Community Based Disaster Management

this presentation is about community Based Disaster Management

1. COMMUNITY BASED DISASTER MANAGEMENT Dr Nahid MBBS

2. “ More effective prevention strategies would save not only tens of billions of dollars, but also save tens of thousands of lives. Funds spent on intervention and relief could be devoted to enhance development instead, which would further reduce the risk for war and disaster. INTRODUCTION Building a culture of prevention is not easy. While the costs of prevention have to be paid in the present, its benefits lie in a distant future. ”- Kofi Annan

3. To give a brief idea about community based disaster management. AIM

4. SCOPE What is a DISASTER ? What is CBDM? Why CBDM? Components of CBDM Role of social workers in disaster management Case Studies CBDM practices in Bangladesh Conclusion Recommendations

5. A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society causing widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses which exceed the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources. WHO What is a DISASTER ?

6. Distribution of affected household by disaster DISASTER HOUSEHOLD DROUGHT 645381 FLOOD 1503742 CYCLONE 929410 TORNADO 180422 STORM 377265 THUNDERSTORM 651492 RIVER EROSION 215702 LANDSLIDES 3520 HAILSTORM 518180 Bangladesh bureau of statistics

7. CBDM is an approach of building the capacity of communities to assess their vulnerability to both human induced and natural hazards and develop strategies and resources necessary to prevent and/or mitigate the impact of identified hazards as well as respond, rehabilitate, and reconstruct following its onset. COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY (CSU) What is CBDM?

8. To minimize the damages caused by disasters, various efforts have been taken by government, international communities including donor agencies. It has been observed that many of the disaster management programs have failed to be sustainable at local level after the completion of the project. Why CBMD ?

9. A critical element of sustainable disaster management is communities’ participation in these activities. The most common elements of community involvement are- partnership participation empowerment ownership by the local people Why CBMD?

10. Components of CBDM A communication model Community Preparedness Programs Developing Partnerships and Connecting with the Public Community Disaster Resilience Programs Community Disaster Response Team

11. Effective education and outreach must be based in a thorough understanding of the process that individuals go through when they make decisions about modifying their personal behav­ior. Communication Continuum Model

12. First, the locals must be aware of their risk. Second , they must understand the impacts an event may have on their family and community. Third , they must accept the idea that not following a warning message can result in injury or death . Finally , they must take action and heed the warning to evacuate . Communication Continuum Model

13. Raising awareness about the risks of disaster

14. Community preparedness can be thought of as the advance capacity of a community to respond to the consequences of an adverse event by having plans in place so that people know what to do and where to go if a warning is issued or a hazard is observed. Community Preparedness Programs

15. C omponents of a community preparedness program include: Raising public awareness and effecting behavioral change in the areas of mitigation and preparedness Deployment of stable, reliable, and effective warning systems Development of effective messaging for inducing favorable community response to mitigation, preparedness, and warning communications Community Preparedness Programs

16. Making disaster preparedness work

17.   Bangladeshi evacuees head towards shelters as Cyclone ‘ Mahasen ’ moves towards landfall in Cox's Bazar on May 15, 2013.

18. A cyclone shelter in Gabtola , Bangladesh.

19. Developing Media Partnerships

20. Media partnerships in raising awareness

21. In addition to working with the media, it is critical that the correct community partners are identified. They must represent a full demographic range of the community. One place to start thinking about how to target the right organizations is to consider the elements that make a community function on a day-to-day basis . If all of these day-to-day functions can continue after an event, the community will truly be disaster resilient . Building Broad Community Partnerships

22. Communications and Coordination A key to effective hazards management is effective communication . This is especially true for hazards like tsunamis and flash floods, since inundation arrival times may be measured in just minutes. Such a “short-fused” event requires an immediate, careful, systematic and appropriate response . Warning Reception Warning points and community Emergency Operations Cen­ters (EOC) each need multiple and redundant pathways to receive warnings and to respond quickly Processes of Community Resilience

23. Warning Dissemination Upon receipt of warnings sug­gesting a hazard is imminent, local emergency officials should communicate the threat to as much of the population as possible. Community Preparedness Public education is vital in preparing communities to respond properly to threats . An educated person is more likely to take steps to receive warnings, recognize potentially threatening events, and respond appropriately to those events. Administration No program can be successful without formal planning, proactive administration, and proper protocols. Processes of Community Resilience

24. The Community Disaster Response Team (CDRT) is designed to complement and strengthen the existing role of the District Emergency Organization (DEO) by helping to increase its capacity. The Red Cross trains and equips Community Disaster Response Teams (CDRT) in each community to enable them to carry out emergency first response when a disaster occurs. Community Disaster Response Team

25. The teams learn: Fire prevention Basic search and rescue First Aid I nitial damage assessment S helter management P sychosocial support CDRT Training

26. The main role of the CDRT is to assist with increased community resilience by: Working closely with its associated the Dept of Emergency Management ( DEM) Helping the community to prepare for and respond to disasters through public education initiatives. Developing and maintaining a strategic plan. Mobilizing residents to participate in risk reduction activities Implementing , updating and testing of plan. CDRT role and function

27. Community Disaster Response Team Red Crescent brings safe water to families displaced by flooding in Bangladesh volunteers worked with emergency services in both rescue and relief.

