CLASS X CBSE CHEMICAL REACTIONS PPT2.pptx

CBSE CLASS X CHEMISTRY Chapter 1

1. CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS RAPELLY NAGARAJU PGT CHEMISTRY

2. Combination Reaction Decomposition Reaction Displacement Reaction Double Displacement Reaction Oxidation and Reduction

3. Combination Reaction a reaction in which a single product is formed from two or more reactants is known as a combination reaction. Calcium oxide reacts vigorously with water to produce slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) releasing a large amount of heat. CaO(s) + H 2 O(l) → Ca(OH) 2 (aq) (Quicklime) (Slaked lime)

4. Combustion Reaction Burning of reactants in the presence of oxygen to produce Carbondioxide , water and Heat energy CH 4 (g) + 2O 2 (g) → CO 2 (g) + 2H 2 O (g) C(s) + O 2 (g) → CO 2 (g)

5. Exothermic Endothermic Where Heat energy released and temperature increases. The decomposition of vegetable matter into compost respiration dissolving acid in water Combustion Where Heat energy absorbed and temperature decreases. Dissolving Ammonium Chloride in Water Evaporating Water Melting of Ice Photo Synthesis

6. Decomposition Reaction In this reaction you can observe that a single reactant breaks down to give simpler products. 2FeSO 4 (s) → Fe 2 O 3 (s) + SO 2 (g) + SO 3 (g) 2FeSO 4 (s) → Fe 2 O 3 (s) + SO 2 (g) + SO 3 (g) (Ferrous sulphate) (Ferric oxide)

7. Types of decomposition reactions When a decomposition reaction is carried out by heating, it is called thermal decomposition. PbNO 3 -------->PbO+NO 2 +O 2 When a decomposition reaction is carried out by electricity, it is called electrolytic decomposition. H 2 O--------->H 2 +O 2 When a decomposition reaction is carried out by heating, it is called photo decomposition. AgCl------------> Ag+ Cl 2

8. Displacement Reaction In this Reaction one metal of high reactivity replaces the other metal from its solution. Example: Iron metal replaces the copper metal from copper sulphate solution.

9. Double Displacement Reaction In this Reaction both the metals replaces each other metal from their solution. Example: Barium Chloride with Aluminium sulphate produces barium sulphate and Aluminium chloride There are two types of Double displacement reactions; 1 . Precipitation Reaction 2. Neutralization Reaction

10. Preciptation reaction Neutralization reaction Double displacement reaction in which formation of insoluble substance is known as Preciptation reaction and the insoluble substance is Precipitate denoted as ppt Double displacement reaction in which acidic salt and basic salt solutions react with each other to produce neutral salt is known as Neutralization reaction

11. Oxidation and Reduction Addition of Oxygen or removal of Hydrogen is Oxidation Cu+O 2 ----->CuO Addition of Hydrogen or removal of Oxygen is Reduction C 2 H 4 +H 2 ------->C 2 H 6 In a Chemical reaction simultaneously both the oxidation and reduction occurs known as Redox Reaction CuO+H 2 -------->Cu+H 2 O

12. Corrosion: Corrosion: When a metal is attacked by substances around it such as moisture, acids, etc., it is said to corrode and this process is called corrosion. Examples of corrosion rusting of iron, black coating on silver green coating on copper .

13. Rancidity When fats and oils are oxidised, they become rancid and their smell and taste change. Antioxidants: Usually substances which prevent oxidation are added to foods containing fats and oil. Keeping food in air tight containers helps to slow down oxidation. Do you know that chips manufacturers usually flush bags of chips with gas such as nitrogen to prevent the chips from getting oxidised

14. Bibilography: NCERT text book Internet Images THANK YOU