Common property RIGHT by abhinav

1. Submitted by : ABHINAV
KUMAR .T
SIF
cusat

2. Common Property ResourcesCommon Property Resources
Broadly speaking, common property resources Broadly speaking, common property resources
include all such resources thatinclude all such resources that
are meant for common use of the community . CPRs are meant for common use of the community . CPRs
include all resources like community pastures andinclude all resources like community pastures and
grazing grounds, community forest and woodlots, grazing grounds, community forest and woodlots,
protected and unclassed government forests,protected and unclassed government forests,
waste land, common threshing grounds, watershed waste land, common threshing grounds, watershed
drainage, ponds and tanks, rivers, rivulets,drainage, ponds and tanks, rivers, rivulets,
water reservoirs, canals and irrigation channels.water reservoirs, canals and irrigation channels.

3. CPRCPR
common property resources are common property resources are
those to which access is both free those to which access is both free
and open to a set of and open to a set of users users or potential or potential
users. The set may be made up of users. The set may be made up of
fishermen from any country. fishermen from any country.
fishermen from any particular fishermen from any particular
country within its EEZ (FAO)country within its EEZ (FAO)

4. Common property resourcesCommon property resources
Resources accessible to and Resources accessible to and
collectively owned\held\managed by collectively owned\held\managed by
an identifiable community and on an identifiable community and on
which no individual has exclusive which no individual has exclusive
property rights are called common property rights are called common
property resources.property resources.

5. ““accessible”accessible”
legal statuslegal status
convention.convention.

6. Collectively owned/held/managed:Collectively owned/held/managed:
managed
held
owned

7. Identifiable community:Identifiable community:
This means that co-users of the This means that co-users of the
resources are a well-defined group of resources are a well-defined group of
persons. For instance, all inhabitants persons. For instance, all inhabitants
of a village form an identifiable of a village form an identifiable
community.community.

8. HouseholdHousehold
Household: A group of persons Household: A group of persons
normally living together and taking normally living together and taking
food from a common kitchen food from a common kitchen
constitute a household. The word constitute a household. The word
‘normally’ means that temporary ‘normally’ means that temporary
visitors are excluded but temporary visitors are excluded but temporary
stay-away are includedstay-away are included

9. ‘‘commons’:commons’:
These categories of CPRs refer to These categories of CPRs refer to
common property land resources common property land resources
within the boundary of the village within the boundary of the village
and were formally (i.e. by legal and were formally (i.e. by legal
sanction or official assignment) held sanction or official assignment) held
by village panchayat or community by village panchayat or community
of the village.of the village.

10. grazing land/pasture landgrazing land/pasture land
grazing and pasture land has been the grazing and pasture land has been the
most important constituents of CPR land. most important constituents of CPR land.
Many villages have land earmarked as Many villages have land earmarked as
permanent pasture land/grazing land.permanent pasture land/grazing land.

11. Village forest & woodlotVillage forest & woodlot
This item includes all land under This item includes all land under
village forest and woodlots. This also village forest and woodlots. This also
includes the area notified as forest includes the area notified as forest
within the village which may belong within the village which may belong
to the forest department, or any to the forest department, or any
other government department (like other government department (like
Revenue dept. or PWD.) but is Revenue dept. or PWD.) but is
formally under the management of formally under the management of
village panchayat or a community of village panchayat or a community of
the village.the village.

12. Threshing floorThreshing floor
They include village sites and all They include village sites and all
area of land which is earmarked for area of land which is earmarked for
common use of the villagers for common use of the villagers for
economic activities, such as (a) economic activities, such as (a)
processing of agricultural produce , processing of agricultural produce ,
(b) storing of grains, other (b) storing of grains, other
agricultural produce, firewood, etc., agricultural produce, firewood, etc.,
(c) use for other household (c) use for other household
enterprise.enterprise.

