Chemical properties of minerals

For Earth and Life Science Senior High School

1. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MINERALS

2. Chemical properties of minerals show the presence and arrangement of atoms in minerals . Using their chemical properties, minerals are identified by how they react to certain substances.

3. 1. SILICATE CLASS - largest group of minerals contains silicon and oxygen, with some aluminum, magnesium, iron an calcium MAFIC (magnesium) FELSIC (feldspar)

4. COMMON EXAMPLES Olivine Pyroxene Amphibole Muscovite Feldspar

5. USES microchips (conductivity) glass and ceramics quartz crystals (vibrations)

6. 2. CARBONATE CLASS - deposited in marine environments shells of dead planktons places with high evaporation rates in karsts and caves in stalactites and stalagmites

7. COMMON EXAMPLES Aragonite Calcite Malachite Aragonite

8. USES carbon paper glass and ceramics rayon soap and detergents soap and detergent livestock mineral supplement soda ash soda ash

9. 3. SULPHATE CLASS - where salty waters slowly evaporate places with high evaporation rates water-sediments

10. COMMON EXAMPLES Barite Gypsum Celestite

11. USES plaster algaecide mineral supplement soap and detergents epsom salt surfactant soda ash soda ash lead-acid battery

12. 4. HALIDE CLASS - contains natural salts in lakes, ponds, and other landlocked seas

13. COMMON EXAMPLES Halite Flourite

14. USES metal-halide lamps soap and detergents soda ash soda ash steel and aluminum fertilizer rock salt

15. 5. OXIDE CLASS - most important class to human civilization carry histories of changes in Earth’s magnetic field precipitates close to Earth’s surface oxidation products during weathering accessory minerals in igneous rocks

16. COMMON EXAMPLES H ematite C orundum

17. USES i norganic sunscreen soap and detergents soda ash soda ash f lame retardant coloring agent Alkali batteries

18. 6. SULPHIDE CLASS - contains most of the economically significant minerals to man includes copper, lead, and zinc

19. COMMON EXAMPLES Acanthite Chalcocite

20. USES p hotocells ( CdS ) soap and detergents soda ash soda ash fungicide infrared sensors ( PbS ) photoluminescent strips in emergency lights ( ZnS )

21. 7. PHOSPHATE CLASS - important biological minerals found in bones and teeth of animals (Phosphorous)

22. COMMON EXAMPLES Turquoise Wavellite Apatite

23. USES phosphate fertilizers soap and detergents soda ash soda ash health nutrients phosphate salts

24. 8. ELEMENT CLASS - contains pure native elements usually metals pure form

25. COMMON EXAMPLES Gold Copper Bismuth

26. USES jewelries, coins soap and detergents soda ash soda ash wires cosmetics pipes, guns, fish sinkers, alloy