28. Engage in public awareness campaign about disasters . Coordinating disaster management and development activities . Community capacity building at the social, economic and environmental levels .   Enhancing community preparedness for disasters and in building social capital. Role of social workers in disaster management

29. Educating people on how to mitigate the consequences of disasters during relief, recovery and reduction preventive strategies periods . Playing a monumental role in providing psychological support e.g. counseling for disaster survivors . Tracking people down for family reunions after disasters . Communication particularly utilizing interpersonal communication for disseminating warning signals . Role of social workers in disaster management

30. Recruiting local volunteers who are familiar with the local logistics, resource and coordination plans . A contingent of trained community organizers and policy advocates is the group most capable of promoting the needs of marginalized citizens who are displaced or who have returned but are living in substandard conditions. Role of social workers in disaster management

31. Afghan Training and livelihood Initiative UNCRD Hyogo Office carried out “Afghan Training and Livelihood Initiative (ALTI)” in Afghanistan from October 2002 to June 2003. As Afghanistan is an earthquake prone country , and is located in one of the most active seismic belts of the world, seismic risk needs to be incorporated in its rehabilitation process . Case studies

32. Patanka New Life (PNY) Plan After the Gujarat earthquake of January 2001, PNY was initiated as joint initiative of diverse organizations including government, non-government, academics and international organizations for community based effective rehabilitation . The aim of the initiative was to train and empower local masons and communities with proper earthquake-safer technologies focusing on local tradition and culture. Emphasis was to ensure confidence building and long-term use of traditional technologies. Case studies

33. School Earthquake Safety Initiative The United Nations Centre for Regional Development (UNCRD) is, currently, promoting School Earthquake Safety Initiative through a project “Reducing Vulnerability of School Children to Earthquakes” jointly with UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA) in Asia-Pacific region . Case studies

34. The Government of Bangladesh under the project " Support to Comprehensive Disaster Management" took a number of initiative for community based disaster management. The program includes development of Local Disaster Action Plan (LDAP) It organizes quite good number of training and awareness campaign at local level. Total 900 numbers of LDAPS had been developed as of today . Community-Based Disaster Management Practices in Bangladesh

35. Community-Based Disaster Management Practices in Bangladesh Local Disaster Action Plan: Risk minimization is the basis of local disaster action plan. DMB responsible for designing and guiding LDAP under the project of “Support to Disaster Management." Components of plan : Union profile with hazard and vulnerability map. Formation of DMC and its responsibilities. Details of Action plan including various volunteer Groups sub-committees with specified responsibilities. List of locally available resources with particulars of owners for use during emergency situation.

36. Community-Based Disaster Management Practices in Bangladesh Disaster Management Bureau Awareness Building Capacity Building Community Mobilization Preparation of CBDM local level plans integrating local wisdom and indigenous methods

37. Local institutions should demonstrate efficient disaster preparedness and response delivery. Government should empower local institutions through National policies which could promote establishment of on-site disaster management system Young generations can take part in raising awareness and providing mechanisms of taking care of most vulnerable households by using the social networks e.g. Facebook. Recommendations

38. Recommendations Volunteers and social workers can form groups which will be available and very useful in times of disasters. Vulnerable communities and disaster victims can form their own groups for their psychological support, tracing the lost relatives , sharing of grief and assisting the most affected . Community groups can be used to initiate small scale enterprises by the victims of disasters in order to restore their economic power .  

39. Recommendations Groups can be supported to assist disaster victims in conducting funerals and assisting the orphans and vulnerable children's . Government, development partners and other stake holders can establish community enterprise funds which can be channeled through groups.

40. The environment before and after the disasters has a large impact on the ability of people to recover. The immediate coping after the disasters could be solved by various emergency efforts. We had been suffering from lots of disasters over the years. Natives know how to fight disasters from experience . It is our policy makers who are responsible for making a holistic disaster management policy so that our people can know the best possible way of preventing and fighting disasters. Conclusion

41. Any questions?

42. Thank You