Chapter - 5, Acids, Bases and Salts, Science, Class 7

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Chapter - 5, Acids, Bases and Salts, Science, Class 7

ACIDS
EXAMPLES OF ACIDS
ACIDS - FOUND IN
BASE (ALKALINE)
EXAMPLES OF BASE
BASE - FOUND IN
NEUTRAL SUBSTANCE
INDICATORS
EXAMPLES OF INDICATOR
NATURAL INDICATOR (LITMUS)
TURMERIC (NATURAL INDICATOR)
CHINA ROSE
PHENOLPHTHALEIN INDICATOR 
NEUTRALISATION
NEUTRALIZATION IN EVERYDAY LIFE
INDIGESTION
ANT BITE
SOIL TREATMENT
FACTORY WASTES

Every topic of this chapter is well written concisely and visuals will help you in understanding and imagining the practicality of all the topics.

By Shivam Parmar (Entrepreneur)

1. CHAPTER-5
ACIDS, BASES & SALTS
BY SHIVAM PARMAR
(ENTREPRENEUR)

2. •Anacidis a chemical substance
that has a sour taste.
•Many food items such as
lemons, curd, vinegar and
orange taste sour because of the
presence of acid in them.
•Acidic Substancesare the
substances that contain acid in
them.
ACIDS

3. EXAMPLES OF ACIDS
•Lemon juice
•Orange juice
•Vinegar
•Curd
•Tamarind
•Amla
•Unripe Mango
•Grapes

5. BASE
(ALKALINE)
Base bitter to taste
Soapy to touch
Bases are found in differentsubstances
such as bleach,ammonia, washing
powder andsoap.

6. EXAMPLES OF
BASE
DETERGENT BAKING SODA DRAIN CLEANER
ANTACID BASE AMMONIA
SOPS(HAND, DISH)
LIME WATER

7. NAME OF BASE
-FOUND IN
Sodium hydroxide-Soaps
Calcium hydroxide-Lime Water
Ammonium hydroxide-Window
cleaners
Magnesium hydroxide-Milk of magnesia

8. NEUTRAL SUBSTANCE
Neutral Substanceis any
substance which is neither acidic
nor basic in nature. Examples are
pure water, table salt, sugar
solution etc.

9. INDICATORS
•We cannot taste every object and find its
nature. Therefore, we use indicators.
•An indicator is a substance that can
determine if another substance is acidic or
basic in nature.
•The indicators indicate the presence of an
acid or base in a substance by changing their
colour.

10. EXAMPLES OF
INDICATOR
Litmus (paper/solution)
Turmeric
China rose
Phenolphthalein Indicator

11. NATURAL
INDICATOR
(LITMUS)
Litmus: A natural indicator
It is extracted from lichens. It has a purple
colour in distilled water.
When added to an acidic solution, it turns red
andwhen added to basic solution it turns
blue.
Generally, it is available as red and bluelitmus
paper.

12. LITMUS PAPER

13. TURMERIC
(NATURAL
INDICATOR)
•To use turmeric as an indicator it is generally mixed with
water to form a paste which is then put on blotting paper
and dried to form thin strips of turmeric paper.
•The turmeric paper is then put into the solutions in order
to determine their acidic or basic nature.

14. TURMERIC(NATURALINDICATOR)

15. CHINAROSE
China Rose petals are kept in warm water and a coloured solution is
obtained. This coloured solution is used as an indicator to identify the
acidic or basic nature of substances.

16. PHENOLPHTHALEIN INDICATOR
Phenolphthalein is a synthetic
indicator which is colourless in acid
solution but turns pink to red as the
solution becomes alkaline(basic).

17. NEUTRALISATION
When an acidic solution is mixed
witha basic solution, both the
solutionsneutralise the effect of
each other.
the reaction between an acid and a
base isknown as neutralisation.
Salt and water areproduced in this
process with the evolutionof heat.

18. NEUTRALIZATIONINEVERYDAYLIFE
1. Indigestion -
During indigestion, taking milk of magnesia (magnesium hydroxide)
gives us relief as it neutralizes the effect of excess acid produced inside
the stomach.

19. 2. Ant Bite -
The effect of ant sting which is caused by formic acid can be neutralized by
rubbing moist baking soda (basic in nature).
3. Soil Treatment -
Plants do not grow well when the soil is either tooacidic or too
basic.When the soil istoo acidic, it is treated with bases likequick lime
(calcium oxide) or slakedlime (calcium hydroxide). If the soilis basic,
organic matter is added toit. Organic matter releases acidswhich
neutralises the basic nature ofthe soil.

20. 4. Factory wastes -
The wastes of many factoriescontain acids. If they are allowed to flow in to
the water bodies, the acids will kill fish and other organisms. The factory
wastes are, thererfore, neutralised by adding basic substances.

21. Thank you