CNG GAS

COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS

1. Marwadi Education Foundation Group of Institutions Rajkot. Prepared by :- Thoriya Yogesh B ( 91600216012 ) Internal Guide :- Prof. Dr. Mihir Oza COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS

2. LOGOS OF CNG

3. WHAT IS CNG CNG is made by compressing natural gas (which mainly composed of methane [CH 4 ]), to less than 1% of the volume it occupies at standard atmospheric pressure. It is stored and distributed in hard containers at a pressure of 20–25 MPa , usually in cylindrical or spherical shapes.

4. PREPARATION It is made by compressing the natural gas (composed of methane) to less then 1% of the volume at standard Atmospheric pressure. It is stored in hard cylindrical containers at a pressure of 200-280 bars. Natural gas is mostly methane:- one carbon atom

5. SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM BIOGAS 40-60 % CH4 WATER SEPARATION C02 GAS 95 TO 98 % CH4 SILOXANE SEPARATION SULPHUR SEPARATION PSA GAS SEPARATION SYSTEM NATURAL GAS COMPRESSOR COOKING INDUSTRIAL GAS BURNERS CYLINDERS VEHICLES

6. THE AVERAGE COMPOSITION OF CNG IS AS FOLLOWS Constituents Percentage (%) Methane 88.5 Ethane 5.5 Propane 3.7 Butane 1.8 Pentane 0.5

7. PROPERTIES The ignition temperature of CNG is about 550°C. Light than Air. Colourless and odorless. Non toxic.

8. ADVANTAGES The octane rating of CNG is high, hence the thermal efficiency is more. It mixes very easily with air than the other gaseous fuels. It does not evolve sulphur and nitrogen gases. CNG is cheaper and cleaner than LPG. CNG produces less pollutants than LPG. Noise level is much less than diesel

9. DISADVANTAGES CNG tank require high storage space. CNG made engine vehicles are costly more than other fuel engine of the same car CNG engine Is low power engine than the gasoline engine

10. USES CNG is used in many vehicles like bikes and cars. It is also used in commercial vehicles like light duty truck and medium duty truck like vans and postal vehicles and school buses.

11. COMPARISON OF EMISSION LEVELS BETWEEN CNG AND PETROL DRIVEN VEHICLES Pollutants Emission levels Petrol driven vehicle CNG driven vehicle CO (gm/km) 0.92 0.05 HC (gm/km) 0.36 0.24

12. THANK YOU