Chinese basic grammar for special program in foreign language-chinese mandarin

JOELYAP12 7 views 25 slides Aug 31, 2025
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About This Presentation

Contains explanation on Chinese basic grammar and examples


Slide Content

CHINESE Basic Grammar

Question Formation: The 吗 question Sentence = Subject + Predicate Affirmative Interrogative Subject + Predicate Subject + Predicate + 吗 你好! 你好吗 ?

Question Formation: The interrogative word 吗 can be answered In an affirmative or negative form. ANSWER QU ESTION 你是中国人吗 ? 我 是中国人 。 我不是中国人。我是非鲁宾人。

Question Formation: The interrogative word 吗 can be answered In an affirmative or negative form. ANSWER QU ESTION 你 叫大卫吗? 我 是 大卫。 我不是大卫。我是叶英杰。

Question Formation: The 呢 question A. 你好! B. 你好! A. 你好吗 ? B. 我很好你呢? A. 我也很好!

The adverb 也 Subject + Predicate Pronoun Adverb + Adjective 我 也很 好

The adverb 也 Subject + Predicate Pronoun Adverb + verb 我 也 是

The adverb 也 1. It is usually placed before the verb. Affirmative sentence 我是中国人,她 __________.

The adverb 也 2. When used with other adverbs, it is usually placed before the other adverb, verb or adjective. Negative sentence 大卫不是医生,我 __________.

The sentence 是 The verb to be Name and nationality 我是 _______________.

The sentence 是 Negative form of 是 1. 我 老师 是 不 我不是老师。 2. 中国人 我 不 是 我不是中国人。

The structural particle 的 的 is placed immediately after a p ossessor or owner 我 的 书包 妈妈 的 手机

The structural particle 的 A very common way to modify nouns i s to attach an adjective to them using 的 漂亮的衣服 Adjective + 的 + noun 便宜的手机

The structural particle 的 In some cases, it is possible to drop the noun from the pattern and just use the Adjective + 的。 This is kind of like saying “the big one” or “the red one” in English. Just be sure the other person is already clear which “one” you’re referring to when using this pattern. 他喜欢吃什么东西? 甜的!

The 有 sentence A verb, meaning “to have”, its n egative form is 没有 。 我有手机。 我没有钱。 你有课吗? Affirmative Negative Interrogative

The 有 sentence In its negative form, no numerical classifier compound can be used before the object. 我有一本书。 我没有一本书。 我没有书。

Measure Words Are used between the numerals and nouns. Number Measure Word Noun 一 两 五 十 四 本 个 只 狗 双 鞋 张 票 书 学生

The interrogative sentence With interrogative pronoun Is used to ask persons Is used to ask about object Is used to ask number 谁 什么 几

Q: 他是谁? Q: 这是什么? Q: 你家有几口人? 谁 什么 几 A: 他是老师。 A: 这是地图。 A: 我家有六口人。

Q: 这是谁的书? Q: 你爸爸做什么工作? Q: 你几岁? 谁 什么 几 A: 这是我的书。 A: 他是医生。 A: 我七岁。

Q: 你家有几口人? Q: 你们班有多少个学生? 几 ( <10) 几 and 多少 can both be used to ask about amount A: 我家有六口人。 A: 我们班有二十九个学生。 多少 ( ≥ 10)

The affirmative-negative question : The affirmative-negative questions are formed when the person who ask such question is not inclined to a certain answer. 2. The answer may either be an affirmative or negative one.

Sentence Pattern Question Answer V+ 不(没) +V 你是不是美国人? 我是美国人。 我不是美国人。 你吃不吃包子? 我吃包子。 我不吃包子。 你有没有地图? 我有地图。 我没有地图。

The sentence with verbal structure in a Series: A sentence in which two or more verbs or verbal phrases are used as the predicate of the Same subject. 2. In the sentence, the second verb indicates the purpose of the first.

subject Verb 1 Object 1 Verb 2 Object 2 我 去 银行 换 钱 爸爸 宿舍 超市 坐 回 去 我 他 睡觉 买 飞机 去 东西 中国