Chapter -13, Anti-neoplastic drugs (one page notes).pptx

Content regarding antineoplastic drugs as per PCI syllabus for D.Pharm students.

1. Prepared By – Kartik Tiwari (Lecturer) Hygia College of Pharmacy, Lucknow (U.P) Content as Per D. Pharm Syllabus ANTI-NEOPLASTIC AGENTS Anti-neoplastic agents are the medications or drugs that are used in the treatment of the cancer disease. Cancer is the disease or state in which the abnormal proliferation of the body cells or uncontrolled growth of the body cells in the milieu of the normal cells. Classification of anti-neoplastic agents One Page Notes KARTIK TIWARI One Page Notes Cyclophosphamide Fluorine atom at 5 th position. Cisplatin Storage – It should be stored in the air tight closed container/boxes and keep away from the light and moisture. Alkylating agents: Alkylating agents chemically bound to nucleic acid and bring about change in DNA and RNA of cells. This includes cross-linking between strands of DNA which results in breaking of the nucleic acid which will not replicated. Antimetabolite: Antimetabolite is a substance that replaces or inhibits a specific metabolite (Intermediate and product of metabolism) of a cell and interferes with the normal cellular metabolic function. 1. Folic Acid Analogues 2. Purine Analogues 3. Pyrimidine Analogues Uses – It is used in the treatment of cancer. Antibiotics: The anticancer antibiotics are the drugs that affect DNA synthesis and replication by incorporate into DNA or by donating electrons which results in the production of highly reactive superoxide that cause breakage of DNA strands. Plant products: Plant also contain important chemicals for the prevention and treatment of cancer with a fewer or no side effects. 1. Vinca alkaloids 2. Epipodophyllotoxins 3. Taxanes 4. Camptotecin derivatives CANCER: Carcinoma: This type of cancer derived from epithelial cells. It represents breast, lung, prostrate, colon and pancreas cancer. Sarcoma: This type of malignant tumor arises from transformed cells of of connective tissue. This tumor is made of cartilage, fat, vascular, cancellous bone and hematopoietic tissue. Leukemia and Lymphoma: These two malignant tumors derived from hematopoietic (blood forming cells ). Germ cell tumor: It is derived from germ cells. It may be malignant or benign. Germ normally found in the ovary and testis. Blastoma : It is common in children. It is a tumor that resembles an immature or embryonic tissue. ( eg . Nephroblastoma, medulloblastoma etc ).