Common bacterial diseases in broilers

Colibacillosis (Coliform infections) Problems attributed to coliform infections are often caused by strains of the Escherichia coli organism. ...
Mycoplasmosis (CRD, Air sac, Sinusitis) ...
Fowl Cholera. ...
Necrotic Enteritis. ...
Ulcerative Enteritis (Quail disease) ...
Pullorum Disease. ...
Fowl Typhoid. ...
Botulism.

1. Common Bacterial Disease in Broilers Sachith Sri Mihiraj BSc (Special), M.Agri

2. Infectious diseases of poultry External parasites Internal parasites Bacteria Protozoa Fungi Viruses

3. What is a bacterial disease??? Bacterial Disease : It’s any of a variety of illnesses caused by bacteria. Bacteria cause disease by; Secreting or excreting  toxins By producing toxins internally (which are released when the bacteria disintegrate ,or by inducing sensitivity to their antigenic properties.)  

4. Bacterial diseases Pullorum Fowl coryza Bumble foot Fowl cholera ( pasturellosis ) Fowl typhoid Fowl paratyphoid Chronic respiratory disease Avian paratuberculosis Coliform infection Clostridial infections (botulinum)

5. PULLORUM (Bacillary white diarrhea) Causal agent: Salmonella pullorum Susceptible age: young chickens (2-3 wks ) Adult chickens

6. Vertical ( transovarian ) Direct or indirect contact with infected birds Fecal matter Contaminated feed, water, litter Via eggs Hatchery contaminations Transmission :

7. Loss of appetite Depression Ruffled feathers Closed eyes Loud chirping Chalky white diarrhea Gasping /lameness Young ones gather around the light Signs and symptoms Image courtesy : Poultry fecal ; poultrysite.com

8. Treatments & prevention • Parenteral injections • Oral liquids: Amoxycillin Poteniated sulponamide Tetracylines Flouroquinolones • Maintain cage sanitation

9. Some countries have special rules for salmonella control: Specific local standards for poultry houses and equipment that must be approved Investigating contamination Compensated slaughter of contaminated flocks by the state. Certain countries are considering vaccination. The use of "competitive flora" has also been proposed to reduce the risk of contamination .

10. FOWL CHOLERA Causal agent: Pasterurella multocida Susceptible age: adult / old chickens No premonitory signs. Mortality up to 100% Infection through oral or nasal

11. Signs and symptoms Loss of appetite Diarrhea Coughing Ruffled feathers Swollen joints and wattles Nasal, ocular and oral discharge Lameness Sudden death

12. Prevention and control Vaccination – live oral vaccine (at 6 wks of age) “ CU strain” Antibiotics: T eracyclines Erythromycin Streptomycine Penicillin Good rodent control

13. FOWL CORYZA Causal agent : Haemophilus paragallinarum Acute disease of upper respiratory tract of chickens, turns into a chronic respiratory disease . Whole flock is affected within 10 days Highly contagious

14. Clinical signs Facial swelling Thick and sticky discharge from nose trills and eyes Swollen wattles Sneezing Loss of feed and water intake High mortality (50%)

15. Transmission Direct bird to bird contact By breathing airborne bacteria Consuming contaminated feed and/ or water Birds that have recovered may shed the bacteria Not transmitted via eggs

16. Treatment and control Providing antibiotics Gentamicin Penicillin Streptomycin Vaccination of chicks- Nobilis coryza Proper disinfection/ sanitation of cages Avoid mixing of unknown flocks

17. BUMBLE FOOT Causal agent : Staphylococcus bacteria Injuries to the lower surface of the foot provides entry points to the bacteria Common causes of injury : Rough perches Splinters Wire floors Poor litter or bedding quality

18. Sores between fingers Sores under the feet

19. Signs and symptoms Bumble foot develops in 3 distinct stages Stage 1: pinkish red rough areas on the top or bottom of the feet Stage 2: increased redness, sores, inflammation and infection. Chicken feels a little pain upon walking. Stage3: sores will turn black. Chicken suffers from high pain. It will avoid any movement due to pain in feet.

20. Treatments Soak foot in warm water and Epsom salts Disinfect with alcohol. If skin is open, drain pus from abscess. Flush abscess cavity with hydrogen peroxide to cleanout pus and debris. Pack the cavity with antibiotic ointment . wrap the foot with gauze and elastic bandage. Repeat daily until foot heals.

21. Prevention and control Provide good quality litter or bedding. Keep bedding clean, dry, and deep. Keep perches less than 18 inches from the floor to prevent foot damage due to impact from jumping. Remove potential sources of injury such as sharp objects and/or surfaces