Chapter 11(cash flow budgeting)

agribusiness

1. CHAPTER 9
CASH FLOW
BUDGETING

2. LEARNING OUTCOMES
1.To identify cash flow budgeting as a tool
for decision making and analysis.
2.To understand the structure and
components of a cash flow budget.
3.To illustrate the procedure for completing
a cash flow budget.
4.To describe similarities and differences
between a cash flow budget and an income
statement.
5.To discuss the uses of a cash flow budget
6.To show the use of cash flow budgeting in
investment analysis.

3. FEATURES OF A CASH FLOW
BUDGET
A cash flow budget is a summary of the
projected cash inflows and outflows for
a business over a period of time. The time
period is usually a future accounting period
and is divided into quarters or months. As
a forward planning tool, its primary purpose
is to estimate the amount and timing of
future borrowing needs and the ability of
the business to repay loans.

4. ILLUSTRATION OF CASH FLOWS

5. ACTUAL VERSUS ESTIMATED CASH FLOWS
A cash flow budget contains estimates
of cash flows for a future time period.
It is possible to record and organize
actual cash flows for some past time
period into a Statement of Cash Flows.

The actual values can be compared against
the budgeted values. Also, this statement
can provide insight into the financial
structure of the business.

6. SIMPLIFIED CASH FLOW BUDGET
Time Period 1 Time Period 2
1Beginning cash balance $1,000 $500
2Farm product sales 2,000 12,000
3Capital sales 0 5,000
4Miscellaneous cash income 0 500
5Total cash inflow 3,000 18,000
6Farm operating expenses 3,500 1,800
7Capital purchases 10,000 0
8Miscellaneous expenses 500 200
9Total cash outflow 14,000 2,000
10Cash balance -11,000 16,000
(line 5 - line 9)
11Borrowed funds needed 11,500 0
12Loan repayments 0 11,700
(principal and interest)
13Ending cash balance 500 4,300
(line 10 + line 11 - line 12)
14Debt outstanding $11,500 $0
Cash inflow:
Cash outflow:

7. CONSTRUCTING A CASH FLOW
BUDGET
1.Develop a whole-farm plan.
2.Take inventory.
3.Estimate crop production and livestock
feed requirements.
4.Estimate cash receipts from livestock.
5.Estimate cash crop sales.

8. CONSTRUCTING A CASH FLOW
BUDGET (cont…)
6.Estimate other cash income.
7.Estimate cash farm operating expenses.
8.Estimate personal and non-farm cash
expenses.
9.Estimate purchases and sales of capital
assets.
10.Find and record the scheduled principal
and interest payments on existing debts.

9. FORM FOR A CASH FLOW BUDGET
Total Jan Feb March
1Beginning cash balance
Operating receipts:
2 Grain and feed
3 Feeder livestock
4 Livestock products
5 Other
6
Capital receipts:
7 Breeding livestock
8 Machinery and equipment
9
Nonfarm income:
10 Wages and salary
11 Investments
12
13Total cash inflow (add lines 1-12)
Operating expenses
14 Seed
15 Fertilizer and lime
16 Chemicals
17 Other crop expenses
18 Gas, oil, and lubricants
19 Hired labor
20 Machine hire
21 Feed and grain
22 Feeder livestock
23 Livestock expenses
24 Repairs - machinery
25 Repairs - buildings
26 Cash rent
27 Supplies
28 Property taxes
29 Insurance
30 Utilities
31 Auto and pickup (farm share)
32 Other farm expenses
33
34
35Total cash operating expenses
Name: I. M. Farmer

10. FORM FOR A CASH FLOW BUDGET
(cont..)
Total Jan Feb March
36 Machinery and equipment
37 Breeding livestock
38
Other expenditures:
39 Family living expenses
40 Income tax and social security
41 Other nonfarm expenses
42
43
Scheduled debt payments
44 Current debt - principal
45 Current debt - interest
46 Noncurrent debt - principal
47 Noncurrent debt - interest
48Total cash outflow
(add lines 35-47)
49Cash available (line 13 - line 48)
New borrowing:
50 Current
51 Noncurrent
52 Total new borrowing
Payments on new current debt
53 Principal
54 Interest
55Total debt payment
(line 53 + line 54)
56Ending cash balance
(lines 49 + 52 - 55)
Summary of debt outstanding
57Current
58Noncurrent
59Total debt Outstanding
Name: I. M. Farmer
Capital Expenditures