13. Government forestGovernment forest
By legal status, forests in India are By legal status, forests in India are
classified into following three categories,classified into following three categories,
Reserved forest, Reserved forest,
Protected forest,Protected forest,
Unclassified forests.Unclassified forests.

14. Reserved forest:Reserved forest:
Reserved forests are constituted under the Reserved forests are constituted under the
Indian Forest Act or other forest laws of the Indian Forest Act or other forest laws of the
States. States. The government holds absolute The government holds absolute
rights of ownership in reserved rights of ownership in reserved
forestsforests. The products of a reserved forest . The products of a reserved forest
are not to be used by the local population are not to be used by the local population
unless specifically permitted by way of unless specifically permitted by way of
grant of privilege and not as a matter of grant of privilege and not as a matter of
right. Access to these forests is generally right. Access to these forests is generally
restricted.restricted.

15. Protected forestProtected forest::
Protected forests too are constituted under Protected forests too are constituted under
the Forest Act. The locals are permitted to the Forest Act. The locals are permitted to
gather all produce except those items gather all produce except those items
which are specifically prohibited. Other which are specifically prohibited. Other
privileges to the local population are also privileges to the local population are also
permitted. The privileges commonly permitted. The privileges commonly
enjoyed by the local population include enjoyed by the local population include
collection of leaves, firewood, fodder and collection of leaves, firewood, fodder and
other minor forest produce, grazing of other minor forest produce, grazing of
cattle, etc.cattle, etc.

16. Unclassed forestsUnclassed forests
According to the classification by According to the classification by
legal status, this category includes all legal status, this category includes all
other forests. Some of these forests other forests. Some of these forests
are privately owned. are privately owned.
All village forests are included in this All village forests are included in this
category.category.

17. Common water resourcesCommon water resources
used for domestic purposes, such as used for domestic purposes, such as
drinking, bathing, washing etc.drinking, bathing, washing etc.
irrigation, feedingirrigation, feeding
washing of livestock, fishing and washing of livestock, fishing and
needs of other household needs of other household
enterprises.enterprises.

18. Fishery CPR’sFishery CPR’s
There are so many CPR’s in the There are so many CPR’s in the
fishery fishery
Field they are EEZ , sea , ground ,Field they are EEZ , sea , ground ,
Beach , Threshing floor, water Beach , Threshing floor, water
resources ,resources ,

19. Threshing floorThreshing floor
They include village sites and all They include village sites and all
area of land which is earmarked for area of land which is earmarked for
common use of the villagers for common use of the villagers for
economic activities, such as (a) economic activities, such as (a)
processing of agricultural produce , processing of agricultural produce ,
(b) storing of grains, other (b) storing of grains, other
agricultural produce, firewood, etc., agricultural produce, firewood, etc.,
(c) use for other household (c) use for other household
enterprise.enterprise.

20. significant consequences significant consequences
No individual fisherman has an No individual fisherman has an
incentive to restrain his catch in the incentive to restrain his catch in the
interest of future returns, for interest of future returns, for
anything he leaves in the sea for anything he leaves in the sea for
tomorrow will be taken by others tomorrow will be taken by others
today. Thus, fishery stocks tend to today. Thus, fishery stocks tend to
be used at, and frequently beyond, be used at, and frequently beyond,
the point of maximum sustainable the point of maximum sustainable
yield. yield.

21. economic waste economic waste
In the absence of controls on capital In the absence of controls on capital
and labour, there will tend to be too and labour, there will tend to be too
much effort spent on too few fish. Inmuch effort spent on too few fish. In
over-utilizedover-utilized fisheries, the same, or fisheries, the same, or
even larger, amounts of fish can be even larger, amounts of fish can be
taken with fewer fishermen and taken with fewer fishermen and
vessels than are actually employed. vessels than are actually employed.
This means that the same, or This means that the same, or
greater, greater, total revenuestotal revenues could be could be
produced with lower total costs. produced with lower total costs.