coal to about 40% in poor quality coal Power plants generally use poor quality of coal , thus amount of ash produced by it is pretty large A modern 2000MW plant produces about 5000 tons of ash daily The stations use some conveyor arrangement to carry ash to dump sites directly or for carrying and loading it to trucks and wagons which transport it to the site of disposal

31. ASH HANDLING PLANT The main operations are: Removal of ash from furnace. Transfer of ash to a fill or storage. Disposal. Ash can be disposed of as: Dry ash system Ash slurry system

32. EXHAUST 32 The dust and ash are taken into ash treatment plant as mentioned earlier . The rest flue gas moves through flue gas stack which is a type of chimney, a vertical pipe or channel for the exhaust gas outlet.

33. 34 THANK YOU