Civil Engineering Measurment

Civil Engineer

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Firstly I would like to express my gratitude with all my heart to Almighty god for giving me the
courage and the strength to complete this assignment.
As far as I concern I think it is my fortune following the course Quantity Surveyor at British
College of Applied Studies. I think BCAS is one of the institute seeks to give the best and updated
knowledge in theory and practice in the fields. This is the place where all the students’ future is
lightened up.
Success behind the institution is always the result of the hard and dedicated services and of all
he personnel guiding its destinies.
Behind all of this there is always a person who guides the institution in cable manner, a
person who was encouraging us to do this report in a correct manner, so my first gratitude goes Mr.
N. Sriskanda Raja who was instructing us in a friendly manner to achieve the target while fulfilling
our knowledge.

Thank you.

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CONTENT


ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ........................................................................................................................................................... 1
CONTENT ................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................................................... 3
TASK-01 ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1 IDENTIFY THE NEED FOR STANDARD METHOD OF MEASUREMENT (SMM) FOR MEASUREMENT OF
CIVIL ENGINEERING WORKS. ..................................................................................................................................... 4
1.2 ILLUSTRATE WHY SMM FOR BUILDING PROJECT ARE UNSUITABLE FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING WORK. 5
TASK-03 ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 6
PRELIMINARIES ....................................................................................................................................................................... 6
PREAMBLE CLAUSES.............................................................................................................................................................. 7
3.2 PREPARE TWO SPECIFICATION NOTES FOR THE MEASURED WORKS AND ATTACH WITH THE REPORT
(MAKE USE OF APPROPRIATE REFERENCES TO WRITE SPECIFICATION AND CLEARLY STATE THEM).. 8
3.3 IDENTIFY THE KEY DIFFERENCES OF BILLS OF QUANTITIES OF CIVIL ENGINEERING WORK TO THAT OF
BUILDING WORK............................................................................................................................................................ 9
CONCLUSION .......................................................................................................................................................................... 10
REFERENCES........................................................................................................................................................................... 11

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INTRODUCTION

As a quantity surveyor in the construction industry, taking measurement for civil engineering works is
little different from the measurement procedures of Building works. For the civil engineering works,
we apply that CESSM3 to take off the quantities. this report mainly covers that importance to have a
separate SMM for civil engineering works, differences between the BOQ of building project and Civil
engineering project, Preliminary bill for Plastic water stops in water storage tank and Pipe
specification for selected alternative material for uPVC, what are the key differences of Bill of
Quantities of civil engineering work to that of building work.
Under civil engineering works, we covered roads, bridges, irrigation system, power plants,
railways, Tunnels, water and Sewerage treatment plants, ports and airports, water supply.

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TASK-01
1.1 IDENTIFY THE NEED FOR STANDARD METHOD OF
MEASUREMENT (SMM) FOR MEASUREMENT OF
CIVIL ENGINEERING WORKS.

The main purpose of the measurement based on CESMM is for coordinating and planning of the
quantity list, to list the details of work to ensure consistency and systematic and to state the new
techniques of construction clearly. In other words CESMM-3 is to set forth the procedure according to
which the Bill of Quantities shall be prepared and priced and the quantities of work measured and
expressed.
CESSM-3 is intended to be used in conjunction with the Condition of Contract and only in connection
with civil Engineering works and Simple building works incidental to civil engineering work.
CESSM-3 also seeks to attain the objects principally by the use of the Classification. This defines;
 How work is to be divided into separate items in the BOQ.
 The information to be given in item description.
 The units in which the quantities against each item are to be expressed.
 How the work is to be measured for the purpose of calculating quantities.

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1.2 ILLUSTRATE WHY SMM FOR BUILDING PROJECT
ARE UNSUITABLE FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING WORK.

 Civil engineering works cover that infrastructure such as road works, bridge, railway, tunnels,
culverts, ports and airports etc. for what structure is totally different from the building works’
structure.
 Higher skill and technology is needed to measure the civil engineering works using CESSM.
 When we write the descriptions for civil engineering works, necessary points should be
included such as specifications of drawings to find the cost.
 Various stages of introducing CESMM classification or space for description of the work that
can be developed.
 Provides a standard format, either in the form of items components and how they should be
measured.
 CESMM measurement method using the concept of method-related charges to present the
cost of construction at the site in more obvious, such as covering the cost of site preparation
and building machinery operating costs, labor force and so on.
So, of these reasons only the SMM is not suitable for Civil Engineering Measurements.

