Chapter – 9 Environment and sustainable development.pptx

Chapter – 9 Environment and sustainable development.pptx

1. Chapter – 9 Environment and Sustainable Development Anoop Saini vb

2. Environment Meaning of Environment: It is defined as all those conditions and their effects which influence human life. It includes biotic components such as plants, animals etc and abiotic components such as water, air etc.

3. Significance of environment It offers resources for production: Like minerals, wood, iron, gold, soil, water and others. It sustains life: Environment includes essential ingredients to sustain the life such as air, water, sun etc. It assimilates wastes: Garbage produced by production and consumption activities are absorbed by Environment. It enhances quality of life: Environment includes rivers, oceans, mountains and deserts.

4. Environmental Crisis ‘Environmental Crisis’ occurs when carrying capacity of the environment is challenged (or exceeded) through excessive exploitation of natural resources or when generation of wastes exceeds the absorptive capacity of the environment. Carrying capacity of environment : It refers to the state of balance between the rate at which natural resources are exploited and the rate at which these resources are regenerated. Absorptive capacity of the environment : It refers to ability of the environment to absorb wastes occurring due to production and consumption activities in the economy.

5. Causes of Environmental Crisis Population explosion Widespread poverty Increasing urbanization Increasing use of insecticides, pesticides & chemical fertilizers Rapid industrialization Multiplicity of transport vehicles Disregarded to the civic norms

6. Global warming Global warming: I refers to gradual, but consistent increase in the global temperature due to environment pollution and deforestation. Owing to emission of Greenhouse gases (Carbon dioxide in particular, along with methane and other such gases), the earth’s surface is becoming increasingly warmer, showing a rise of 0.6 Degree Celsius during the past century. The major reasons for emission of greenhouse gases are: Burning of coal and petroleum products (emitting C0 2 , methane, nitrous oxide) Deforestation Increased cattle production

7. State of environment in India India has abundant natural resources. The country has rich deposits of bauxite, copper, chromate, diamonds, gold, lignite, zinc, uranium and accounts for nearly 8% of the world’s iron ore reserves But, contrasting it, India is the habitat of nearly 18% of the world’s population. The environment degradation in India points to a paradoxical situation in the country. The major reasons are: Poverty Expanding production activity

8. Major concerns of Environment degradation in I ndia Degradation of Land: It means loss of fertility of land which occurs due to inappropriate use of land or. It happens due to following reasons: Excessive grazing Forest fire Use of agro chemicals etc. Air pollution: Occurs in the form of poisonous gases. Water pollution and management of freshwater: Loss of biodiversity Solid waste management

9. Sustainable Development Meaning: It is the process of growth which fulfils the needs of present generation without challenging the ability of the future generation to fulfils their needs. Strategies for sustainable development Reliance on non-conventional sources of energy LPG or Gobar gas in rural areas CNG in urban areas Wind power and Solar power Mini – hydel plants Traditional knowledge and practices Biopest control

10. Thank You