Chapter 1 Introduction to Mechatronic System.pptx

Introduction to Mechatronic System

1. Introduction to Mechatronic System

2. Learning Outcome 1. Explain the elements of and design approach in mechatronic system.

3. Mechatronics Definition The word, mechatronic s , is c o mposed of “mech a ” fr o m mech a nism and the “ troni c s ” from electro n ics. The synergistic int e gration of m echanical engine e ring, with electro n ics and intelligent computer control in the desi g n and man u fa c turing of industri a l pro d ucts and pro c esses.

4. Mechatronics Definition Me chatroni c s is the ap p lic a tion of complex decision m a king to the oper a tion of physical systems. Me chatroni c s is a methodol o gy used for the optimal design of electro m echani c al pro d u c ts. A mechatronic system is not ju s t a combination of electric a l and mech a nic a l systems and is m o re than just a control system; it is a complete int e gration of a l l of them.

5. Mechatronics Definition Mechatr o nics Engi n eering is the Anal y sis Des i gn Manufac t u r ing I n tegration and maintenance of mechan i cs with elec t ronics thro ugh intelligent computer control.

6. Mech a tronic Key E l ements Info r m a tion Systems M o de l ing and S imul a tion Optimization Mechanic a l Systems Electrical Systems DC and A C Anal y sis Power Sensors and actu a tors Rea l- Time Interfacing

7. Inf o rma t ion Systems Info r m a tion systems inc l u d e a l l a s pects for infor m ation exchange S i gnal pr oces s ing, control syst e ms, and analy s is te c hn i q u es The fo l lowing a r e essential for mechatr o nics applications Mode l ing a n d Simu l ation Automatic control N u m e rical m e th o ds for o ptimization.

8. I n for m ation S ystems: Modeling Modeling is the process of r e pr e s e nting the b ehavior of a r e al syst e m by a coll e ct i on of mathematical e q uat i ons and l o gic. Models can be sta t ic or d y namic S ta t ic mode l s produce n o motio n , heat tr a n s f e r, f l uid fl o w, tr a v e l i n g w av e s, or any other chan g e s . Dynam i c mode l s have e n er g y tr a n s f e r wh i ch results in po w er f l o w . This c a uses motio n , heat t r ans f er, and other phe n om e na that ch a n g e in ti m e. Models are caus e -an d -effect struc t ure s— they accept external i n format i on and process it wi t h their logic and eq u atio n s to produce one or mo r e outputs. Par a me ter is a f i xe d -v alue un i t of i n f o rma t ion Sig n al is a ch a n g i n g -un i t of i n f o rma t ion Models can be tex t -based pr o grammi n g or bl o ck d i agr a ms

9. Inf o rma t ion Systems: Simul a tion Simu l ation is the process of s olving the model and is perform ed on a computer. Si m u l ation process c a n be divi d ed into three sections: Initializ a tion (Starting test) I t e r ation, (Analysis) T e rmination. (End)

10. Mechanical Systems Mechani c al systems are c o ncerned with the beha v ior of matt e r under the action of forces. Such systems are categori z ed as rigid, deformable, or f l uid in nat ure. Rigi d- bodies as s ume a ll bodies and connections in the sy s tem to be per f ect l y rigid. ( i.e. do not deform) Fluid mechani c s consists of comp r essible and incomp r essible fluids. N e wtonian mechanics provi d es the basis for most mechanical systems and consists of thr e e indep e ndent and absolute c o ncepts: Space, Time, and Mass. Fo r ce, is also p r esent but is n ot independent of the other th r ee

11. E l ect r i c al Systems Elec t ric a l sy s tems are c o n c e r ned wi t h the be havi o r of three fun d a m en t al quan t i t ies: Ch a r g e, c urrent, and v o lt a ge Elec t ric a l sy s tems c o nsist of two c a tegories : P o w e r sy s tems and Communi c ati o n sy s tems An el e c t ric c i rcuit is a cl o s e d network of paths through whi c h curr e nt flows. C i rcuit ana l ysis is the process of c a lcula ti n g all vol t ages a n d curr e n t s in a c i rcuit given as is bas e d on two fund a ment a l laws : Kirchhoff ’s c u rr ent l aw: The sum of al l c u rr ents entering a node is zero. Kirchhoff ’s v ol t a ge l aw: The sum of a l l v ol t a ge dr ops a r ound a c l o s ed l o o p is zero.

12. Electrical Systems: Power Energy is the c a pacity to d o w o rk va r io u s Potential, kinetic, el e ctrical, heat, ch e mical, nucl e ar, and rad i an t . power is the amount of energy transferred or converted per unit time. In the International System of Units, the unit of power is the watt, equal to one joule per second. In older works, power is sometimes called activity. Power is a scalar quantity , ( 1 watt 1 jou l e p e r second ) .

13. Se n sors Sensors are req u ir e d to monitor the perfo r man c e of mac h ines a n d pro c es s es C o mm o n variables in mecha t ron i c sy s tems are tempera t u r e, spe e d, posit i o n , force, t o rq ue, a n d ac c el e rat i o n . I m p ortant c h a ra c teristic s : the dyn a mi c s of the s ensor, s ta b i l ity, resolution, precision, ro b ustnes s , size, and signal proces s ing. I n telligent s e nsors are avail a ble that n o t o n ly s e nse i n forma t i o n but process it well Progre s s in s emiconductor manufacturing technology h a s m a d e it pos s i b le to integrate sensor and the s ign a l proces s ing on one c h i p S e nsors are a b le to as c ertain c on d it i ons instantaneously and a cc ur a te l y These sensors facilit a te o perati o ns n o rma l ly performed by the c ontrol algorit h m, w h ich in c l u de aut o mat i c n o ise filtering, l i neariz a ti o n sensitiv i ty, and sel f - c a l i b rati o n.

14. Actuators Act u ation involves a physical a ction on a m a chine o r process. They can t ran s form electrical inputs into mechanic a l o utputs such as f or c e, a ngle, and position. Actuato r s c a n be cl a ssified into three g e neral groups. Electrom a gn e tic act u ators, (e. g ., AC and DC e l ec t rical motors, st e p per motors, e l e c trom a gnets) Fluid p o wer act u ators, (e. g ., hydraulics, pneum a tics) Un c onventional act u ators (e. g ., p i e z oel e ctric, m a gn e tostrictiv e , m e mory m e ta l )

15. Rea l -Time I n terfacing Real-ti m e i n terface provides data acq u isi t ion and con t r o l f u n c tions for the computer. It is process of fusing and synchronizing model, sensor, and actuator information. Also called real- time interfacing or hardware-in-the-loop simulation. Rec o ns t ruct a sensor w a veform as a digi t al seq u ence and make it availa b le to the computer software for processi n g. The control f u n c tion produces an a n al o g approximation as a series of small steps. R e a l -time i n terfaci n g i n clu d es: A/D and D/A c o n v ers i o n s Analog s i g n al conditio n i ng circuits Sam p l i n g theory.

16. Examples of Mechatronic systems

17. What is mechatronic? What is mechanical system? What is the element involve in mechatronic system? Explain briefly what you understand regarding all the elements in the mechatronic system. Why sensors are used in the mechatronic system? What are the general groups of actuators? Provide five types of mechatronic system examples and explain why you gave this example. Exercise: