Classification of Thyroid Diseases

classification of thyroid diseases is explained in very simple wording and style. Easy to remember and present due to interesting pictures. Helpful for medical students, patients with thyroid disease and knowledge seekers.

1. CLASSIFICATION OF THYROID DISEASES Dr. Maria Sheraz Khan

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3. GOITER

4. CLASSIFICATION OF GOITER 1- Simple (non-toxic ) Goiter Diffuse Multinodular Colloid in nature 2-Toxic Goiter Diffuse Multinodular Solitary nodule

5. 3- Inflammatory: Thyroiditis 4- Thyroid Neoplasm Benign(adenoma) Malignant

6. ETIOLOGY It is due to: 1- Iodine excess 2- Iodine deficiency 3- Goitrogens

7. HYPOTHYROIDISM

8. It is classified as : 1- Primary hypothyroidism(99 % cases) 2- Secondary hypothyroidism(less than 1% case)

9. Etiology It is due to: Iodine deficiency Hashimoto`s Thyroiditis Sub-acute Thyroiditis Drug induced thyroiditis (i.e. lithium, amiodarone)

10. THYROIDITIS

11. Its classification include: Acute Thyroiditis Sub-acute Thyroiditis: it include 1- Granulomatous Thyroiditis 2- Lymphocytic Thyroiditis 3- Silent Thyroiditis Chronic Thyroiditis: 1- Autoimmune Thyroiditis

12. Sub- Acute Thyroiditis Also known as De Quervain`s or granulomatous thyroiditis. It is the commonest cause of painful thyroiditis. ETIOLOGY: It is due to inflammatory destruction of thyroid gland often following upper respiratory tract infection.

13. Hashimoto`s Thyroiditis It is the commonest cause of hypothyroidism in U.S.A It is also associated with other autoimmune diseases.

14. Thyrotoxicosis

15. It is classified as: 1- Primary Hyperthyroidism : It has low serum TSH Graves disease is the commonest cause Other causes include: 1- Toxic Adenoma 2- Toxic Multinodular Goiter 3- Iodine excess

16. 2- Secondary Hyperthyroidism: It has normal TSH It is due to TSH producing pituitary Adenoma

17. GRAVES DISEASE It is the commonest type of thyrotoxicosis It occur more in females between 30-50 years of age It is due to thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin.

18. TOXIC MULTINODULAR GOITRE 2 nd common cause of thyrotoxicosis It is due to mutation in TSH receptor Thyroid scan shows areas of hot and cold nodules

19. Thyroid Nodule Risk factor for malignancy in thyroid nodule includes Age < 20 or > 45 years Occur more in male Size > 4cm or rapid increase in size Hard in consistency Fixed to adjacent Structures Lymph node metastasis Vocal cord paralysis

20. THYROID MALIGNANCY Classification includes: Follicular Carcinoma Papillary Carcinoma Medullary Carcinoma Anaplastic Carcinoma

21. Follicular Carcinoma: Mean age of occurrence is 50 years It is well encapsulated and invade thyroid capsule and blood vessel

22. Papillary Carcinoma: It follow 40% rule: mean age of occurrence 40 years , multicentric in 40% cases, neck node metastasis in 40%

23. Medullary carcinoma: It is the malignancy of calcitonin producing C cells

24. Anaplastic Carcinoma: It is non encapsulated and rapidly growing tumor It metastasize to lymph nodes and lung.