Cloud_Lecture_Bharathiyaruniversity.pptx

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1. Agenda Introduction Cloud Definitions NIST Architecture Introduction to Amazon AWS Launching a New Instance in Amazon EC2 Creating a Static Web Application 11/13/2021 2

2. On-Demand (Utility) Computing Utility computing merely means "Pay and Use", with regards to computing power.   Firms off-loading peak demand for computing power to remote, large-scale data processing centers   Firms pay only for the computing power they use, as with an electrical utility.   Developed by IBM, SUN, and HP   Excellent for firms with spiked demand curves caused by Seasonal variations in consumer demand, e.g. holiday shopping    Saves firms from purchasing excessive levels of infrastructure

3. Distributed computing Distributed systems are groups of networked computers, which have the same goal for their work. In distributed computing, each processor has its own private memory (distributed memory). Information is exchanged by passing messages between the processors. In parallel computing, all processors may have access to a shared memory to exchange information between processors

4. Definitions K.S.SENDHIL KUMAR

5. Definitions K.S.SENDHIL KUMAR Cloud computing is using the internet to access someone else's software running on someone else's hardware in someone else's data center. Lewis Cunningham

6. Definitions K.S.SENDHIL KUMAR A large-scale distributed computing paradigm that is driven by economies of scale, in which a pool of abstracted, virtualized, dynamically scalable, managed computing power, storage, platforms, and services are delivered on demand to external customers over the Internet. Ian Foster

7. Definitions K.S.SENDHIL KUMAR A Cloud is a type of parallel and distributed system consisting of a collection of interconnected and virtualised computers that are dynamically provisioned and presented as one or more unified computing resources based on service-level agreements established through negotiation between the service provider and consumers. Rajkumar Buyya

8. Cloud Computing K.S.SENDHIL KUMAR Definition Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. This cloud model is composed of five essential characteristics, three service models, and four deployment models. NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) , Sep 2011.

9. WHY CLOUD COMPUTING? Conventional Manually Provisioned dedicated Hardware Fixed Capacity Pay for Capacity Capital & Operational Expenses Managed via Sysadmins Cloud Automatic Shared Hardware Elastic Capacity Pay for Use Operational Expenses Managed via APIs Service

10. Evolution of Cloud Computing K.S.SENDHIL KUMAR Grid Computing Utility Computing SaaS Computing Cloud Computing Solving large problems with Parallel computing Made mainstream By Global Alliance Offering computing resources as a metered service Introduced in late 1990s Network-based subscriptions to applications Gained momentum in 2001 Next-Generation Internet computing Next-Generation Data Centers

11. History of Cloud K.S.SENDHIL KUMAR •Virtualization •1960s, 1990s, 2000s – abstracting resources for efficiency and availability •Grid computing •1990s, late 1990s – Collective harvesting of computer resources •Software as a Service ( SaaS ) •late 1990s – hosting of software in a centralized fashion with access and licensing provided on-demand •Web Services (WS) •late 1990s – standards-based messaging integration technology •Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) •early 2000s – connecting service providers and consumers in a distributed fashion across ownership domains •Web 2.0 / Web Oriented Architecture •early 2000s – collaboration, rich multimedia, data mash-ups •Autonomic Computing & Data centre •Utility Computing •Multi core processors

12. BENEFITS K.S.SENDHIL KUMAR Turns Capital Expenditure into Operational Expenditure Measured Service & Utility billing On demand & Responsive delivery of services Elasticity & Scalability Green IT & Optimization of resources Delivers Faster Time to Value Requires Fewer Technical Resources; No Up-Front Capital Expense

13. K.S.SENDHIL KUMAR

14. The NIST Cloud Definition Framework 16 Community Cloud Private Cloud Public Cloud Hybrid Clouds Deployment Models Service Models Essential Characteristics Common Characteristics Software as a Service ( SaaS ) Platform as a Service ( PaaS ) Infrastructure as a Service ( IaaS ) Resource Pooling Broad Network Access Rapid Elasticity Measured Service On Demand Self-Service Low Cost Software Virtualization Service Orientation Advanced Security Homogeneity Massive Scale Resilient Computing Geographic Distribution

15. Essential Characteristics K.S.SENDHIL KUMAR Broad network access. Capabilities are available over the network and accessed through standard mechanisms that promote use by heterogeneous thin or thick client platforms (e.g., mobile phones, laptops, and PDAs) as well as other traditional or cloudbased software services.

16. Essential Characteristics K.S.SENDHIL KUMAR Rapid elasticity. Capabilities can be rapidly and elastically provisioned - in some cases automatically - to quickly scale out; and rapidly released to quickly scale in. To the consumer, the capabilities available for provisioning often appear to be unlimited and can be purchased in any quantity at any time.

17. Essential Characteristics K.S.SENDHIL KUMAR Measured service. Cloud systems automatically control and optimize resource usage by leveraging a metering capability at some level of abstraction appropriate to the type of service. Resource usage can be monitored, controlled, and reported - providing transparency for both the provider and consumer of the service.

