Classification of Spectroscopy by Dr. Ved Nath Jha.pptx

summary of spectroscopy with classification

1. Spectroscopy and its Classification Presented By Dr. Ved Nath Jha Institute of Applied Sciences Mangalayatan University, Aligarh

2. Spectroscopy Wavelength of emitted EM Wave is the function of the interaction between the incident EM Wave and matter. Spectral analysis is the investigation and measurement of Spectra. Intensity of light variation with wavelength gives spectrum

3. Classification of Spectroscopy On the Basis of Structure of Matter used On the Basis of EM Wave

4. Matter used and Types of Spectroscopy Atomic Spectroscopy : It is related to electronic transition Molecular Spectroscopy: It is based on the concept of combination of atoms as a molecule leads to the unique energy states , whereas the electron spin, molecular vibration and molecular rotation that make the collective motion of the atomic nuclei are important. Development of molecular spectroscopy gives the Maser and Laser .

5. Classification of Spectroscopy on the basis of EM Wave characteristics Absorption Spectroscopy Scattering Spectroscopy Emission Spectroscopy

6. Absorption Spectroscopy Lambert’s Law A = log10 (Io/I) and A = cL where A is absorbance, = molar absorptivity, c= concentration of given substance, L= path travelled in the sample, Io = incident light intensity and I= transmitted intensity. Therefore (Io/I) = transmittance or reflectance Amount of light absorbed by the substance is directly proportional to the path travelled through the sample and concentration of sample. It is for gaseous or liquid sample  

7. Application of Absorption Spectroscopy Most of molecules or ions absorbs energy in the uv or visible light i.e. atomic spectroscopy. Chemical analysis Remote sensing Infrared gas analyzer distinguish between nitrogen, oxygen and pollutants .

8. Absorption Spectroscopy Absorption occurs only when the energy of the radiation matches the difference in the energy between two energy levels of the sample atom. Electronic Transition due to absorbed energy Fourier Transform Spectroscopy IR Spectroscopy NMR spectroscopy(Radio Wave)

9. Scattering Spectroscopy Amount of light that a sample substance scatters at certain wavelength. Scattering is much faster process than emission and absorption Raman Spectroscopy Neutron Spectroscopy Reflection spectroscopy Mass spectroscopy: Spread the atomic and molecular components in the sample as per their masses and detect the sorted componnents .

10. Emission Spectroscopy It is mainly for the solid Based on emitted radiation and particles . Each element emits different amount of energy and generally has unique emission level.

11. Application of Emission spectroscopy It is produced by the heat or electric arc It is used to analyze the metallic elements in the solid sample. So used in metal casting facility.

12. Spectroscopy of emitted wavelength It is Photoluminescence either gives Fluorescence or Phosphorescence. Gamma ray spectroscopy: measures gamma ray photon emitted by the nucleus, quick and non destructive process. Nuclear Spectroscopy. X ray : ionize the atoms and makes transition of inner electrons in atom. UV/VIS : transition of middle and valence electron of atom. NIR/IR: Molecular vibration THz/Micro: Molecular rotation RF: Slow process of Spin of electron and nucleus or low energy process of nuclear transition. NMR,ESR.

13. Emitted Particle based Spectroscopy Electron Spectroscopy: Analysis of the energy of the emitted electrons like emission on photo-electrons. Acoustic Spectroscopy: Emitted / radiative pressure wave by the macroscopic vibration of sample emitted phonons.

14. Classification of Spectroscopy at a glance Matter structure Based Absorption Scattering Emission

15. Summary Spectroscopy may be defined on the basis of structure of sample used, energy of light used and behaviour of sample for the specific light .

16. Thanksgiving