Chemistry_Project_Rate_of_Evaporation.pptx

Class 12 chemistry project on the topic" rate of evaporation" it will help you in your project

1. Rate of Evaporation of Liquids Class 12 Chemistry Project Submitted by: [Your Name] School: Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Gandhinagar Submitted to: [Teacher’s Name]

2. Aim To study and compare the rate of evaporation of different liquids under similar conditions.

3. Introduction Evaporation is the process by which molecules in a liquid state gain enough energy to enter the gaseous state. It occurs at all temperatures and increases with surface area, temperature, and air flow. This project studies how the nature of liquid affects the rate of evaporation.

4. Theory The rate of evaporation depends on: 1. Nature of liquid – weaker intermolecular forces increase rate. 2. Surface area – larger area increases evaporation. 3. Temperature – higher temperature increases kinetic energy. 4. Air flow – moving air increases evaporation. Example: Ether > Alcohol > Water

5. Apparatus & Materials • Watch glasses (3–4) • Liquids: Water, Acetone, Ethanol, Ether (or nail polish remover) • Measuring cylinder • Stopwatch • Thermometer • Weighing balance (optional)

6. Procedure 1. Take equal volumes (5 mL) of each liquid in separate watch glasses. 2. Keep them in the same environment away from direct sunlight. 3. Start the stopwatch simultaneously for all liquids. 4. Record the time taken for each to evaporate completely. 5. Ensure same surface area and temperature for all samples.

7. Observations Example Data Table: Liquid | Volume (mL) | Temperature (°C) | Time (min) | Rate (mL/min) ------------------------------------------------------------ Water | 5 | 30 | 60 | 0.083 Ethanol | 5 | 30 | 40 | 0.125 Acetone | 5 | 30 | 25 | 0.200

8. Results The rate of evaporation of different liquids was found in the following order: Acetone > Ethanol > Water Liquids with weaker intermolecular forces evaporate faster.

9. Conclusion The rate of evaporation depends on the nature of liquid and the strength of intermolecular forces. Higher temperature and greater surface area increase evaporation rate. Among tested liquids, acetone evaporated fastest.

10. Bibliography 1. NCERT Chemistry Textbook – Class XII 2. Comprehensive Chemistry Lab Manual – Class XII 3. www.chemguide.co.uk 4. Other educational resources