COMMUNICATION IN NURSING

NURSING FOUNDATION

1. COMMUNICATION Definition:- - Communication is a process of sharing information using a set of common rules. -Communication is a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs or behavior. PURPOSES:- To collect assessment data To initiate intervention To evaluate outcome of intervention To initiate change which help in promoting health To take measures for preventing legal problems associated with nursing practice To analyze factors affecting the health team

2. COMMUNICATION Definition:- It is a process by which two or more persons exchange or share ideas ,facts, feelings or impressions. Purposes: -In community communication is to educate the public or certain specific groups towards the development of attitude & behavior that are likely to promote health & welfare. The purpose of communication is classified in three headings- Information Propaganda(publicity) Entertainment

3. LEVELS Level 1- Conventional acquaintances a person communicates with strangers to have casual quaintances in the conventional level. Ex:-First encounter between the nurse and patient Level 2 – Exploratory associates Ex:-Relationship with collegues,neighbours,teaching to public etc Levels 3- Participate friends Ex:-Nurse and Doctor Levels 4- Intimacy (closest friends) Ex:-Two close friends

4. ELEMENTS According to Berlo there are 4 elements they are as followes S-Source(sender-encoder):- The person who initiates conversations or sending message. M-Message:- Message consist of verbal or nonverbal information to the receiver. C-Channel:- The medium used to convey the message R-Receiver: -Listener, observer who interprets message. MODES OF COMMUNICATION :- By which communication occurs 1-Verbal Communication 2-Nonverbal Communication

5. TYPES Formal communication :-conversation between officials on various positions.ex:nursing superintendent & staff nurse. Informal communication:- conversation between peoples on non official matter. ex:Interaction between two close friends One way communication :-It always flows in one direction there is no feedback. ex: lecturer delivered by teacher in class room. Two way communication :-In conversation feedback is present. ex: group discussion Visual communication:- Message is conveyed using symbols. ex: displayed posters or models in the exhibition Telecommunication: -Communicating in distant places with help of electromagnetic appliances. Ex: Television,radio,internet etc

6. SKILLS FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION Confidence Critical thinker Analytical Openmindness Active listener Empathetic Honest Confidentiality Knowledgeable Systematic Tactfulness

7. PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION BARRIERS OF COMMUNICATION 1- PHYSIOLOGICAL BARRIER : Difficulty in hearing Difficulty in vision Difficulty in expression

8. 4 – CULTURAL BARRIER : Level of knowledge & understanding Customs Belief Religion Language 2- PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIER : Emotional disturbance Fear Level of intelligent Ego 3- ENVIRONMENTAL BARRIER : Lack of ventilation Lack of privacy Over crowding

9. IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION Information Education Motivation Counseling Reduce stress Health promotion

10. NURSE PATIENT RELATIONSHIP Introduction:- NPR is a basic requirements of nursing practice. These relationship find encouragement when we are feeling down & comfort when we are hurting. Definition: -It is an interaction between two persons in which the nurse offers a series of purposeful activities & practice that are useful to particular patient. Types of relationships:- Social relationship Intimate relationship Therapeutic relationship

11. characteristics It is an intellectual and emotional bond between the nurse and mainly focused on the client. It respects the client as an individual. Considering family relationship and values. Maximizing the clients abilities to participating in decision making. It respects client confidentiality. It is based on the mutual trust, respect and acceptance.

12. Developing Helping Relationship The following points are important, to develop a nurse-client relationship or helping relationship. listen actively. Be honest. Be aware of cultural differences. Maintain client confidentiality. Know your rolls and your limitations.

13. Phases of Relationship

14. Patient teaching Teaching is given to enhance specific learning of patient. Patient teaching is a creative interpersonal experience, differs from other forms of teaching by its client oriented relationship. Definition : Patient teaching is a process involves teaching the patient about reducing the health risk factors, increasing clients level of wellness and taking specific protective health measures.

15. Role of nurse in patient teaching Nurse is to identify clients learning needs. Motivate the client. Involving client actively. Topic of the client teaching should match with clients need. The teaching should be simple to complex. She should provide peaceful environment while teaching. She should observe the emotional and physiological needs. The nurse should be knowledgeable and confidence

16. Purposes of patient teaching To promote health, to protect health, to maintain health, to identify relevant health care needs of the clients to provide psychological support during teaching learning process, to keep nurse knowledgeable, to raise self confidence of nurse in teaching.

17. Importance of patient teaching Providing patient teaching is an important independent function of nurse. As client has a “right to know”, “right to information”, giving information regarding clients health status is mandatory now a days. Patient teaching improves nurse client relationship. It helps in patients safe transition from one level to another It helps client to make decision about his health condition.

18. Guidelines for effective patient teaching Development and maintenance of rapport between nurse and client is important. Time for delivering teaching should be as clients convenience. Nurse should have all communication skills. Local language should be perfectly used. Use of A.V.Aids faster learning and grasp the client attention. Teaching with demonstration is effective. Repetition is necessary in teaching process. Active involvement of nurse and client is important