Colour theory for NATA exam preparration

It is pdf of colour theory for nata exam

1. Colour Theory

2. Types of ColourTheories
The subtractive, or pigmenttheory
deals with how white light is absorbed
and reflected off from colouredsurfaces.
The Additive, orlight
theory deals with
radiated and filtered light.
Subtractive TheoryAdditive Theory

3. Additive colorsare the colorsof lights and subtractive colorsare
the colorsof pigment, paints and ink –the physical media.
The colorof light behaves differently than the colorof pigment.

4. Additive Theory
This theory is used in Television,
theater lighting, computer monitors,
and video production.
Light is not merely revealing color
which is already there; itisthe color.
Black radiates no light
White (sun) radiates all light
The primary coloursin
Additive Theory are:
Red ( R )
Green ( G )
Blue( B )
The primary coloursadd together to
make white

5. Subtractive Theory
The primary coloursin
Subtractive Theory are:
Cyan( C )
Magenta ( M )
Yellow( Y )
An apple is not red because it is
inherently red. It is red because it is
reflecting red light wavelengths and
absorbing the rest.
Black absorbs most light
White reflects most light
ColouredPigments absorb light and
reflect only the frequency of the
pigment colour.
Subtractive or Pigment Theory is used
in printing and painting.

6. The Visible Spectrum

7. The ColourWheel
If the ends of the spectrum are bent
around a colourwheel is formed:

8. Colourson the wheel can be
described using three parameters:
Hue: degrees from 0˚ to 360˚
Saturation: brightness or dullness
Value: lightness or darkness

9. The pure or true colour, the identity of a colour is calledhue.
The colorvaluerefers to the lightness (added white) or
darkness (added dark) of a color. Value is also referred to as
“tone” or “luminance”.
Saturationis the intensity of a hue. It is also called chroma. A
hue is most intense when it is fully saturated. When it is less
saturated it is dull or muted.

10. Colour Models

11. The RGB colormodel
The RGB model combine parts of the
three primary colorsred, green and blue.
PowerPoint use the RGB model to show
colorsfor presentations as these are
supposedly created to be shown on a
projector using light.
Each of the primary colorscan have a
value in the range from 0 to 255.

12. An RGB color value is specified with: rgb(red, green, blue).
For example, rgb(0, 0, 255) is rendered as blue, because
the blue parameter is set to its highest value (255) and the
others are set to 0.
Each parameter (red, green, and blue) defines the intensity
of the color as an integer between 0 and 255.

13. The HSL colormodel
HSL tries to bridge the RGB colormodel,
understood by computers, to mix colors
more like humans do.
The HSL colormodel is a subset of the
RGB model that expresses the colorsin
terms ofhue,saturation andluminosity.

14. Saturation: An original hue is fully saturated/vibrant and have a
saturation level of 255 (maximum). When saturation is decreased
(minimum is 000) the coloris almost gone .
Luminosity: An original hue have a luminosity value of 128. When
you decrease this value (minimum is 000) the colorbecomes
darker (shade). When you increase this value (maximum is 255)
the colorbecomes brighter (tint).
Hue: The pure color, hue, can be calculated by giving it a number
between 0 to 255 where pure red has a hue of 0.

16. The HEX colormodel
The HEX colormodel is an extension of the RGB model
but usinghexadecimal numbers to define colorsused
when defining colorin HTML code. HEX is used
specifically for online material and websites and use
combinations of the primary colorssimilar to RGB.
The HEX colormodel combines parts of the three
primary colorsred, green and blue. Each of the primary
colorscan have a value in the range 00 (minimum) to
FF (maximum) in hexadecimals numbers (numbers that
goes from 0 to FF, with 80 being the middle).

17. A hexadecimal color is specified with: #RRGGBB.
For example,
#0000FF is displayed
as blue, because the
blue component is
set to its highest
value (FF) and the
others are set to 00.

18. The CMYK colormodel
CMYK colorsare used specifically for
printed material and physical media
and are created by combinations of the
primary colorsalmost like blending
colorson white paper.
The CMYK model is a subtractive
model using blue (cyan), red
(magneta) andyellow to mix all colors
and adds black (key) as a fourth color.

19. Each of the colorsare calculated in percentages –from 0 to 100%.
The CMYK model combines values of the primary colors
cyan, magenta, yellow –and black.

20. PMS (Pantone® Matching System)
PMS colors (also called Pantone® colors) are patented,
standardized color inks made by the Pantone company.
Pantone has been around for over 50 years and is responsible
for the creation of the first comprehensive standardized system
of creating and matching colors in the graphic community.
This standardization means most businesses and organizations
use PMS colors for their branding, especially logos, to ensure
the strictest color consistency across different print products and
across the globe.

21. Pantone Swatches

22. The colorred in all colormodels

23. Red, green and blue combine to
make colors. Used for online
applications, TV, mobile devices,
games and illuminated signs.
HEX is a six-digit combination of
letters an numbers that represent
an RGB color. It is used in web
design.

24. PMS colorsare patented,
standardized colorinks. Used for
consistent branding and logos.
Tiny dots of cyan, magenta, yellow
and black inks mix to make colors.
Ideal for full-colorbrochures, flyers,
posters and postcards.