Colles ’ f racture surgery theory ppt bhms

Colles ’ fracture

1. COLLES ’ FRACTURE

2. A Colle’s wrist fracture occurs when the radius bone in forearm breaks. It’s also known as a distal radius fracture, transverse wrist fracture, or a dinner-fork deformity of the wrist.

3. Radius is the larger of the two main bones in your forearm. The distal part of the radius is the end near your wrist. When Colles ’ wrist fracture, the distal end breaks, which can cause your wrist to bend in an abnormal way.

4. This injury is very painful. Might not be able to hold or grip anything, and wrist will be swollen. And also have bruising in this area.

5. This type of injury occurs more often in older people with brittle bones, and in children, whose bones tend to be soft. It can be treated successfully with surgery, although recovery may be slow.

6. Types of Colles ’ wrist fractures Types of fractures include: Open fracture: if the bone broke through your skin Comminuted fracture: if the bone broke into more than two pieces Intra- articular fracture: if the bone broke into your wrist joint Extra- articular fracture: if joint isn’t affected

7. Common causes and risk factors of a Colles ’ wrist fracture Have   osteoporosis , a disease that weakens your bones. A re elderly have low muscle mass or poor muscle strength, or lack agility and have poor balance (these conditions make you more likely to fall) Walk or do other activities in snow or on ice, or do activities that require a lot of forward momentum, such as in-line skating and skiing Have an inadequate intake of calcium or vitamin D

8. Treating the fracture The most important treatment initially is immobilizing wrist in a splint . Simply use a magazine wrapped around wrist to help support it. Elevate wrist above the level of your heart to prevent further swelling. Putting an ice pack on the injury also helps reduce swelling.

9. Over-the-counter medications such as acetaminophen and ibuprofen can help relieve pain. Don’t try to straighten your wrist, and avoid moving it around.

10. Complications Median nerve symptoms are not uncommon, but usually subside after reduction. Median nerve compression also occurs occasionally as a late compli cation of a badly reduced fracture. Malunion may be associated with pain from a subluxated distal radioulnar joint, the pain tending to occur on rotation of the forearm.

11. Treatment If the fracture is only minimally displaced, reduction is not necessary. A useful way of assessing the need for reduction is to draw a line between the two lips of the articular surface of the radius on the lateral film . If this line is at right angles or slightly tilted forwards relative to the line of the radial shaft , then reduction is not necessary . Any backward tilt of this line suggests the need for reduction.

12. The usual method of reducing the fracture is by manipulation under anaesthesia . A dorsal plaster slab is prepared, of a size sufficient to cover the forearm and wrist to the level of the knuckles and to extend around the sides of the forearm , but not to meet at the front . The elbow is held by an assistant and traction is applied to disimpact the distal fragment, which is then flexed, pushed in a palmar direction and towards the ulnar side .

13. Smith ’ s f racture This is a fracture of the lower end of the radius with palmar angulation .

14. Treatment Smith ’ s fracture is usually treated by open reduction and internal fixation with a plate applied to the palmar aspect of the radius .