Child labour.

This presentation focuses on the issue of Child Labour and is useful for school and college projects.

1. Child Labour

2. Contents What is child labour Types of child labour Magnitude of child labour Major sectors of child labour Major causes of child labour Significant consequences of child labour Prevention of Child labour

3. What is Child Labour? It is the employment of children in an industry or business, especially when illegal or considered exploitative . In simple words, child labour can be explained as an act where homeless and needful children are made to work under difficult conditions to earn a living.

4. Types of child labour UNICEF has classified child work into three categories:      Within the Family   Within the Family but outside the Home Outside the Family   Migrant Child Labour Bonded Child Labour Invisible Child Labour.

5. Magnitude of Child Labour. GLOBAL : According to International Labour Organization's Bureau of Statistics (1998), there are 250-million child labourers in the age group 5-14 in the developing countries. Of them, 120 million children are working full time and are engaged in hazardous and exploitative occupations.   

6. Magnitude of Child Labour. INDIA   : In India, according to 1991 census there were 11.29 million child workers. National sample survey figures for the year 1999-2000 indicated that there were 10.4 million child labourers.  

7. Child labour in India

8. MAJOR SECTORS OF CHILD LABOUR Children work as a part of family labour or as wage earners, sometimes as migrant labour. Very often they remain invisible and in bondage. They are found in all the three sectors of the economy i.e. the Agrarian, manufacturing and Service sectors. 

9. AGRARIAN SECTOR In rural area children are engaged in agricultural and allied occupations as a part of family labour or as individual workers. They may work as paid or unpaid workers in different forms:  Migrant Labour   Invisible Labour Bonded Labour

10. MANUFACTURING SECTOR Children are engaged in various manufacturing process of different Home-based industries such as Brassware, Lock, Match and Fire works etc . Very often they work in sub-human conditions and in exploitative situation. They  may be working as:  Migrant Labour  Invisible Labour  Wage Labour  Self employed children

11. SERVICE  SECTOR Self-employed Labour  Invisible Labour  Wage-based employment

12. CAUSES OF CHILD LABOUR Poverty Parental illiteracy Tradition of making children learn the family skills Absence of universal compulsory Primary education Social apathy and tolerance of child labour Ignorance of the parents about the adverse consequences of Child labour

13. Causes of Child Labour Ineffective enforcement of the legal provisions pertaining to child labour Non-availability of and non-accessibility to schools Irrelevant and non-attractive school curriculum Employers prefer children as they constitute cheap labour and they are not able to organize themselves  against  exploitation.

14. Consequences of Child L abour. Stunted growth of future generation Inability to harness human resources Inability to contribute to development Inability to benefit from development Adult unemployment Contd.

15. Consequences of Child L abour. Persistence of child labour Perpetuation of economic inequality Increased abuse of children Increased illiteracy Perpetuation of poverty Contd.

16. Consequences of Child L abour. Malnourished and sick citizens Perpetuation of ill treatment Wasted human resources Wasted human talents and skills Scientists, artists and persons of eminence lost to child labour

17. Prevention of child labour. Steps that government should undertake – • Help children understand their rights and the importance of education. • Stop children from working in dangerous places. • Help working children to leave work and go to school or be trained. • Raise awareness about the dangers of child labor to children’s development.

18. Learn about your rights and, in particular, your right to peace and education. • Participate in peace-building projects. • Promote education and skills training needs of adolescents and youth. • Organize discussions at home and in school. • Commemorate the World Day Against Child Labor on 12 June each year Steps that young people and children can undertake –

19. Credits Teacher – Ppt. Made by – Ayush Dubey Group Members- Rajat goyal Siddhanth pruthi Akshat sharma Bharat Vishal yadav

20. Thank You!