chapter1-introductiontomediainformationliteracy-200902105603.pptx

MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY

1. INTRODUCTION TO MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY Chapter 1

2. What is COMMUNICATION? Communication is the process of exchanging information, ideas, thoughts, feelings, and messages between individuals or groups through various channels and mediums. It involves both the transmission and reception of messages and can occur through verbal, non-verbal, written, or visual means.

3. Eight essential components of communication 1.Source – a person, group, or entity that forms, creates, sends, or forwards a message or information 2.Message – the stimulus or meaning produced by the source for the receiver or audience (McLean, 2005) 3.Channel – the tool or manner in which the messages will be carried through from the source to the receiver

4. Eight essential components of communication 4.Receiver – receives the message from the source, analyzing and interpreting the message in ways both intended and unintended by the source (McLean, 2005) 5. Feedback – the message or response of the receiver which is sent back to the source

5. Eight essential components of communication 6. Environment – the atmosphere, physical and psychological, where you send and receive messages (McLean, 2005) 7. Context – the communication interaction involves the setting, scene, and expectations of the individuals involved (McLean, 2005) 8. Interference – anything that blocks or changes the source’s intended meaning of the message (McLean, 2005)

6. Forms of Communication 1. Intrapersonal Communication It is a form of communication with oneself using internal vocalization or reflective thinking (Communication in the Real World, 2010). We exercise intrapersonal communication more often than we consciously remember. We do it every time we quietly decide on what to, when we contemplate on what decisions to make, or even make observations or formulate opinions about the things around us which we keep to ourselves.

7. Forms of Communication 2. Interpersonal Communication Interpersonal communication is a form of communication between two different people who may or may not have a direct relationship with each other but are mutually and actively part of the communication process. Interpersonal communication can be planned or unplanned, but since it is interactive, it is usually more structured and influenced by social expectations (Communication in the Real World, 2010).

8. Forms of Communication 3. Group Communication It is a type of communication between three or more people interacting to achieve a specific objective or certain goal. This form of communication happens often during team-based tasks mostly done in school works or organizational endeavors.

9. Forms of Communication 4. Public Communication This is a sender-focused form of communication in which one person is typically responsible for conveying information to an audience. This form is usually seen during campaigns, speeches, or other public speaking events. Among the other forms of communication discussed so far, this is the most formal, intentional, and goal-oriented type.

10. Forms of Communication 5. Mass Communication Public communication becomes mass communication when it is transmitted to many people through print or electronic media. In the past, print media such as newspapers and magazines and broadcast media like TV and radio have been the most used channels for mass communication. However, in the advent of technology, mass communication has slowly and strategically shifted its medium to the internet world through websites and social media.

11. Role of Media and Information in Communication Media – is the plural form of medium Media is an instrument for transmitting information. Media – the vehicle for a message (books, films, songs, TV Shows, poems, video games, magazines, radio podcasts, music videos, vlogs, newspapers, emails, tweets, posts, letters, traffic signs, graphics, Instagram stories). It may range from print media, broadcast media, film or cinema and new media or the internet (social media). Information – the message we want to convey

12. Role of Media and Information in Communication 1. It makes the world a smaller place Today, the world seemed like a smaller place than before, as through digital media, a person can be connected to anyone else in the world at any given time. Social media platforms brings people from different locations, background, culture, and race together. Today’s media also creates bridges between countries and cultures without having the need to travel physically, all we need is to look something up on the web.

13. Role of Media and Information in Communication 2. It makes communication convenient In the past, communicating to someone from far away meant sending telegrams and snail mails. These modes of transfer compel people to wait for days, weeks, months, and even years before their intended receivers obtain their message. Now, people may communicate without having to wait long through the existence of email and various messaging sites and apps.

14. Role of Media and Information in Communication 3. It shapes public opinion In his book “Setting the Agenda,” Maxwell McCombs explained that mass media shapes public opinion through its wide reach, not to mention the perceived credibility of the media, they can sway the opinion of their audience according to the message they convey. This is perfectly illustrated in surveys conducted before elections. When a TV network broadcasts the results of a recent survey, they do more than just inform the public where their candidates currently stand. They also affect the decision-making process of their listeners or viewers in the upcoming elections. For example, a person who is already thinking about voting for “Candidate A” might suddenly switch to “Candidate B”, if they hear that the latter is leading in the polls. This classic case of jumping on the bandwagon proves the extent of mass media’s influence on public opinion (Gonzales, 2016).

