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engagement

1. Functions of Communities in Terms of Structures, Dynamics, and Processes

2. Community and Its Five Functions

3. A community is a group of people in the same geographic area, under common laws, that has a sense of fellowship, belonging, and obligation to the group. Types of communities are a neighborhood, church, a mom's group , a town, girl scouts etc.

4. Your group with your fellow young people is also a community headed by your Sangguniang Kabataan Chairman.

5. 1. Production, distribution, consumption * The community provides its members with the means to make a living. This may be agriculture, industry, or services.

6. If you might have noticed, people in your barangay are involved in different livelihood activities. There are fishermen, farmers, carpenters, vendors and many others. The creation and/ or gathering of goods and services is called production. When the products are ready and are all ready to be sold, it is called distribution. When these goods are being used by members of the community, it is called consumption.

7. * No community can survive if it does not provide some way for its people to make a living and obtain the material resources that they need for living . This involves, first of all, the industrial sector (broadly understood). * Someone has to take raw material and fashion it into some sort of useful product. It is also the transportation/warehousing/retail sector, since somehow the goods that are produced have to be moved to and through the market. Finally, production and distribution are useless if there is no one to buy or use it, if there is no market.

8. Specifically stated, when a fisherman goes to the sea to catch fish, he is in the process of production. When he goes back ashore and people buy his catch, that is distribution. When the people who buy his catch cook the fish for the family, that is consumption.

9. 2. Socialization * The community has means by which it instills its norms and values in its members. This may be tradition, modeling, and/or formal education.

10. Children in homogenous neighborhoods may miss out on opportunities to interact with other children of differing values and backgrounds , and children from heterogenous neighborhoods are more likely to interact with children of different backgrounds at school or on the playground .

11. Second, no community can survive it does not arrange for its continuation. A way must be found for children to learn what they will need to know to be adults; for workers to develop the knowledge, skills and abilities to do their jobs; for in-migrants (whether they are from the neighboring State or from across the ocean) to learn how we do things here .

12. Housing arrangements and types of houses affects the interactions among people living in neighborhood . In subdivisions where houses are most often enclosed, people tend to interact only with residents within the same subdivision as compared with a village where houses have no fences and can interact with anyone. As a young person living in a non-exclusive community, you can associate with just anyone and is free to go anywhere (before the COVID-19 pandemic). Your association with others - whether people of your age, younger than you or those who are way older than you – is called socialization .

13. 3. Social Control The community has the means to enforce adherence to community values . This may be group pressure to conform and/or formal laws.

14. Communities are incredibly complex systems. For all those players ( whether human or corporate) are to move around and do their thing , there have to be traffic rules to keep them from crashing into each other. * Only the smallest part of social control is busting bad guys; much of it is an issue of forming and enforcing contracts (mutual agreements about who will do what to whom how and with what) and supporting the social contract (those rules of what is expected of one that were learned through socialization ). This function is also often referred to as boundary maintenance.

15. The community, being composed of many individuals , also exercises control over its constituents . This is called social control. Social control, as defined by Merriam Webster, is known as certain rules and standards in society that keep individuals bound to conventional standards as well as the use of formalized mechanisms.

16. Cesare Beccaria's On Crimes and Punishments” argues that people will avoid criminal behavior if their acts result in harsher punishment , stating that changes in punishment will act as a form of social control. Sociologist Émile Durkheim also explored social control in the work The Division of Labor in Society” and discusses the paradox of deviance, stating that social control is what makes us abide by laws in the first place.

17. 4.Social Participation The community fulfills the need for companionship. This may occur in a neighborhood, church, business, or other group.

18. Participation is a very broad concept that means different things to different people (Hussein 1995. One commonality to all definitions is the role of community in decision-making. As such participation is often referred to as community participation . During elections and you vote for a candidate, that is an example of participation. When the school calls for Brigada Eskwela and your parents heed the call, it is participation.

19. I n the context of development, community participation refers to an active process whereby beneficiaries influence the direction and execution of development projects rather than merely receive a share of project profits. Participation means the involvement of intended beneficiaries in the planning , design, implementation and subsequent maintenance of the development intervention. It means that people are mobilized, manage resources and make decisions that affect their lives.

