COMPARATIVE SYSTEM -A REVIEW - Copy.pptx

REVIEW IN COMPARATIVE

1. CYBER CRIMES Computer crime, or cybercrime, refers to any crime that involves a computer and a network, where the computers may or may not have played an instrumental part in the commission of a crime. E-Commerce Act of 2000 , Under RA 8792 Access Device Act- RA 8484

2. THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE CATEGORIZES COMPUTER CRIME IN THREE WAYS: The computer as a target - attacking the computers of others (spreading viruses is an example). The computer as a weapon - using a computer to commit "traditional crime" that we see in the physical world (such as fraud or illegal gambling). The computer as an accessory - using a computer as a "fancy filing cabinet" to store illegal or stolen information.

3. What law is otherwise known as the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012? RA 10022 RA 10028 RA 10158 RA 10175

4. RA 10022- AN ACT AMENDING RA 8042 9MIGRANT WORKERS AND OVERSEAS FILIPINO ACT) RA 10028- EXPANDED BREASTFEEDING PROMOTION ACT OF 2009 AMENDING RA 7600 RA 10158- AN ACT DECRIMINALIZING VAGRANCY AMENDING ACT 3815 RA 10175- CYBERCRIME PREVENTION ACT OF 2012

5. Computer as a Weapon Hacking / Cracking – refers to unauthorized access into or interference in a computer system/server or information and communication system. Denial-of-Service ( DoS ) - illegal act to bring a particular system down or to malfunction a system. Web defacement - a form of malicious hacking in which a Web site is “vandalized.” Virus – a small file that attaches to emails or downloads and infects computers.

6. Famous Viruses and Worms I love You Virus – Onel De Guzman ( May 4, 2000) Filipino Science Student Internet Worm - Robert Morris The world famous worm It almost brought development of internet to a complete halt Melissa Virus - David Smith He was sentenced to 20 months of imprisonment. Ms Blaster Worm/W32 attacks the Microsoft Windows

7. Email Bombing – the massive sending of information to a target computer to be crushed. Targets can either be a personal computer or official computers. Phising - form of identity theft and committed when scammers send a mass email posing as banks, credit card companies, or popular commercial websites, asking recipients to confirm or update financial information in a hyperlink to a look like coming from the original website.

8. Cyber Stalking/ Harassment - Any intentional, substantial and unreasonable intrusion to the private life of a person that makes the person suffer mental distress through the use of the cyber space. An electronic harassment or threats by using Email or Chat room. Cyber Defamation – defamation using the internet to injure someones reputation. The public nature of newsgroups, bulletin boards and even email presents the opportunity to publish defamatory statements.

9. Credit Card Fraud - committed through copying or cloning of the cards, ATM fraud, Internet Card Fraud, PIN number stealing. Software Piracy - theft of softwares through the illegal copying of genuine programs. Retail revenue losses worldwide are increasing due to this crime as a result of end user copying, hard disk downloading, counterfeiting, illegal downloads from the internet.

10. Technical Terms ISP – Internet Service Provider IP Address – Series of numbers assigned by an Internet Service Provider To an Internet user when it connects to the internet. It is considered as the anchor of investigation of all internet crimes.

11. PORNOGRAPHY Depiction of erotic behavior intended to cause sexual excitement. The word originally signified any work of art or literature depicting the life of prostitutes. Sexually explicit pictures , writing, or other material whose primary purpose is to cause sexual arousal.

12. The unlawful use of force or violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives. (FBI, 1997)

13. The commission of crimes (rebellion, murder, kidnapping, hijacking etc.) that sow or create a condition of widespread and extraordinary fear and panic among the populace in order to coerce the government to give in to an unlawful demand. (R.A. 9372 or the H.S.A.)

14. Probably the most important goal of terrorist activity is to generate publicity on a worldwide scale.

15. TWO GENERAL TYPES OF TERRORISM Domestic terrorism International terrorism

16. DOMESTIC TERRORISM Involves persons or groups committing a terrorist act/s in their own country.

17. INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM Involves citizens or the territory of more than one country.

