Classical instruments

This presentation is about the instruments of the symphonic orchestra with many video links.

1. The instruments of Classical Music
By José Antonio Martín González

2. The Classical Music
Classical music is the art music
produced in, or rooted in, the
traditions of Western liturgical
and secular music,
encompassing a broad period
from roughly the 11th century
to present times.The central
norms of this tradition became
codified between 1550 and
1900, which is known as the
common practice period.
L.V. Beethoven

3. The Classical Instruments
The instruments used in most
classical music were largely
invented before the mid-19th
century (often much earlier),
and codified in the 18th and
19th centuries. They consist of
the instruments found in an
orchestra, together with a few
other solo instruments (such
as the piano, harpsichord, and
organ).
Western staff notation

4. The Orchestra
Toronto Symphonic Orchestra

5. String family
Violin
Viola

6. String family
Cello
Double Bass

7. Wind family
The wind family is divided in many types of sub-families:
Woodwind: A woodwind instrument is a musical instrument which produces sound when the player blows air
against a sharp edge or through a reed, causing the air within its resonator (usually a column of air) to
vibrate. Most of these instruments are made of wood but can be made of other materials, such as metals or
plastics. The sound may be produced in some different ways:
Brass-wind: A brass instrument is a musical instrument whose sound is produced by sympathetic vibration of air
in a tubular resonator in sympathy with the vibration of the player's lips.
causing one or two reeds
to vibrate, which agitates
the column of air (as in a
clarinet or oboe)
blowing across the edge of
an open hole (as in a flute).
Simple-reed mouthpiece Double-reed mouthpiece
Flute mouthpiece
Different kinds of brass
mouthpieces

8. Woodwind: flutes.
Piccolo
Flute
In these instruments the sound is
produced blowing across the
edge of an open hole.
Although they are made of metal we
consider them woodwind because of
the tradition.

9. Woodwind: simple-reed.
On these
instruments
the sound is
produced by a
simple reed.
Bass clarinet
Clarinet

10. Woodwind: simple-reed.
The saxo is not a
usual instrument in
the orchestra.
It's more modern
than the clarinet and
the sound is
produced by a
simple reed too.
Sax family

11. Woodwind: double-reed.
English hornOboe
On these instruments the
sound is produced by a
double reed.

12. Woodwind: double-reed.
Bassoon
Contrabassoon in the middle
On these instruments the sound is produced by a
double reed.

13. Brasswind
French Horn Trumpet
Tuba
Trombone
On these instruments the sound is produced by the
vibration of the lips in the mouthpiece.

14. Orchestral Percussion Family
This is the biggest family but we are only going to study the most useful instruments.

15. Mallet percussion
This is the special name for the pitched percussion in the
orchestra family. We play them with different kinds of malletsmallets.
Tubular bells
Vibraphone
Glockenspiel Xilophone
Marimba

16. Drums and cymbals
Timpani Gong Cymbals
Suspended
Cymbals
Snare Drum
Bass Drum

17. Other percussion
Wood block
Temple blocks
Castanets
Cowbell
Claves
Triangle

18. Other Invited Instruments
Piano
Harp
Harpsicord
Guitar

19. The Orchestra