20. 5 . Mutual Support * The community enables its members to cooperate in order to accomplish tasks too large or too urgent to be handled by a single person. Supporting a community hospital with tax dollars and donations is an example of people cooperating to accomplish the task of health care.

21. O ne of the purposes of community is to share the journey, and to motivate and encourage each other along the way. In fact, some would say that this is the primary reason for community (except for mutual support, why not live as a hermit?). Much of this is done informally, although we recognize an entire sector of the economy (the nonprofit, or third sector ) as existing for this purpose.

22. THINK AND TELL ME !

23. SOCIAL INTERACTION

24. SOCIALIZATION

25. A MOTHER WHO HOLDS THE BUDGET FOR THE HOUSEHOLD NEEDS

26. A FATHER WHO FIND RESOURCES FOR THE NEEDS OF THE FAMILY

27. A BARANGGAY CAPTAIN WHO LEADS THE COMMUNITY

28. I MPORTANCE OF UNDERSTANDING COMMUNITY DYNAMICS AND COMMUNITY PROCESSES

29. Who has the authority to make decisions ? In your homes, who makes the decisions? Apparently, your parents hold this privilege. If the home does not have a clear person of authority, its members tend to be undisciplined.

30. How about your barangay or your town? Who has the authority to make decisions? It is your town/barangay officials unarguably. They have been elected into office for this purpose and the best way you can do as a member of the community is to support and respect them because they are always looking out for programs and projects that could benefit the community.

31. 2. Who controls/ influences resources? In the house, your mother holds your father’s salary. It follows then that your mother holds and controls the money, but your father has influence. It is now clear to you “WHO CONTROLS YOUR FAMILY’S RESOURCES”.

32. How about your barangay and town? Who holds the budget? Who decides what projects are to be implemented? Knowing the right persons who are assigned to do these tasks makes you understand how and why government funds are spent.

33. 3. Who is not part of the decision-making process that ought to be? If your mother and father discuss about something, are you allowed to talk? Our culture frowns on children interfering on “adult talk”. But if you were to be asked, should you be included in the discussion? The answer is YES , because you are a part of the family.

34. In the same manner, your barangay/ town officials call for a general assembly whenever there are important matters that need to be decided upon. While ordinary members of the community may not necessarily be a part of the decision-making process, they should be considered because they are the recipients of community project outcomes.

35. 4. How to build power both within and outside the community? When your family has a problem – financial or anything – whom do you run to for assistance? Who usually helps you? These people help your family build power within.

36. Your barangay and town have the same people or agencies that they link with in order to make their programs and projects successful . These connections are called linkages . EVNHS for instance links with the Local Government Unit of Enrique Villanueva especially when we need financial assistance during competitions and events. The LGU-Enrique Villanueva connects with EVNHS in order to introduce its key programs and projects. Linkages are actually “give and take” relationships not only of people but also of agencies to make programs successful.

37. There are many factors that contribute to the success of community initiatives ; but poor process almost always leads to partial success or outright failure. The following are examples of poor processes : 1. Meetings without clear focus Have you attended a meeting where you do not understand what the main agenda is? The leader says one thing and jumps at another thing without resolving the first topic introduced. How would you feel? It feels confusing, right?

38. 2. Poorly attended meetings When the school holds a PTA meeting, the principal sees to it that the number of attended is a quorum (1/2 + 1 of the total population). Why? A poorly attended meeting is an unsuccessful meeting. If only a few members are in attendance, chances are that there will be complaints later.

39. 3. People who makes the final decisions are not involved Have you experienced a classroom meeting where the class president could not say the final word because there are classmates who overpower him or her? Definitely, this is not an ideal scenario for a meeting. You chose the class president because you think he/she could manage your class. If someone else overpowers the class president, that is not a healthy scenario.

40. 4. People are unable to find agreement Nothing is as irritating as a meeting where members do not arrive at a consensus. Everyone has an idea and is angered when his voice is not heard. Because no one wants to give in, the group does not arrive at an agreement . Many class Christmas party preparations go through this situation .

41. 5. Too many meetings without sufficient progress How would you feel if your president calls you for a meeting three times a week but always discusses the same agenda every time? Definitely, it is not favorable.

42. 6. Too few meetings to generate enough support. You plan to have a fund-raising activity in your barangay. Can one or two meetings make the activity successful? Of course not. There needs to be a series of meetings for a project to be successful.