18. INTERPOL the world’s largest international police organization. Founded in Vienna in 1923 and reconstituted in 1946. facilitates cross-border police cooperation, and supports and assists all organizations, authorities and services whose mission is to prevent or combat international crime. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 19

19. OICP – organization internationale de police criminelle ICPO – international Criminal Police Organization

20. The current emblem of Interpol was adopted in 1950 and according to their website has the following symbolism: the globe indicates worldwide activity the olive branches represent peace the sword represents police action the scales signify justice

21. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 23 INTERPOL’S STRUCTURE

22. What constitutes the Interpol’s governance? General assembly and executive committee National central bureaus General Secretariat NCB and General Secretariat 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 24

23. (Art. 5)INTERPOL COMPRISES THE FF: General Assembly Executive Committee General Secretariat National Central Bureaus Advisers The Commission for the Control of INTERPOL’s Files *The General Assembly and the Executive Committee form the organization’s Governance. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 25

24. Decisions related to Interpol’s policy, resources, working methods, finances, activities and programs are undertaken by the National central Bureaus General Assembly General Secretariat Executive Committee 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 26

25. GENERAL ASSEMBLY supreme governing body, it meets annually and comprises delegates appointed by each member country. takes all important decisions related to policy, resources, working methods, finances, activities and programs. also elects the Organization's Executive Committee. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 27

26. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE INTERPOL’s select deliberative organ. It comprises: president, 3 vice-presidents and 9 delegates. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 28

27. Interpol’s Presidential Trivia The former Filipino President of INTERPOL in 1980 – 1984 - Jolly R. Bugarin (Philippines)

28. GENERAL SECRETARIAT Located in Lyon, France, the General Secretariat operates 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 30

29. What is the designated contact point for the General Secretariat for all INTERPOL Operations, regional offices and other member countries requiring assistance with overseas investigations and the location and apprehension of fugitives? National Central Bureau General Secretariat General Assembly Executive Committee

30. NATIONAL CENTRAL BUREAUS staffed by national law enforcement officers. designated contact point for the General Secretariat for all INTERPOL Operations, regional offices and other member countries requiring assistance with overseas investigations and the location and apprehension of fugitives. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 33

31. What National Law Enforcement Body houses the INTERPOL-NCB in the Philippines? National Bureau of Investigation Philippine National Police Philippine Center on Transnational Crime Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency The NCB is referred to as “NALECC-SCILEC” (National Law Enforcement Coordinating Committee - Sub Committee on International Law Enforcement Cooperation).

32. ADVISERS these are experts in a purely advisory capacity, who may be appointed by the Executive Committee and confirmed by the General Assembly. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 35

33. COMMISSION FOR THE CONTROL OF INTERPOL’S FILES (CCF) This is an independent body whose mandate is threefold: (1) to ensure that the processing of personal information by INTERPOL complies with the Organization's regulations, (2) to advise INTERPOL on any project, operation, set of rules or other matter involving the processing of personal information and (3) to process requests concerning the information contained in INTERPOL's files. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 36

34. INTERPOL’s Four Core Functions Secure Global Police Communications Services Operational Data Services and Databases for Police Operational Police Support Services Training and Development 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 37

35. Secure Global Police Communications Services INTERPOL subsequently designed and implemented a state of-the-art global communications system for the law enforcement community, called “I-24/7”. “I” stands for INTERPOL; 24 hours a day, 7 days a week . 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 38

36. I-24/7 network that enables investigators to access INTERPOL's range of  criminal databases.

37. Operational Data Services and Databases for Police A broad range of global databases, incorporating key information such as names of criminals and suspected individuals, fingerprints, photographs, DNA profiles, requests for wanted persons, lost and stolen travel documents, stolen vehicles, and weapons related to criminal cases. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 40

38. Main Database Stolen and Lost Travel Documents   Child sexual exploitation images Stolen Works of Art Firearms DNA Profiles Fingerprints Notices Stolen Motor Vehicles Fusion Task Force

39. Operational Police Support Services making available INTERPOL’s know-how, expertise and best practices to all authorities, services and organizations world-wide. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 42

40. Support Services also include the collection, analysis and evaluation of information which INTERPOL’s headquarters receives from its member countries. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 43

41. Response teams INCIDENT RESPONSE TEAMS (IRT) Disaster Crimes MAJOR EVENTS SUPPORT TEAMS (IMEST)

42. Training and Development help officials in INTERPOL’s 190 member countries to improve their operational effectiveness, enhance their skills and build their capacity to address the increasingly globalised and sophisticated nature of criminality today. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 45

43. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 46 INTERPOL’S CRIMINAL INTELLIGENCE ANALYSIS

44. CRIMINAL INTELLIGENCE ANALYSIS The identification of and provision of insight into the relationship between crime data and other potentially relevant data with a view to police and judicial practice. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 47

45. DIVISION OF THE C.I.A. OPERATIONAL ANALYSIS - aims to achieve a specific law enforcement outcome. - This might be arrest, seizure or forfeiture of assets or money gained from criminal activities, or the disruption of a criminal group. - It has a more immediate benefit. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 48

46. STRATEGIC ANALYSIS - intended to inform higher level decision making and the benefits are realized over the longer term. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 49

47. It is usually aimed at managers and policy-makers rather than to support senior decision-makers in setting priorities to prepare their organization to be able to deal with emerging criminal issues. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 50

48. INTERPOL’S NOTICE SYSTEM 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 51

49. THE EIGHT NOTICES 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 52 Red Notice To seek the arrest or provisional arrest of wanted persons with a view to extradition . Blue Notice To collect additional information about a person’s identity or activities in relation to a crime. Green Notice To provide warnings and criminal intelligence about persons who have committed criminal offences and are likely to repeat these crimes in other countries .

50. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 53 Yellow Notice To help locate missing persons, often minors, or to help identify persons who are unable to identify themselves . Black Notice To seek information on unidentified bodies. Orange Notice To warn police, public entities and other international organizations about potential threats from disguised weapons, parcel bombs and other dangerous materials.

51. 7/27/2017 12:22:47 PM 54 INTERPOL-United Nations Special Notice Issued for groups and individuals who are the targets of UN sanctions against Al Qaeda and the Taliban.  Purple Notice To provide information on modi operandi, procedures , objects, devices and concealment methods used by criminals.

52. OFFICIAL LANGUAGE USED BY THE INTERPOL ARABIC ENGLISH SPANIC FRENCH

53. United Nations An international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law , international security , economic development , social progress , human rights, and achievement of world peace . It was founded in 1945 after World War II to replace the League of Nations , to stop wars between countries, and to provide a platform for dialogue.

54. The United Nations Headquarters resides in international territory in New York City , with further main offices at Geneva , Nairobi , and Vienna . SIX OFFICIAL LANGUAGES Arabic 4. French Chinese 5. Russian 3. English 6. Spanish

55. LEADERS Secretary-General -Ban Ki -moon 2. Deputy Secretary-General -Jan Eliasson 3. General Assembly President - Nassir Abdulaziz Al-Nasser 4. Security Council President - Li Baodong

56. The General Assembly is the main deliberative assembly of the United Nations. Composed of all United Nations member states, the assembly meets in regular yearly sessions under a president elected from among the member states. The first session was convened on 10 January 1946 in the Westminster Central Hall in London and included representatives of 51 nations. When the General Assembly votes on important questions, a two-thirds majority of those present and voting is required

57. It is charged with maintenance of peace and security among countries. The Security Council has the power to make binding decisions that member governments have agreed to carry out. The decisions of the Council are known as United Nations Security Council resolutions. The Security Council is made up of 15 member states, consisting of 5 permanent members–China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States–and 10 non-permanent members. The ten temporary seats are held for two-year terms with member states voted in by the General Assembly on a regional basis . The presidency of the Security Council is rotated alphabetically each month.

