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1. CHANDRAYAAN 3 A Mission Of Hope For The Future Of Space Exploration.

2. Chandrayaan 3 is India's third lunar mission to soft land on the lunar south pole region. The mission will conduct scientific experiments to study the lunar geology, atmosphere, and environment. Introduction Of Chandrayaan 3

3. Three Mission Objectives Demonstrate safe and soft landing on the lunar surface Conduct rover operations on the Moon Conduct on-site experiments on the lunar surface 1 2 3

4. Key Technologies Hazard Detection and Avoidance Lander Hazard Detection & Avoidance Camera and Processing Algorithm Landing Leg Mechanism. Inertial Measurement Laser Gyro based Inertial referencing and Accelerometer package Altimeters Laser & RF based Altimeters Propulsion System 800N Throttleable Liquid Engines, 58N attitude thrusters & Throttleable Engine Control Electronics Velocimeters Laser Doppler Velocimeter & Lander Horizontal Velocity Camera Navigation, Guidance & Control Powered Descent Trajectory design and associate software elements 1 2 3 4 5 6

5. Lander Special Tests Integrated Cold Test: For the demonstration of Integrated Sensors & Navigation performance test using helicopter as test platform 1 Integrated Hot test: For the demonstration of closed loop performance test with sensors, actuators and NGC using Tower crane as test platform 2 Lander Leg mechanism performance test on a lunar simulant test bed simulating different touch down conditions. 3

6. Mission Components Propulsion module This module is responsible for carrying the lander and rover configuration to the Moon. It also has a scientific payload that will study the Earth from lunar orbit. Lander module This module will land on the Moon and deploy the rover. It also has a scientific payload that will study the lunar surface. Rover This is a small, mobile vehicle that will conduct on-site experiments on the lunar surface. It is equipped with a variety of scientific instruments, including a seismometer, a spectrometer, and a camera.

7. Specifications For Chandrayaan-3  Sl No. Parameter Specifications Sl No. Parameter Specifications 1. Mission Life (Lander & Rover) One lunar day (~14 Earth days) 7. Communication Propulsion Module: Communicates with IDSN Lander Module: Communicates with IDSN and Rover. Chandrayaan-2 Orbiter is also planned for contingency link. Rover: Communicates only with Lander. 2. Landing Site (Prime) 4 km x 2.4 km 69.367621 S, 32.348126 E 8. Lander Sensors Laser Inertial Referencing and Accelerometer Package (LIRAP) Ka-Band Altimeter (KaRA) Lander Position Detection Camera (LPDC) LHDAC (Lander Hazard Detection & Avoidance Camera) Laser Altimeter (LASA) Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV) Lander Horizontal Velocity Camera (LHVC) Micro Star sensor Inclinometer & Touchdown sensors 3. Science Payloads Lander:Radio Anatomy of Moon Bound Hypersensitive ionosphere and Atmosphere (RAMBHA) Chandra’s Surface Thermo physical Experiment (ChaSTE) Instrument for Lunar Seismic Activity (ILSA) Laser Retroreflector Array (LRA) Rover: Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer (APXS) Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscope (LIBS) Propulsion Module: Spectro-polarimetry of HAbitable Planet Earth (SHAPE) 9. Lander Actuators Reaction wheels – 4 nos (10 Nms & 0.1 Nm) 4. Two Module Configuration Propulsion Module (Carries Lander from launch injection to Lunar orbit) Lander Module (Rover is accommodated inside the Lander) 10. Lander Propulsion System Bi-Propellant Propulsion System (MMH + MON3), 4 nos. of 800 N Throttleable engines & 8 nos. of 58 N; Throttleable Engine Control Electronics 5. Mass Propulsion Module: 2148 kg Lander Module: 1752 kg including Rover of 26 kg Total: 3900 kg 11. Lander Mechanisms Lander leg Rover Ramp (Primary & Secondary) Rover ILSA, Rambha & Chaste Payloads Umbilical connector Protection Mechanism, X- Band Antenna 6. Power generation Propulsion Module: 758 W Lander Module: 738W, WS with Bias Rover: 50W 12. Lander Touchdown specifications Vertical velocity: ≤ 2 m / sec Horizontal velocity: ≤ 0.5 m / sec Slope: ≤ 120

