COMMERCIAL VARIETIES AND HYBRIDS IN FRENCH BEAN

FRENCH BEAN

1.   Botanical name : Phaseolus vulgaris 2n : 22 Family : Leguminaceae Origin : Mexico and Central America DESCRIPTION OF COMMERCIAL VARIETIES AND HYBRIDS IN FRENCH BEAN

2. CLASSIFICATION 1) Habit B ush or pole beans 2) Condition for the use as food Green shell beans or snap beans or string beans or dry shell beans 3) Colour of immature pods Green pod or wax pod  

3. Giant Stringless It is an introduced, early maturing variety with bushy habit The pod is green, medium large, long, slightly curled, tender, meaty and stringless Seeds are glossy and yellowish brown This variety is highly productive in nature  

4. Contender It is an introduced bushy variety which is a high yielder It has light-green, fleshy and thick pods without fibres It matures 4 to 5 days earlier than Giant stringless and produces higher yield in the plains

5. Pusa Parvati It is a new variety developed through X-ray irradiation of an American variety, "Wax Pod" at Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi It is an early bush type with attractive round, meaty, light green pods which matures in 40-45 days It gives 12-25 q/ha more yield than the variety contender when grown in the hills

6. Kentucky Wonder It is a late introduced variety with vine growth habit The pods are green, fleshy, large, curved, round, thick and meaty which becomes stringy at the later stages The seed is light brown

7. Bayo Plants are medium, semi trailing, foliage is medium green in colour , flowers are white, seeds are thin and pods are medium to late maturity type.

8. Blue pod medium Pods are medium in number with blue flacking having white seeds

9. Brown S weedish Plants are dwarf, upright with dark green foliage Pods are medium in number and seeds are light brown in colour

10. California Cream Plants are medium in height and foliage is dark green Pods are medium in number with greenish yellow seeds

11. Michigan Robust Pods are numerous and the characteristic feature is its immunity to mosaic disease

12. Red Kidney Seeds are pink when newly harvested and dark red when old. This variety is resistant to mosaic disease

13.   Premier It is a heavy yielding bush type. Seeds are black. It comes up well in the plains of Tamil Nadu. It is adapted for late sowings.

14.   Bountiful It is also a heavy yielding bushy type It comes up well when raised during September to February in South India Clusters of beans are borne on the main stem The tender green pods are ready for harvest within a week of flowering Its yield is 4-5 tonnes per acre The pods remain tender even when left unharvested

15. Jampa It is a Mexican variety reported to be outstanding in performance in Maharashtra. The plant has a slight tillering habit It flowers in about 47 days and the first picking is obtained after two months of sowing In all, eight pickings within 40 days are obtained. The seeds are black, smooth, small and flat Resistant to wilt

16. Arka Komal IIHR Banglore 219 q/ha Pods S traight, flat and tender green Very good for transport & keeping quality good Maturity 65-70 days

17. Pant Anupama Pantnagar 89 q/ha Pods round, smooth tender First picking in 55-65 days Resistant to angular leaf spot

18. VL-Boni-1 VPKAS, Almora 115 q/ha Pods long & round, fleshy, stringless , pale green colour First picking in 45-60 days in hills Suitable for multi-cropping Can be planted in hills from March to July Suitable for polyhouse cultivation

19. Botanical name : Vicia faba 2n : 12,14 Family : Leguminaceae Origin : Europe and Asia DESCRIPTION OF COMMERCIAL VARIETIES AND HYBRIDS IN BROAD BEAN

20. Pusa Udit Pods are extra-long, flattish and light green This is a dual purpose broad bean variety The variety is suitable for packaging and transport The variety gave 88.52% higher yield than the earlier released variety Pusa Sumeet Yield is 17.63 t/ha

21. Reference Singh H.P, Mathura Raj, S. Pandey and S. Kumar. (2009). Vegetable Varieties of India. Studium Press (India) Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi. http://www.iari.res.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1253&Itemid=951 http://agritech.tnau.ac.in/horticulture/horti_Vegetables.html

22. The present study was undertaken at Vegetable Research Centre, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture andTechnology , Pantnagar , Udham Singh Nagar ( Uttarakhand ) during September- December, 2015.

23. Genetic diversity plays an important role in plant breeding because hybrids between lines of diverse origin generally display a great heterosis than those between closely related strains. Geographical diversity may not be the only factor responsible for causing genetic diversification, thus focus should be laid on selecting the parents based on genetic diversity rather on geographical diversity

24. Genotypes-57, Augmented Block Design II including five checks which were arranged in four blocks with eighteen genotypes in each block inclusive of five checks. The study was primarily focused on assessing Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and D2 analysis. The Eigen root of first principal component was accounted approximately 45.696% of total variation. The first five PC axes explained 81.72% of the variation, suggesting considerable diversity among the genotypes for all the characters. Based on cluster analysis , the results revealed maximum inter-cluster distance between cluster IV and VII followed by cluster IV and VIII, thereby paving the chance for them to be used in hybridization breeding programmes .

25. Conclusion From the above results it can be concluded that the Eigen root of first principal component was accounted approximately 45.696 % of total variation. The first five PC axes explained 81.72 % of the variation, thereby suggesting considerable diversity among the genotypes for all the characters. The results revealed maximum inter-cluster distance between cluster IV and VII followed by cluster IV and VIII, thereby paving the chance for them to be used in hybridization breeding programmes .

26. THANK YOU “NATURE HAS LOT, USE IT WISLEY”