CHAPTER 10 TRANSPORT SYSTEMS FOR BODY.pptx

IPA

1. TRANSPORT SYSTEMS IN ORGANISMS 8 th Grade CHAPTER 10

2. TRANSPORT SYSTEMS IN PLANTS

3. A bsorption of water and mineral salts in roots After the water and mineral salts are taken in, the water molecules move from one cell to the next by osmosis Water and mineral salts move from one cell to the next by diffusion Part of the plant transport system called vascular bundles Each vascular bundle consists of two main types of tissues  xylem and phloem

4. vascular bundle ( jaringan pembuluh ) 1 XYLEM : Transport water and mineral salt 2 PHLOEM : Transport food materials (sugars and proteins)

5. Where are the xylem and phloem? In the leaf In the steam

6. Processes involved in the transport of substances Diffusion Mineral salt are able to move in and out of plant cells through diffusion. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration . In this case, there is a net movement of molecules. Eventually both solutions will have the same concentration of sucrose and water molecules

7. Processes involved in the transport of substances Osmosis Osmosis is more specific in that it is the movement of only water molecules across a partially permeable membrane. Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a partially permeable membrane from a dilute solution (high concentration of water) to a concentrated solution (low concentration of water).

8. Transport System in Humans What are the parts of the human transport system ? What is the function of each part of the human transport system ?

9. The circulatory system is a transport system present in humans to supply oxygen and food quickly to all parts of the body. The circulatory sytem in human beings is made up of : the blood - the transport medium ; the blood vessels – the arteries, veins and capillaries; and the heart . CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

10. lungs blood flowing back to the heart blood flowing from the heart The heart The heart is like a muscular pump. Its pumping action keeps the blood circulating around the body rapidly and continuously. Deoxygenated blood Oxygenated blood The veins The veins carry blood towards the heart. The arteries The arteries carry blood away from the heart. Blood Blood is continuously circulated around the body. It transports many substances through the body. It also protects the body from disease-causing germs. The capillaries Capillaries are tiny blood vessels which connect the arteries to the veins. Their very thin walls allow blood to exchange substances such as oxygen and glucose with the tissue cells. Waste products like carbon dioxide can diffuse from the tissue cells into the blood capillaries.

11. Small blood circulation (Pulmonary) Large blood circulation (Systemic) Double circulation in the heart

12. Q.S AL-HAQQAH: 45-46

13. 1. Heart ( Jantung ) Heart is the organ that acts as a pump of blood. T he parts of the human transport system

14. 2. Blood vessel ( pembuluh darah ) oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the Alveoli by diffusion

15. 3. B lood as a transport medium Blood is a fluid tissue, which is made up of the plasma , red blood cells , white blood cells and platelets . Plasma Plasma is a liquid, containing mainly water. Plasma has many substances dissolved in it. These substances are transported in the bloodstream from one part of the body to the other.

16. Plasma To transport digested food substances form the small intestines to other parts of the body To transport carbon dioxide and waste products formed in cells to the excretory organs for removal To transport other substances such as enzymes and special chemicals called hormones

17. R ed blood cell (Eritrosit) Red blood cells are biconcave and have no nucleus. Structure The biconcave shape increases the surface area of the cell. This allows the cells to take in oxygen or release oxygen at a fast rate. Red blood cells transport oxygen from the lungs to other parts of the body. function They contain a red pigment called haemoglobin .

18. W hite blood cells (Leukocytes) Irregular shapes or amoeboid Function : Fight and kill bacteri , virus and others stranger things The white blood cells do no help to transport substances. White blood cells fight infections while platelets make blood clot when bleeding occurs.

19. Platelets (Thrombocytes) Don’t have nucleus and granular Function : drying or healing wound

20. The ABO blood group system, discovered by Karl Landsteiner , is influenced by blood antigen (agglutinogen) and antibody (agglutinin) factors. Rhesus blood group system, influenced by the Rhesus protein antigen factor. B lood grouping A B O Rh

21. ABO Blood Group System How to determine blood group: 1) If a person's blood is dripped with agglutinin serum,𝛼 Agglutination occurs, blood type is A or AB. b. No agglutination occurs, blood type is B or O. 2) If a person's blood is dripped with agglutinin serum,𝛽 Agglutination occurs, blood type is B or AB. b. No agglutination occurs, blood type is A or O.

22. 1 Coronary arteries cannot supply enough blood (Nutrients and O2 to the heart muscles so the heart muscles can't contract and the heart can't beat Caused by: fat or cholesterol. Symptomps : Chest pain, shortness of breath and dizziness Coronary heart Circulatory disorder

23. 2 Strokes Stroke is a disease that occurs due to death of tissue in the brain caused by a lack of oxygen intake in the brain. Caused by: fat or cholesterol, blood vessels ruptured

24. 3 Varicose veins The veins (veins) are dilated and twisted. This disorder usually occurs in the foot area Prevent: avoid excess weight, standing too long, using high heels

25. caused by a lack of hemoglobin or a shortage of red blood cells, because the body lacks of iron. 4 Anemia

26. 5 Hypertension and Hypotension Hypertension: blood pressure is above 120/80 mmHg Hypotension : less than 120/80 mm Hg Caused by : obesity (overweight), lack of exercise, stress, alcoholic, salt, fat and colesterol

27. THANK YOU 