Class 10 Civics NCERT Solution Chapter 2 Federalism

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About This Presentation

Chapter 2 of Class 10 Civics is titled "Federalism." This chapter explains the concept of federalism as a system of governance where power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units, such as states or provinces. It discusses the features of federalism, its signifi...


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NCERT
SolutionsSolutions Solutions
CIVICS
For Revised Syllabus Session 2024-25Artham
Resource Material
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Chapter 2
Federalism

Q.1 Locate the following states on a blank outline political map of India:
Manipur, Sikkim, Chhattisgarh and Goa.
Ans.: The political map of india with given states is as follows:

Q.2 Identify and Shade three federal countries (Other than India) on a
blank outline political map of the world.
Ans.: Three federal countries other than India are:


Q.3 Point out one feature in the practice of federalism in India that is
similar to and one feature that is different from that of Belgium.
Ans.: The similarity between Indian and Belgium federalism is that both
have a feature of holding together federation which means in this type of
federal structure states did not have any right to secede from the union.
The difference between Indian and Belgium federalism is that state
government is subordinate to the central government but this is not the
case with the Belgian government. In Belgium, both centre and state
government are of equal status.

Q.4 What is the main difference between a federal form of government
and a unitary one? Explain with an example.
Ans.: Differences between a federal government and a unitary
government is as follows:
a) In a federal form of government, the central government shares its
powers with the various Constituent units of the country whereas In
unitary form of government either there is only one level of government
or the sub-units are subordinate to the central government
b) In the federal form of government, the central government cannot order
the state government to do something or take any action whereas the
central government can pass on orders to the provincial or the local
government
c) Examples of central government are India, USA and Canada
Whereas, examples of unitary government are China, U.K, France

Q.5 State any two differences between the local government before and
after the constitutional amendment in 1992.
Ans.: a) Before the constitutional amendment in 1992 the elections were
not held at a regular interval whereas after the constitutional amendment
the local government bodies elections were made constitutionally
mandatory to be held at regular interval of time

b) Before the constitutional amendment in 1992 the local governments did
not have their own power and resources but after 1992 constitutional
amendment there is sharing of powers and revenues from the state
government to local government bodies

Q.6 Fill in the blanks:
Since the United States is a …(a)……. type of federation, all the
constituent states have equal powers and states are ……(b)…….vis –a-
vis the federal government. But India is a ………(c)….. type of federation
and some states have more power than others. In India, the ……(d)…..
government has more powers.
Ans.:
(a) coming together
(b) strong
(c) holding together
(d) Central

Q.7 Here are three reactions to the language policy followed in India.
Give an argument and an example to support any of these positions:
Sangeeta : the policy of accommodation has strengthened national unity.
Arman : Language-based states have divided us by making everyone
conscious of their language.
Harish : This policy has only helped to consolidate the dominance of
English over all other languages.
Ans.: From above given all the three reactions Sangeeta’s reaction is best
because of our policy of accomodation the unity in our nation has been
strengthened. There are many other countries in this world like Sri Lanka,
where the language of the majority has been promoted. In our country,
there is equal status given to all the major languages that are being spoken
in various parts of our country.

This policy of accommodation not only eliminated the conflicts between
groups but also made the administration easier. Due to this policy of
accommodation there is a larger participation in the government’s
activities by people who speak various languages.

Q.8 The distinguishing features of a federal government is:
(i) National government gives some powers to the provincial
governments.
(ii) Power is distributed among the legislature, executive and judiciary.
(iii) Elected officials exercise supreme power in the government.
(iv) Governmental power is divided between different levels of
government.
Ans.: We know that, federal government is that form of government in
which the government if formed of three branches legislative, executive
and judiciary and hence the governmental power is divided between these
different levels of government.
Therefore option (iv) is correct


Q.9 A few subjects in various Lists of the Indian Constitution are given
here. Group them under the Union, State and Concurrent Lists as Provided
in the table below
A. Defence;
B. Police;
C. Agriculture;
D. Education;
E. Banking;
F. Forests;
G. Communications;
H. Trade;
I. Marriages;

Ans.:
Following table shows the grouping of subject with their respective lists:
Union List Defence, Banking, Communications
State List Polica, Agriculture, Trade
Concurrent List Education, Forests, Marriages

Q.10 Examine the following pairs that give the level of government in
India and the powers of the government at that level to make laws on the
subjects mentioned against each Which of the following pairs is not
correctly matched?
a. State government State List
b. Central Government Union List
c. Central & States Government Concurrent List
d. Local Government Residuary Powers
Answer :
The residuary powers of legislation are vested in Parliament. The framers
of the Constitution had placed matters of national concern in the Union
List and those of purely State or local significance in the State List.
Matters that are of common interest to the States and the Union were
placed in the Concurrent List
Hence, option (d) is not correctly matched

Q.11 Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the
codes given below the lists:
List I List II
1. Union of India A. Prime Minister
2. State B. Sarpanch
3. Municipal Corporation C. Governer
4. Gram Panchayat D. Mayor

A. 1-D, 2-A, 3-B, 4-C
B. 1-B, 2-C, 3-D, 4-A
C. 1-A, 2-C, 3-D, 4-B
D. 1-C, 2-D, 3-A, 4-B
Answer :
Correct answers of the above given list are:
This list is matching with the Power of Attorney in specific Area.
Union of India : Prime Minister
State : Governor
Municipal Corporation : Mayor
Gram Panchayat : Sarpanch
Hence, option (c) is correct

Q.12 Consider the following statements:
A) In a federation the powers of the federal and provincial governments
are clearly demarcated.
B) India is a federation because the Power of the Union and the State
Governments are specified in the Constitution and they have exclusive
jurisdiction on their respective subjects.
C) Sri Lanka is a federation because the country is divided into provinces.
D) India is no longer a federation because some powers of the states have
been devolved to the statements given above are correct?
A. A, B and C

B. A, C and D
C. A and B only
D. B and C only
Ans.: We know that in a federal government is that form of government
in which the government if formed of three branches legislative, executive
and judiciary and powers of federal and provincial governments are
clearly demarcated. Also, in a federal country like India the powers of
state and central are being specified in the constitution. Therefore, the
statement A and B are correct. Hence, option (c) is correct

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