Chitosan nanoparticle synthesis

Chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle synthesis basic inroduction

1. Chitosan Nanoparticle synthesis J. Uthaya chandirika Research scholar U/G Dr. G. Annadurai Sri Paramakalyani C entre for Environmental S ciences, Manonmaniam S undranar university, Alwarkurichi-Tirunelveli

2. Introduction-Chitin

3. Chitin Chitin is a natural muco polysaccharide and is a major component of arthropod crustacean cells e.g., lobsters, Shrimps and Crabs are common sources of chitin , structural component in the exoskeleton of arthropods are in the cell wall of some fungi and yeast .

4. Chitin… Chitin is an unbranched β (1→4) linked polymer of 2-acetamide-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose.

5. Chitin… Chitin occurs in two forms, α-chitin - found in Fungal and yeast cells, shrimps β-chitin - found in squid pens.

6. Chitin to Chitosan Crustacean shells Size reduction Protein separation (Na OH) Washing demineralization (HCL) Decolouration De acetylation (Na OH) Washing dewatering Chitosan

7. Chitosan Chitosan is positively charged , making it able to adhere to negative charged surface. Chitosan is soluble in diverse acids to interact with polycations to form complexes and Gels. It is safe nontoxic and is biodegradable .

8. Structure of chitin and Chitosan

9. Preparation of Chitosan Nanoparticle Glycial acetic acid 4ml + 296 ml of Distilled H2O Added littlie by littlie in Chitosan 3 gm Added Sodium Tripolyphosphate 2 gm in 200 ml distilled water Freeze 40 c for 24 hrs Precipitate setteled at bottom-collected Hot air oven 50 c 24 hrs dry (CNP)

10. Applications of Chitosan

11. The importance of Chitosan applications in photography is because of its resistance in abrasion, its optical characteristics and film forming and silver complexes are not appreciably retained by Chitosan and therefore can be easily penetrated from one layer to another of film by diffusion. Photography

12. Cosmetics Chitosan has good application in cosmetics, because it is an organic acid and is a good solvent and having fungicidal and fungistatic properties It is the only cationic gum that becomes viscous when neutralized with acid. It is commercially used in creams, lotions, and permanent waving lotion.

13. Chitosan as artificial skin Patients suffering from extensive loss of skin, commonly in fires have found the use of chitosan for treatment on healing and fibroplasias of wounds caused by scalpel insertions in skin and subcutaneous tissue. Artificial skin applicable to long term chronic use, nonantigenic membrane.

14. Chitosan based dressings Chitosan has many biomedical properties mainly on dressings Surgical dressing made of chitosan-gelatin complex.

15. Food and nutrition Many animals and humans have lactose intolerance effect, in animals such as cow the whey production showed considerable increase by small supplement of chitosan as feed, which improved change in intestinal microflora as well as in chickens, 2-0.5% chitosan supplement improved weight gain

16. Opthamology Chitosan possesses all characters of contact lens such as optical clarity, mechanical stability, sufficient optical correction, gas permeability, wettability and immunological compatibility. Contact lens made from chitosan show modulus, tensile strength, tear strength, elongation, oxygen permeability, thus suitable for development of ocular bandage lenses

17. Water engineering Metal capture from waste water: Chitosan N- benzylsulfonate derivatives were used as sorbents for the metal ions in acidic medium and chitosan has a natural selectivity for heavy metal ions, removal of Cu2+, Hg2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+,has been enhanced by adsorption parameters of chitosan , in which metal ions preferably absorbed on the outer surface of chitosan .

18. Colour removal from textile dye Chitosan has a unique molecular structure and has extremely has high affinity has many classes of dyes including disperse, direct, reactive, acid, vat, sulfur , and napthal dyes. The effect of temperature, pH significantly causes adsorption of dyes and adsorption rate is enhanced by loading thermodynamics, which indicates whether the reaction is favoured.

19. Paper finishing Chitosan impart wet strength to paper, hydroxymethyl chitosan and other water soluble derivatives are useful additives in paper making and provide better finish paper properties

20. Solid state batteries Chitosan is a biopolymer which can provide ionic conductivity when dissolved in acetic acid the conductivity is due to the presence of protons from acetic acid, transport of this proton occurs through many microvoids in polymer since the dielectric constants from piezoelectric studies are small the choice of electrode material will provide better battery system.

21. fluorescent Rhodamine dye gets attached to the chitosan nanoparticles by the interaction between the amino groups of chitosan nanoparticles forming fluorescent chitosan nanoparticles . The prepared fluorescent chitosan nanoprobe could be used for cell imaging applications in near future.

22. Drug delivery system Controlled release technology useful for predictable and reproducible release of an agent in a particular environment over an extended period of time which creates optimal response, minimum side effects, prolonged efficacy, release dosage forms and reliability of drug therapy Biodegradable polymers such as chitosan have been found useful because of slow and controllable diffusion through polymeric materials.

23. Chitin and chitosan tablets Chitin and chitosan used in pharmaceutical industries as diluents because of its versatility.

24. Modification of chitosan Chitosan can be modified by physical and chemical methods to improve the mechanical and chemical properties.

25. Conclusion