15. MEDIA LITERACY Media literacy is understanding and using mass media in either an assertive or non assertive way, including an informed and critical understanding of media, what techniques they employ and their effect. The ability to read, analyze, evaluate, and produce communication in a variety of media forms, e.g. television, print, radio computer and other.

16. What is information? Information is a broad term that can cover data, knowledge derived from study, experience, or instruction, signals or symbols. In the media world, information is often used to describe knowledge of specific events or situations that has been gathered or receive by communication, intelligence or news.

17. INFORMATION Literacy Information literacy refers to the abilities to recognize when information is needed and to locate, evaluate, effectively use, and communicate information in its various formats.

18. TECHNOLOGY Technology is defined as the science in industry, engineering etc., to invent useful things or to solve problems. Through the years, it has galloped over different phases (For example, from traditional telephones to smartphones, from paper books to electronic books).

19. TECHNOLOGY LITERACY Technology literacy is the responsible means of using various technological tools in order to meet one’s goal in acquiring and giving the right information.

20. MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY Plays and important role in communication and information dissemination. Media and Information will enable us to access, understand and create communications in a variety of contexts in the form of accessing, understanding, and creating media and information.

21. Accessing Media and Information – the use, navigate, manage, store and retrieve content in print, radio and online. Understanding Media and Information – viewers ability to read, deconstruct and evaluate media contexts and motivations. A critique view on quality of material being broadcast and shared. Producing Media and Information – viewers or netizens ability to produce, distribute and publish ideas and information via mainstream media or social media.

22. Media & information play several roles. THEY : act as channels of information and knowledge through which citizens communicate with each other and make informed decisions, facilitate informed debates between diverse social actors. provide us with much of what we learn about the world beyond our immediate experience.

23. are means by which a society learns about itself and builds a sense of community. function as a watchdog of government in all its forms, promoting transparency in public life and public scrutiny of those with power through exposing corruption, misadministration and corporate mistakes. Are essential facilitators of democratic processes and one of the guarantors of free and fair elections.

24. BASIC CONCEPTS Media construct our culture . Our society and culture – even our perception of reality – is shaped by the information and images we receive via the media. Media messages affect our thoughts, attitudes and action. All of us are affected by advertising, news, movies, pop music, video games and other forms of media.

25. 3. Media use “the language of persuasion”. All media messages try to persuade us to believe or to do something. News, documentary films, and nonfiction books all claim to be telling the truth. 4. Media construct fantasy worlds . Movies, TV shows and music videos sometimes inspire people to do things that are unwise, anti-social or even dangerous.

26. 5. No one tells the whole story. Every media maker has a point of view. Every good story highlights some information and leaves out the rest. 6. Media messages contain “texts” and “subtexts”. The text is the actual words, pictures and/or sounds in a media message. The subtext is the hidden and underlying meaning of the message. 7. Media messages reflect the values and viewpoints of media maker. Our values and viewpoints influence our choice of words, sounds and images we use to communicate through media.

27. 8. Individuals construct their own meanings from media. Although media makers attempt to convey specific messages, people receive and interpret them differently, based on their own prior knowledge and experience, their values and their beliefs. 9. Media messages can be decoded. By “deconstructing” media, we can figure out who created the message, and why. We can identify the techniques of persuasion being used and recognize how media makers are trying to influence us. We notice what parts of the story are not being told, and how we can become better informed.

28. 10. Media literate youth and adults are active consumers of media. Media literacy helps people consume media with a critical eye, evaluating sources, intended purposes, persuasion techniques and deeper meanings.

29. ARTICLE 19 OF THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS states that , ‘Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers (United Nations, 1948). ‘ MIL equips citizens with the necessary competencies to seek and enjoy the full benefits of this fundamental human right.

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