11. EXAMPLE OF A CASH FLOW
BUDGET
Total Jan Feb March AprilMay June July Aug SeptOct Nov Dec
1Beginning cash balance 2,5002,50018,65015,250 500 450 450 500 450 513 66326,17637,376
Operating receipts:
2 Grain and feed 160,00020,00020,000 60,00060,000
3 Feeder livestock 88,000 88,000
4 Livestock products
5 Other 5,400 5,400
6
Capital receipts:
7 Breeding livestock 3,800 3,800
8 Machinery and equipment
9
Nonfarm income:
10 Wages and salary 7,200 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600
11 Investments 200 200
12
Total cash inflow
13 (add lines 1-12) 267,10023,30039,25015,8501,1001,0501,0501,10092,8506,51361,26386,77637,976
Operating expenses:
14 Seed 5,800 5,800
15 Fertilizer and lime 26,000 8,00010,000 8,000
16 Chemicals 4,000 4,000
17 Other crop expenses 2,600 2,600
18 Gas, oil, lubricants 3,000 1,500 1,500
19 Hired labor 6,000 5001,5001,500 500 1,0001,000
20 Machine hire 800 400 400
21 Feed and grain 4,000 800 800 800 800 800
22 Feeder livestock 36,000 36,000
23 Livestock expenses 7,5001,000 500 5001,500 5001,000 500 1,0001,000
24 Repairs-machinery 3,600 500 500 500 600 500 500 500
25 Repairs-buildings 1,800 1,800
26 Cash rent
27 Supplies 1,000 250 250 250 250
28 Property taxes 3,400 1,700 1,700
29 Insurance 700 700
30 Utilities 600 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50
31 Auto and pickup (farm share)1,200 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
32 Other farm expenses 500 100 100 100 100 100
33
34
Cash Flow BudgetName: I. M. Farmer

12. EXAMPLE OF A CASH FLOW
BUDGET (cont..)
Total Jan FebMarch AprilMay June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
35Total cash operating expenses108,5001,6503,00021,15014,0504,5002,950 6501,8002,8506,05046,4003,450
Capital expenditures:
36 Machinery and equipment 60,000 60,000
37 Breeding livestock 1,000 1,000
38
Other expenditures:
39 Family living expenses 36,0003,0003,0003,0003,0003,0003,0003,0003,0003,0003,0003,0003,000
40 Income tax and social security8,000 8,000
41 Other nonfarm expenses
42
43
Scheduled debt payments:
44 Current debt - principal 0
45 Current debt - interest 0
46 Noncurrent debt - principal32,000 6,000 20,000 6,000
47 Noncurrent debt - interest 27,200 12,000 3,200 12,000
Total cash outflow
48 (add lines 35-47) 272,7004,65024,00092,15017,0507,50030,1503,65022,8005,8509,05049,4006,450
49Cash available (line 13-line48)(5600)18,65015,250(76,300)(15,950)(6,450)(29,100)(2,550)70,050 66352,21337,37631,526
New borrowing:
50 Current 92,700 36,80016,4006,90029,6003,000
51 Noncurrent 40,000 40,000
52Total new borrowing 132,700 76,80016,4006,90029,6003,000
Payments on new current debt
53 Principal 92,700 67,400 25,300
54 Interest 2,874 2,137 737
Total debt payments
55 (line 53 + line 54) 95,574 69,537 26,037
Ending cash balance
(lines 49 + 52 - 55) 31,52618,65015,250 500 450 450 500 450 513 66326,17637,37631,526
Summary of debt outstanding
Current (beginning of $0) 0 0 036,80053,20060,10089,70092,70025,30025,300 0 0 0
Noncurrent (beg. of $340,000)340,000340,000334,000374,000374,000374,000354,000354,000348,000348,000348,000348,000348,000
Total debt outstanding340,000340,000334,000410,800427,200434,100443,700446,700373,300373,300348,000348,000348,000

13. CALCULATING INTEREST DUE
Principal Interest
March
borrowing $36,800 x 9% x 10/12 of a year =$1,380
April
borrowing $16,400 x 9% x 9/12 of a year = 492
May
borrowing $6,900 x 9% x 8/12 of a year =155
June
borrowing $7,300 x 9% x 7/12 of a year = 110
Total $67,400 $2,137

14. USES FOR A CASH FLOW BUDGET
1.Plan borrowing and debt repayment.
2.Suggest ways to minimize borrowing.
3.Combine business and personal financial
affairs into one complete plan.
4.Help establish realistic line of credit.
5.Plan purchases to obtain discounts.
6.Aid tax planning.
7.Find imbalances between current and
non-current debt.

15. Monitoring Actual Cash Flows
A cash flow budget can be used for
monitoring and control. The budgeted
amounts can be compared to what
actually transpires.

16. A FORM FOR MONITORING CASH
FLOWS
Annual Budget Actual
Total to Date to Date
1Beginning cash balance
Operating receipts:
2 Grain and feed
3 Feeder livestock
4 Livestock products
5 Other
6
Capital receipts:
7 Breeding livestock
8 Machinery and equipment
9
Nonfarm income:
10 Wages and salary
11 Investments
12
13Total cash inflow (add lines 1-12)
Operating expenses
14 Seed
15 Fertilizer and lime
16 Chemicals
17 Other crop expenses
18 Gas, oil, and lubricants
19 Hired labor
20 Machine hire
21 Feed and grain
22 Feeder livestock
23 Livestock expenses
24 Repairs - machinery
25 Repairs - buildings
26 Cash rent
27 Supplies
28 Property taxes
29 Insurance
30 Utilities
31 Auto and pickup (farm share)
32 Other farm expenses
33
34
35Total cash operating expenses
Name___________________ Year ____________

17. INVESTMENT ANALYSIS
USING A CASH FLOW BUDGET
Will a new investment generate
enough cash income to meet its
additional cash requirements? In
other words, is the investment
financially feasible?

18. SUMMARY
A cash flow budget is a summary of
all cash inflows and outflows for a given
future time period. No non-cash entries
are included. This budget can provide
an estimate of borrowing needs and
repayment capacity. It can also be
used to analyze the feasibility of
investment alternatives.