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TASK-03

PRELIMINARIES

Introduction
Preliminary bill is the first bill in any BOQ whether in building measurement works or civil
engineering measurements work. It will contain the details and cost of non-measured work items.
Under this task the preliminaries bill for the proposed access retaining wall and pump house is given.
General items (Preliminaries)
A1 – Allocate a lump sum for the temporary road constructions and related activities
A2 – Provide a lump sum for arranging the sign boards in retaining wall construction
A3 –Allocate a lump sum to construct the temporary office rooms and facilities for the site
officers
A4 – Provide a lump sum to arrange the temporary huts to park the machineries used in the site
A5 – Contractor shall allocate a lump sum to arrange the heating plants
A6 –Contractor shall allocate a lump sum to arrange the safety cones along the retaining wall
construction area
A7 - Contractor shall allocate a lump sum to provide the safety instrument to the workers
A8 - Allocate a lump sum to gain the insurance policy on the site workers
A9 – Provide a lump sum to transport the water to the site
A10 – Contractor shall allocate a lump sum to transfer the material to place to place.
A11 - Provide & maintain temporary accommodation & toilets for the Contractor's staff &
watertight sheds for the storage of materials and tools, and for the use of workmen
employed at the site with the position agreed with the Supervising Officer. Alter, shift, and
adopt same as necessary from time to time.
A12 - Provide clean fresh water for the drinking& works, pay all charges in connection therewith,
provide all temporary storage, plumbing service connections etc. & clear away and make good on
completion.

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PREAMBLE CLAUSES

Excavation And Earthworks
 Before commencing work on the site the Contractor is to inform the Consultants and ascertain
the extent of the site clearing required.
 Materials arising from site clearance and excavations are to become the property of the
Contractor except where otherwise provided. Remove from site as work proceeds. Where
specified for re‐use protect from damage, clean and overhaul. Burning on site will not be
permitted. Keep all excavated vegetable soil separated from excavated sub‐soil.
 All back earth excavated shall be deposited in spoil for re‐use as directed by the Consultants.
 Should the Contractor excavate to a great depth or width than shown on the Drawings, or
instructed by the Consultants, he shall, at his own expense, fill such greater depth or width of
excavation with approved crushed rock laterite or approved hardcore well consolidated as
later described or mass concrete not weaker than Grade 15 strength as specified under
“CONCRETE WORK” of the instructions of the Consultants.
 The Contractor is to report to the Consultants when the excavations are ready to receive the
concrete foundations and is to obtain his approval of the excavations before the concrete is
deposited.

Filling
 Backfilling around foundations and filling under floor and the like to make up level is to be
selected material arising from the excavations unless otherwise described.
 Laterite shall be approved rock laterite unless otherwise described and the contractor shall
submit samples to the Consultant for approval stating the source of supply before delivery to
site.
 Sand for filling shall be free from salt and other deleterious impurities and the contractor shall
submit samples to the Consultant for approval stating the source of supply before delivery to
site.
 The whole of the excavation work (including external works) shall be carried out so as to
ensure the most economic ‘balancing’ of spoil, eg. If surplus soil results from the excavation
of one portion of the work, that portion shall be excavated in good time to enable the surplus
to be re‐ used elsewhere in positions where ‘filling’ is required. Similarly spoil shall not be
carted away from the site if it may later be required on site for filling purposes.

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3.2 PREPARE TWO SPECIFICATION NOTES FOR THE
MEASURED WORKS AND ATTACH WITH THE REPORT
(MAKE USE OF APPROPRIATE REFERENCES TO WRITE
SPECIFICATION AND CLEA RLY STATE THEM).

DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING
1. Concrete Retaining Wall Units and Accessories: Deliver, store, and handle materials in
accordance with manufacturer's recommendations, in such a manner as to prevent damage.
Check the materials upon delivery to assure that proper material has been received. Store
above ground on wood pallets or blocking. Remove damaged or otherwise unsuitable
material, when so determined, from the site.
a) Exposed faces of concrete wall units shall be free of chips, cracks, stains, and other
imperfections detracting from their appearance, when viewed from a distance of 10
feet.
b) Prevent mud, wet cement, adhesives and similar materials that may harm appearance
of units, from coming in contact with system components.
2. Geosynthetics (including geosynthetic reinforcement, geotextile filter, pre-fabricated drainage
composite) shall be delivered, stored, and handled in accordance with CESMM 3

EXCAVATION
Excavate to the lines and grades shown on the Drawings. Over-excavation not approved by the
[Architect] [Engineer] [Owner (or Owner's representative)] will not be paid for by the Owner.
Replacement of these soils with compacted fill and/or wall system components will be required at the
Contractor's expense. Use care in excavating to prevent disturbance of the base beyond the lines
shown.