18. Essential Characteristics K.S.SENDHIL KUMAR On-demand self-service. A consumer can unilaterally provision computing capabilities such as server time and network storage as needed automatically, without requiring human interaction with a service provider.

19. Essential Characteristics K.S.SENDHIL KUMAR Resource pooling The provider’s computing resources are pooled to serve multiple consumers using a multi-tenant model, with different physical and virtual resources dynamically assigned and reassigned according to consumer demand.

20. DEPLOYMENT MODEL Public cloud Private cloud Community Cloud Hybrid Cloud

21. PUBLIC CLOUD In public cloud system a third party data center provide both disk space and computing power for all the application software. Applications, storage, and other resources are made available to the general public by a service provider. Public cloud services may be free or offered on a pay- per-usage model. cloud used to provide utility computing

22. PUBLIC CLOUD A mazon EC2: Amazon datacenters, Xen, EC2 APIs. Google AppEngine: Google data center, GFS, AppEngine APIs Batch processing softwares: MapReduce, Hadoop .

23. PRIVATE CLOUD Private cloud- unlike public cloud, you need to set up your own data center and also bear all the installation & maintenance cost, and have complete control of all your data. Cloud Computing private to an enterprise Datacenters , not available for rental BENEFITS Maximize the utilization of computing resources Provide more security and privacy

24. Private Cloud Example:Amazon Book store

25. Community Cloud C loud infrastructure is shared by several organizations A specific community that has shared concerns such as mission, security requirements, policy, and compliance considerations. M anaged by the organizations or a third party

26. HYBRID CLOUD C loud infrastructure is composed of two or more clouds. A hybrid cloud is typically offered in one of two ways ( i ) A vendor has a private cloud and forms a partnership with a public cloud provider (ii ) A public cloud provider forms a partnership with a vendor that provides private cloud platforms. Example: ANEKA

27. CLOUD PROVIDERS A service provider that offers customers storage or software services available via a private (private cloud) or public network (cloud). Usually, it means the storage and software is available for access via the Internet.

28. Services by c loud p rovider Application Services (services on demand) Gmail, GoogleCalender Platform Services (resources on demand) Middleware, Messaging, Information, connectivity etc Google Appengine Infrastructure Services (physical assets as services) I B M B l u e h o u s e , V M w a r e , A m a z o n E C 2 , M i c r o s o f t A z u r e Platform.

29. Amazon Web Services (AWS) Microsoft Azure Google Cloud Alibaba Cloud IBM Cloud Oracle Salesforce SAP Rackspace Cloud VMWare • Top 10 Cloud Service Providers

30. Cloud vendor “Cloud Vendor” is a Virtual Organization ( may/ may not own any infrastructure, platform or software) It will use resources from various vendors and original providers to o ffer services that meet S L A with guaranteed QoS .

31. Types of vendors Cloud Platform Vendors Cloud Infrastructure Vendors Cloud Security Vendors Cloud Storage and Data center Vendors Cloud software vendors

32. CLOUD VENDORS

33. S AAS Application is used as an on demand service . Often provided via the Internet Eliminates the need to install and run the application on the customer's own computer. Activities that are managed from central locations rather than at each customer's site, enabling customers to access applications remotely via the Web . Application delivery that typically is closer to a one -to-many model (single instance, multi-tenant architecture) than to a one -to-one model, including architecture, pricing, partnering, and management characteristic Example: Google App (online office)

34. IAAS Infrastructure-As-A-Service ( Standards under development) The delivery of computer IaaS, typically platform virtualization Rather than purchasing servers, software, data center space or network equipment, clients instead buy those resources as a fully outsourced service. "Infrastructure as a Service ( IaaS)" delivers computer infrastructures like, Processors/CPUs Memory Storages Networking Vendors (e.g. Amazon, Eucalyptus, IBM, VMware partners) For example: Virtual desktops Grid computing

35. P aa S Platform-As-A-Service ( Technology under development) Delivers a computing platform and/or solution stack as a service over the Internet, eliminating the need to install and run the application on the customer's own computers and simplifying maintenance and support Facilitates deployment of applications without the cost and complexity of buying and managing the underlying hardware and software layers Vendors (e.g. Google, Microsoft, Force.com, RightScale)

36. Cloud taxonomy and application examples:

37. SaaS (Software as a Service) Applications, typically available via the browser: Google Mail Google Docs Salesforce.com PaaS (Platform as a Service) Hosted application environment for building and deploying cloud applications: Programming and Management tools. Salesforce.com Amazon EC2 Microsoft Azure IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) Utility computing data center providing on demand server resources: (Computing Resources) HP Adaptive Infrastructure as a Service Rackspace Amazon EC2 & S3 Three primary models for Cloud Computing have emerged:

38. How do SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS compare? SaaS Easy first step to adopt alternative desktop office application Requires nothing more than a credit card to start Will drive home the SOA value proposition PaaS Aimed primarily at small & new companies but models apply to all Large companies will benefit as services scale up and model is driven into internal software development tools and processes IaaS Galvanizing approach to Utility Computing Overflow to external provider to avoid cap -ex to meet peaks Longer term play due to immature tools and resistance to change

39. Queries ?

40. Thank You