Colum_Chromatography[1][1].1750351080235.pptx

This is a ppt on chromatography and it's working.

1. Submitted by Payel Das(Bsc. 6th semester ) Roll No = 221400348 Reg. No = 2022-012060 College Roll No = 22PS-070 Guided by = Debashis Roy Chowdhury Department of chemistry Netaji subash mahavidyalaya Udaipur, Gomati Tripura. Date of submission = 20/06/25 NETAJI SUBHAS MAHAVIDYALAYA Subject = Chemistry[General] Title= Principle methods and application of colum chromatography TRIPURA UNIVERSITY [A central university]

2. INDEX -Introduction to Column Chromatography -Basic Principles - Components of Column Chromatography -Types of Stationary Phases -Elution Techniques - Mobile Phases Used -Advantages of Column Chromatography -Limitations of Column Chromatography - Conclusion

3. Introduction to Column Chromatography Column chromatography is a technique used for separating and purifying compounds in a mixture. It relies on the differential partitioning of substances between a stationary phase and a mobile phase. This method is widely used in laboratories for both analytical and preparative purposes.

4. Basic Principles The separation process occurs as the mixture is introduced into a column packed with the stationary phase. As the mobile phase flows through the column, compounds interact with the stationary phase to varying degrees. This differential interaction leads to the separation of components based on their affinities.

5. A typical column consists of a cylindrical tube filled with a solid stationary phase. The mobile phase, often a liquid or gas, is introduced at the top of the column. Collecting fractions containing separated compounds occurs at the bottom of the column. Components of Column Chromatography

6. Types of Stationary Phases Common stationary phases include silica gel, alumina, and various polymeric materials. The choice of stationary phase affects the separation efficiency and selectivity of the process. Different stationary phases can be used for normal phase or reverse phase chromatography.

7. Elution Techniques Elution can be performed using isocratic or gradient methods, depending on the separation needs. Isocratic elution maintains a constant mobile phase composition throughout the process. Gradient elution involves changing the mobile phase composition over time for better resolution.

8. Mobile phases can vary widely, including non-polar, polar, or mixed solvents. The polarity of the mobile phase is crucial in determining the elution order of compounds. Adjusting the composition of the mobile phase can optimize separation outcomes. Mobile Phases Used

9. Advantages of Column Chromatography This technique allows for the separation of a wide range of compounds with high resolution. Column chromatography can be scaled up for bulk purifications in industrial applications. It is relatively easy to perform and can be adapted for various types of samples.

10. Limitations of Column Chromatography The technique can be time-consuming, especially for large-scale separations. Sample overload can lead to poor separation and decreased resolution. Proper optimization of conditions is critical to achieving desired results.

11. Conclusion Column chromatography is a versatile and essential technique for separating complex mixtures in various scientific fields. Its effectiveness depends on proper selection of stationary and mobile phases tailored to specific compounds. With proper optimization,colum chromatography can achive high purity and yeild.

12. REFERENCES Pavia, D. L., Lampman, G. M., Kriz, G. S. (2005). Introduction to Column Chromatography. In: Introduction to Organic Laboratory Techniques. 🔗 Summary link: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ed082p139 Poole, C. F. (2012). The Essence of Chromatography. Elsevier. Describes basic chromatographic principles including adsorption, partition, and ion-exchange. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column_chromatography

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