classification of fiber

classification of fiber

1. FIBER AND YARN SCIENCE UNIT – 1, TOPIC - 2 DATE : 13/10/2020 R.MALATHY HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT OF FASHION DESIGNING SRM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE

2. LECTURE ON CLASSIFICATION OF TEXTILE FIBERS

3. CLASSIFICATION OF FIBRES The history of Traces of natural fibers have been located to ancient civilizations all over the globe. For many thousand years, the usage of fiber was limited by natural fibers such as flax, cotton, silk, wool and plant fibres for different applications. Fibers can be divided into natural fibres and man-made or chemical fibres. Flax is considered to be the oldest and the most used natural fibre since ancient times.

4. Classification of Fibres Natural Fibers Vegetable Fibres Animal Fibres Mineral fibers Man Made fibers Regenerated fibres Synthetic fibres Inorganic fibres Inorganic fibres

5. C o n t… Classification of fibers can be done by: Type(Natural and manufactured) Length(Short staple, long staple, continuous filament) Size(Ultra fine, fine, regular, course)

6. Classification of Fibres

7. NATURAL FIBRE Any hair like raw material directly obtainable from an animal, vegetable or mineral source that can be convertible after spinning into yarns and then into fabric. Under them there are various categories: Plant Animal minerals

8. Vegetable fibers They can be further on classified as: fibre occurring on the seed(raw cotton, java cotton) phloem fiber (flax, ramie ,hemp, jute) tendon fibre from stem or leaves (manila hemp, sisal hemp etc) fibre occurring around the trunk (hemp palm) fibre of fruit/ nut shells(coconut fibre – Coir) cotton and linen are the most important among them.

9. Co n t….. Bast fibres Low Lignin content – Linen or Flax (raw and bleached) and Ramie High Lignin content – Jute, Hemp