CLASS OBSERVATION TOOL QUARTER1 2024.pptx

ENGLISH

1. Pluralization Of Irregular Nouns

2. Review: Give the plural form of the following: House – blanket - Field – president - Cupboard - plumber - What kind of nouns are they? How do they form their plural?

3. Presentation: Read the poem, The Funny Languange ” FUNNY LANGUAGE We’ll begin with box, the plural is boxes But the plural of ox should be oxen not oxes One fowl is a goose, but two are called geese Yet the plural of moose could never be meese . You may find a lone mouse, or a whole rest of mice But the plural of house is houses, not hice If the plural of man should always be men Why is the plural of pan, pans and not pen?

4. The cow in the plural maybe called cows or kine But the plural of vow is vows never vine If I speak at a foot and you show your two feet When I give you a boot, will a pair be called beet? If one is a tooth and a whole set are teeth Why is the plural of booth called booths We speak of brother, make it two becomes brethren  

5. But though we say mother, we never say methren . Is it true that English can confuse you and me? I would love to discover the farther side of thee Learning the language would be fun, you will see  We’ll deal with English as funny as can be.    

6. What is the poem all about? If the plural of box is boxes, is the plural of ox, oxes ? If goose the plural is geese, will the plural of moose be meese ? If the plural of mouse is mice, is the plural of house a hice ? Presenting Examples:

7. Can you give nouns that form their plural by changing some of the letters within a word? Do we add –s or – es to form their plural? If not, how are these nouns called? DISCUSSION:

8. Give nouns from the poem which are irregular. Notice how these nouns form their plural. Discuss what an irregular noun is and how they form their plural. Have them notice how the nouns in the chart form their plural. DISCUSSION:

9. In few words, the mid-word vowels are changed to form the plural. SINGULAR PLURAL mouse mice  foot feet  tooth teeth  goose geese  louse lice     

10. SINGULAR FORM (NO CHANGE) In a few words, the singular form is used for both singular and plural. SINGULAR PLURAL fish fish deer deer sheep sheep shrimp shrimp offspring offspring series series   species species  

11. SINGULAR FORM (NO CHANGE) Some nouns have the same singular and plural forms: SINGULAR PLURAL information information furniture furniture means means grapefruit grapefruit aircraft aircraft means means equipment equipment

12. Some nouns changed some of the letters to form their plural: SINGULAR PLURAL Agendum agenda Alumnus (male graduate) alumni Alumna (female graduate) alumnae Axis axes parenthesis parentheses Cactus Cacti Radius Radiuses(conventional English ) Radii (Latin plural)

13. Developing Mastery: Group Activity: (See power point presentation) Write your own sentences using the given nouns in their plural forms. (sheep) ___________________________________ (ox) ______________________________________ (parenthesis) _______________________________ (fungus) ___________________________________ (basis) ________________________________

14. Activity #1 Answer the exercises: With a partner, give the plural of the following then write two sentences using any of the nouns in this chart 1. axis -   2. child -   3. phenomenon -   4. alumnus -   5. foot -  

15. Generalization: How do we form the plural form of irregular nouns?

16. Evaluation: Write the nouns in the parentheses in their plural form to complete the sentences. 1. The (woman)  do the household chores more creatively than men.  2. My (child)  hate eating pasta.  3.I am ill. My (foot)  hurt. 4. Muslims kill (sheep)  in a religious celebration. 5. I clean my (tooth)  three times a day.  

17. Additional Activity: Do a research on how these nouns are formed. Write three sentences using any of the word given.

18. Regular Nouns We make regular nouns plural by adding –s to the end of the word Examples: cat cats chair chairs shoe shoes However, there are many nouns that do not follow this pattern and they are called irregular nouns

19. Irregular Nouns There are some rules to follow for making irregular nouns plural Other irregular nouns will not follow a definite pattern and will just need to be memorized

20. Rule # 1 Nouns ending in [s, x, z, ch , and sh ] Form the plural by adding – es to the end of the word Examples: class class es box box es buzz buzz es watch watch es dish dish es

21. Your turn Singular beach match sandwich bush eyelash ax fox tax kiss matches beaches Plural sandwiches bushes eyelashes foxes axes kisses taxes

22. Rule # 2 Nouns ending in consonant + [y] Form plural by changing [y] to [i] and add – es Examples: lady lad ies city cit ies party part ies baby bab ies

23. Your turn Singular puppy family story library country butterfly discovery Plural puppies families discoveries stories libraries countries butterflies

24. Rule # 3 Nouns ending in [f] or [ fe ] Form plural by changing [f] or [ fe ] to – ves Examples: half hal ves leaf lea ves wife wi ves knife kni ves But NOT always! belief beliefs chef chefs roof roofs

25. Your turn Singular calf loaf scarf thief wolf shelf life Plural calves loaves scarves thieves wolves shelves lives

26. Rule # 4 Some Nouns that end in [o] Form plural by adding – es Examples: tomato tomato es potato potato es hero hero es echo echo es But NOT Always! kangaroo kangaroos piano pianos photo photos auto autos

27. Your Turn Singular potato kangaroo echo tomato photo auto hero piano Plural potatoes kangaroos echoes tomatoes photos autos heroes pianos

28. Irregular forms without –s Examples: man men woman women child children mouse mice goose geese foot feet ox oxen tooth teeth These nouns just need to be memorized because they do not follow a rule

29. Your Turn Singular woman goose man mouse ox tooth child foot Plural women geese mice men feet children oxen teeth

30. Some nouns have the same singular and plural form Examples: a shrimp two shrimp a series two series a fish two fish a deer two deer a sheep two sheep a moose two moose These nouns are determined plural or singular by the context of the sentence

31. YOUR TURN Singular a series a fish a deer a shrimp a moose a sheep two two two two two two Plural series fish deer shrimp moose sheep

32. Nouns borrowed from other languages may have foreign plural forms Examples: datum data medium media cactus cacti stimulus stimuli These nouns just need to be memorized because they do not follow a rule

33. More practice Read each sentence. Figure out the plural of the word in parenthesis and write it on the line. 1 . Mrs. Jones has two ________________________. (child) 2. A flock of ________________________ just flew overhead. (goose) 3. Three ________________________ scurried through the kitchen. (mouse) 4. Mother cut the sandwich into two ________________________. (half) 5. Humans have 32 _____________ in their mouths by the time they are adults. (tooth) 6. The ________________________ at the bus stop had umbrellas. (woman) 7. There are forks, _____________________, and spoons on the table. (knife) 8. Those ________________________ were making a lot of noise. (person) 9. Mama bought two ________________________ of bread. (loaf) 10. The ________________________ were fixing the hole in the street. (man) 11. I heard a pack of ________________________ in the forest. (wolf) 12. The farmer had a dozen ________________________. (sheep) 13. People have two arms, two hands, two legs, and two __________________. (foot) 14. The _____________________ on the trees change color in autumn. (leaf) 15. My family has several pets. We have a dog, two cats, and five ___________. (fish)