Classification of Harbicdes.pptx Details classification on Herbicides

Details classification on Herbicides

1. Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia krishi Vishwa
Gwalior
College of Agriculture, Gwalior

Subject: Principles & Practices of Weed management
Assignment on Herbicide Classification

Submitted To- Submitted by-
Dr. Varsha Gupta Vandana Dhurve
Dept. of Agronomy. Roll no.20111112

M.Sc. Previous
Dept. of Agronom

3. Classification of Herbicides

» Classification can be based on-
A. Based on Mode of action
B. Based on time of application
C. Based on selectivity
D. Based on spectrum of weed control
E. Based on site of application
F. Based on residual action in soil
G, Based on chemical structure
. Based on formulation

4. 1.Based on mode of action
A.Contact herbicide:

These herbicide Are being less mobility,kills the plant primarlly be contact with th
plant tissue e.g.paraquat, diquat, propanil, oxyflurfenac.

B.Systemic or translocated Herbicides:
Herbicide moves within the plant from the point of treatment to its other part to

variable extent e.g. all herbicide except contact are systemic in nature like 2,4-D,
atrazin, pendimethalin, glyphosate, metribuzin etc. Atrazine is systemic and contact _
herbicide

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5. 2.Based on time of application

A.Pre plant incorporation (PPI): Application of herbicide in finally prepared lev
or just before sowing of a crop. These herbicides usually have higher vapour p
nature.e.g. Fluchloraline, EPTC, trifluralin.

B.Pre emergency:

Application of Herbicide 1-2 days after sowing or immediately after showing of a cro|
the emergence of crop but before germination of crop.e.g. Pendimethalin, Atrazine, al
butachlor,metribuzine.

C.Post emergencemergence:

Application of after the emergence of crop and weeds both (generally 15-30 days after
sowing).e.g. 2,4-D, isoproturon, sulfosulfuron, metsulfuron, clodinafop-propargyl ete.

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6. 3. Based on selectivity
A.Selective herbicide:
Herbicide which kills selectivity a particular group of weeds in a mixed stands of
e.g. all the pre emergence and post emergence applied herbicides of field crops.

B, Non Selective herbicide:

Herbicide which kills any species of plant irrespective of weeds and crop. They are usel
controlling weed in road sides and non cropped area. |

e.g. paraquat, diquat, glyphosate, glyphosinate, acrolein, picroram, amitrol etc.

7. 4.Based on Spectrum of weed control
A. Narrow spectrum Herbicide:

Herbicide which control particular group of weeds and due to their narrow rang
not control even all the weeds of particular group,

e.g. 2,4-D (kills only broad leaved weeds and sedges, not grasses)., metsulfuron:

B. Broad spectrum herbicide:
Herbicide which control wide range of weeds (grasses, broadleaved, sedges).
e.g. atrazine, pendimethalin, imezathyper, alachlor, butachlor

8. 5. Based on site of application
A.Soil applied! soil active herbicides:

Applied to soil or active through soil and kill germinative weeds and their parts.
plant incorporation and pre emergence herbicides are include in this category.

B. Foliar applied:

Applied to foliage of plant or non cropped weeds.e.g. all post emergence herbicides (
isoproturon, sulfosulfuron, metribuzin etc.) + non cropped herbicides (paraquat, glyphi
etc.)

| C. Both soil and foliage active herbicides:

| Atrazine, metribuzin in have both action.

9. 6. Based on residual action in soil:
A.Non residual! Zero persistence herbicide:

These herbicides easily degraded or metabolised after application and leaves ni
residues in applied soil.e.g. paraquat, diquat, glyphosate these are used in zero!
tillage)

B.Residual herbicide:

Herbicide which are more resistant to degradation and maintain their effect in soil for
relatively short period (usually 15-16 weeks)

e.g. Triazines & Phenyl ureas.

10. 7. Based on chemical structure
A.lnorganic Herbicides:

Contain no carbon actions in their molecules. These were the first chemicals us
control before the introduction of the organic compounds, example are:

1)Acids:Arsenic acid, arsenious acid, arsenic trioxide sulphuric acid.
b) Salts:Borax, copper sulphate, ammonium sulphate, Na chlorate , Na arsenite , co]

B.Organic Herbicides:
a) Oils: Diesel oil, standard solvent, xylene-type, aromatic oils, polycyclic , aromatic oil
_ b) Aliphatics:Dalapon, TCA, Acrolein, Glyphosphate methyl bromide.
| c) Amides:Propanil, butachlor, alachlor, CDAA, Diphenamide, Naptalam, Propachlor.

11. d) Benzoics:2,3,6 TBA, Diacamba, tricamba, chloramben, Fenac.
e) Bipyridyliums:Paraquat , diquat.
f) Carbamates:Propham, chloropham, barban.
g)Thocarbamates:Butylate, dilate, triallate, EPTC, molinate, pebulate, vernolate, benthl
cycolate,
h) Dithiocarbamates:CDEC , Metham.
i) Nitralin ( Benzonitrates):Dichlobenil , bromoxynil, ioxynil.
j) Ditroanilines ( Toluidines) ‘Benefin, nitralin, trifluralin, butralin, dinitramine, fluchlorine, o
penoxalin.
_k) Phenoxy:2,4-D, 2,4, 5-T, MCPB, 2,4-DB, 2,4- DP, 2,4 , 5-TP (silvex)
| L) Triazines:Atrazine, simazine, ametryne , terbuteryne, cyprazinc, Metribuzin, prometryn
Lu) Ureas:Monuron, diuron, fenuron, neburon, flumeturon, mothabenzathiazuron- butu
‘chlorbromuron, chloroxuron, norea siduson, metoxuron.

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12. N) Uracils:Bromacil, terbacil, lenacil.

0) Dipheny! Ethers:Nitrogen, flurodifen.

P) Organic Arsenicals:Cacodlic acid, MSMA, DSMA,
Q) Others:Bentazon, Piclaram, Pyrazon, Pyrichlor, endothall, bensulphioe, MH, DCI

13. 8.Based on formulations
A.Wettable powders:

When the herbicide materials are of low solubility in water, they can be ground
for suspension in water, This type of formulations are called wettable powders (|
Simaidiallateraine, 2,4-D, Sodium Salt, Diuron, Linuron

B. Liquid water soluble(concentrates):

Herbicide formulations which are in the form of soluble liquids are called water solul
concentrates(WSC).E.g. 2,4-D, amine, dicamba, diquat, paraquat.

C. Emulsifiable concentrate:

The active ingredient is dissolved in solvent and an emulsifier is added to it. Since the
helps in uniform distribution of the chemical in water, no stirring is necessary while spray
2,4-D ester, alachlor, nitrofin, diallate. ä

14. D, Liquid suspension:
If the active ingredient is not soluble in water, it is solubilized in organic solve
product of active ingredient and solvent is added to water forspraying, it forms
suspension.e.g. Atrazine, cyprazine, nitralin,

E. Soluble powders:

These herbicide formulations are water soluble powders (SP). They form a homoge
when dissolved in water which can be applied by spraying. Salts of most herbicides
water.e.g. Sodium salt of 2,4-D, TCA, endothal, dalapan etc

F. Granules:

Small pellets or granules are made with inert clays. The solution of the toxicant is spra
these granules in desired quantity and dried. The granules are then packed for EE uel
use.e.g. granules of butachlor, 2,4-D. d

15. Reference- Principles of crop production (S.R.Reddy), Principles
(Reddy & Reddy), Competitive book of Agriculture (Nem Raj 8
paper of KVK Rewa(JNKVV)

16. Thank you