8. Objectives Of Scientific Payloads SI. No Lander Payloads Objectives 1. Radio Anatomy of Moon Bound Hypersensitive ionosphere and Atmosphere (RAMBHA) Langmuir probe (LP) To measure the near surface plasma (ions and electrons) density and its changes with time 2. Chandra’s Surface Thermo physical Experiment (ChaSTE) To carry out the measurements of thermal properties of lunar surface near polar region. 3. Instrument for Lunar Seismic Activity (ILSA) To measure seismicity around the landing site and delineating the structure of the lunar crust and mantle. 4. LASER Retroreflector Array (LRA) It is a passive experiment to understand the dynamics of Moon system. SI. No Rover Payloads Objectives 1. LASER Induced Breakdown Spectroscope (LIBS) Qualitative and quantitative elemental analysis & To derive the chemical Composition and infer mineralogical composition to further our understanding of Lunar-surface. 2. Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) To determine the elemental composition (Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca,Ti, Fe) of Lunar soil and rocks around the lunar landing site. Sl. No Propulsion Module Payload Objectives 1. Spectro-polarimetry of HAbitable Planet Earth (SHAPE) Future discoveries of smaller planets in reflected light would allow us to probe into variety of Exo-planets which would qualify for habitability (or for presence of life).

9. Launch And Landing Of Chandrayaan-3 Chandrayaan-3 was launched on July 14, 2023. It entered a lunar transfer orbit on July 15, 2023. The lander is expected to land on the lunar south pole region on August 23 or August 24, 2023. Event Date Launch July 14, 2023 Lunar transfer orbit July 15, 2023 Landing on the lunar south pole region August 23-24, 2023

10. First Indian mission to land on the lunar south pole region First Indian mission to carry a rover Advances India's space exploration capabilities Promotes international cooperation in space exploration The Significance Of Chandrayaan-3

11. Mission Life Propulsion Module 3 to 6 months 1 Lander Rover 1 Lunar Day 1 Landing Site 69.36 degree S, 32.34 degree E; slightly off the site for Chandrayaan-2 1

12. Integrated Module Phase Lunar Transfer Trajectory Injection Orbit EBNs Lunar Orbit Insertion Lunar Orbit Lander Deboost Lander Propulsion Model Separation Touchdown Mission Profile

13. Mission Profile Animation of Chandrayaan-3 Chandrayaan-3 Earth Moon

14. The Earth-Moon average distance is roughly 384,400 kilometers. To save fuel, Chandrayaan-3 has chosen a longer route to the Moon. This adjusted path aims to ensure a gentle landing of the mission's Vikram lander on the Moon's South Pole area. The expected timeline for this soft touchdown is approximately 42 days after launch, specifically around August 23 or 24. Trajectory

15. 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 Nominal Flight Sequence S.No Event Flight Time (s) Altitude (km) Inertial Velocity (km/s) 1 2xS200 Ignition 0.00 0.024 0.452 2 L110 Ignition 108.10 44.668 1.788 3 2xS200 Separation 127.00 62.171 1.969 4 PLF Separation 194.96 114.805 2.560 5 L110 Separation 305.56 175.352 4.623 6 C25 Ignition 307.96 176.573 4.621 7 C25 Shut-off 954.42 174.695 10.242 8 Satellite Separation 969.42 179.192 10.269

16. LVM3-M4-Chandrayaan-3 Mission Timeline July 14, 2023 LVM3 M4 vehicle successfully launched Chandrayaan-3 into orbit. Chandrayaan-3, in its precise orbit, has begun its journey to the Moon. Health of the Spacecraft is normal. July 22, 2023 The fourth orbit-raising maneuver (Earth-bound perigee firing) is completed. The spacecraft is now in a 71351 km x 233 km orbit. August 06, 2023 LBN#2 is successfully completed. The spacecarft is in 170 km x 4313 km orbit around the moon July 25, 2023 Orbit-raising maneuver performed on July 25, 2023. Next firing (TransLunar Injection), is planned for August 1, 2023. July 15, 2023 The first orbit-raising maneuver (Earthbound firing-1) is successfully performed at ISTRAC/ISRO, Bengaluru. Spacecraft is now in 41762 km x 173 km orbit. July 17, 2023 The second orbit-raising maneuver performed. The spacecraft is now in 41603 km x 226 km orbit. August 05, 2023 Chandrayaan-3 is successfully inserted into the lunar orbit. The orbit achieved is 164 km x 18074 km, as intended. August 01, 2023 The spacecraft is inserted into the translunar orbit. The orbit achieved is 288 km x 369328 km. Lunar-Orbit Insertion (LOI) is planned for Aug 5, 2023.

17. Chandrayaan-3 Capture First Image The Moon, as viewed by Chandrayaan-3 during Lunar Orbit Insertion

18. Conclusion Of Chandrayaan 3 Chandrayaan 3 was a successful mission that achieved its objectives of soft landing on the lunar south pole region and conducting scientific experiments. The mission has furthered India's space exploration capabilities and has helped to gain a better understanding of the Moon.

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