FOUNDATION PREPARATION
1. Excavate foundation soil as required for footing or base dimension shown on the Drawings, or
as directed by the Project geotechnical engineer.
2. The Project geotechnical engineer will examine foundation soil to ensure that the actual
foundation soil strength meets or exceeds that indicated on the Drawings. Remove soil not
meeting the required strength. Oversize resulting space sufficiently from the front of the block
to the back of the reinforcement, and backfill with suitable compacted backfill soils.
3. The Project geotechnical engineer will determine if the foundation soils will require special
treatment or correction to control total and differential settlement.
4. Fill over-excavated areas with suitable compacted backfill, as recommended by the Project
geotechnical engineer.

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3.3 IDENTIFY THE KEY DIFFERENCES OF BILLS OF
QUANTITIES OF CIVIL ENGINEERING WORK TO THAT
OF BUILDING WORK.

Bill of quantities is the document which shows the quantities and the cost of construction items. After
the process of taking off, bill of quantities is prepared. It provides the final cost of a construction
project.
The main function of a bill of quantities is to enable prices to be obtained for the project on a uniform
basis and precise dimensions cannot always be prepared at the ‘taking-off’ stage. The quantities
should always be as accurate as the drawings and other data permit but they will be adjusted following
the re-measurement of the completed work on the site and the work, as executed, valued at billed or
comparable rates, on what is often termed a ‘measure and value contract’
 The BOQs are prepared according to the measurement rules of SMM7 in building works,
while the BOQs of civil engineering works are prepared according to the CESMM3.
 There is often more locational and method-related information presented in civil engineering
bills and contractors require considering these factors in assessing their rates for the work.
 The details of building works are usually in a far more precise stage at the time of preparing
the bill of quantities than is the case with civil engineering works.
 In civil engineering, most of the work will be subject to re-measurement and the bill
quantities are merely considered as estimated. The items under CESMM3 rules are generally
quite brief and the bill is much less of a stand-alone document than is the case with building
bills, thus the tendering contractor will require to refer frequently to the drawings and
specification in order to amplify the bill items for pricing purposes.
 The high risk is also always there with civil engineering works because of uncertainty. It is
difficult to predict the situations that can be occur when carrying out the construction work, as
those can be underground works. So there is a greater chance of changing the preliminary
estimated costs in the BOQ. But there is not that kind of risk in building works.
 In civil engineering works there are massive temporary structures so the pricing risk is high.
But in building woks there isn’t that kind of temporary structures and there will not be that
kind of pricing risk.
 The variations are high in civil engineering works because of uncertainty and complexity of
projects. But in building works the variations are less comparatively and even if the variations
are occurred it will be according to client’s requirements.

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CONCLUSION

The Civil Engineering Standard Method of Measurements provides a uniform basis for measuring
works and embodies the essentials of good practice.
They comprise items of significant cost which, because of their relevance to many items,
cannot be properly included in the unit rates hence preliminary items are priced separately and
individually we must depend on them for a successful completion of the project.
The preliminary bill describes the nature and extends of the work the type of contract and all
factors affecting the physical execution of the works.
In connection with contractual obligations, the content and extent of the work may not be
defined with responsibility for existing defects and condition of the project being under dispute at a
later stage. Bills of Quantities shall fully describe and accurately represent the quantity and quality of
the works to be carried out.

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REFERENCES

 Ivor H. Seeley & George P. Murry (2001) Civil Engineering Quantities: 6
th
.ed. Palgrave.
 Institution of civil Engineers and Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors. (1991). Civil
Engineering Standard Method of Measurement, 3
rd
ed., CESMM3. Telford
 Standard Method of Measurement of Building works, Seventh Edition Revised 1998 (London:
RICS Books, 1998)
 J. Andrew Willis. BSc, FRICS, DipArb, ACIArb. Eleventh Edition. Specification Writing for
Architects and surveyors
 http://www.scurlockindustries.com/boxclvrt.html
 www.cidb.org.za/document
 hubpages.com/hub/Specification-for-Road-bitumen Work