58. The Secretariat is headed by the Secretary-General , who acts as the de facto spokesperson and leader of the UN. The current Secretary-General is Ban Ki -moon , who took over from Kofi Annan in 2007 and has been elected for a second term to conclude at the end of 2016

59. The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the primary judicial organ of the United Nations. Established in 1945 by the United Nations Charter, the Court began work in 1946 as the successor to the Permanent Court of International Justice.

60. The Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) assists the General Assembly in promoting international economic and social cooperation and development. ECOSOC has 54 members, all of which are elected by the General Assembly for a three-year term. The president is elected for a one-year term and chosen amongst the small or middle powers represented on ECOSOC. ECOSOC meets once a year in July for a four-week session.

61.  ASEAN chiefs of police

62. After 24 years, it has grown from 5 police chiefs to a solid force of the ASEAN TEN , signaling the emergence of a regional alliance that is determined to secure not only our own individual sovereignties but also the peace and progress of our community.

63. INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CHIEFS OF POLICE (IACP) The world's oldest and largest nonprofit membership organization of police executives, with over 20,000 members in over 89 different countries. IACP's leadership consists of the operating chief executives of international, federal, state and local agencies of all sizes.

64. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 69 PARTICIPATION OF PNP PERSONNEL IN U.N. PEACEKEEPING MISSION

65. PNP MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR 2009-006 “RULES AND PROCEDURES ON THE SELECTION OF THE PNP PERSONNEL FOR SECONDMENT, DETAIL TO INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS, PEACEKEEPING MISSIONS” 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 70 PNP MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR 2009-006

66. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 71 UN Special Action Team (UNSAT)

67. QUALIFICATIONS - AGE REQUIREMENT - RANK REQUIREMENT - SERVICE REQUIREMENT - PHYSICAL REQUIREMENT - SPECIAL SKILLS NEEDED - UNIT RECOMMENDATION REQUIREMENT - OTHER REQUIREMENTS 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 72

68. AGE REQUIREMENT must not be less than 25 years old or more than 53 years old upon actual deployment. RANK REQUIREMENT For Police Commissioned Officers (PCOs): - PINSP to PSUPT. For Police Non-commissioned Officers (PNCOs): - PO3 to SPO4. All applicants must have been appointed in permanent status in their respective present ranks. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 73

69. SERVICE REQUIREMENT minimum of 5 years of active police service (excluding cadetship, officer orientation/trainee course, and police basic course) PHYSICAL REQUIREMENT passed the latest Physical Fitness Test (PFT) conducted by the PNP DHRDD, as well as medical, dental, and neuropsychiatric examinations. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 74

70. SPECIAL SKILLS NEEDED Computer Literacy Requirement Driving Proficiency Requirement UNIT RECOMMENDATION REQUIREMENT must be recommended by Unit Commanders (Command Group or Directors of their respective Directorial Staff, National Support Units, or Police Regional Offices). 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 75

71. OTHER REQUIREMENTS 1. must hold a Performance Evaluation Rating (PER) with a minimum Very Satisfactory evaluation for two (2) consecutive rating semesters 2. must not have been repatriated from any previous UN mission for disciplinary reasons. 3. must not have been convicted of any administrative or criminal offense; have no pending administrative/criminal cases in any body/tribunal/court. 4. No applicant should be a witness to any administrative/criminal case, especially those covered by Republic Act 9165, or a summary hearing officer with unresolved cases. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 76

72. TERM OF DEPLOYMENT All PNP personnel who are deployed as part of the UN Peacekeeping Mission shall have one (1) year tenure, extendable to 6 months. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 77

73. What Do You Need to Know? Official Name Parent Agency (History, Nickname or Former name) Scope of Operation Organizational Structure Highest and Lowest Rank Distinct Feature/s Similarities in the PNP

74. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 79 JAPAN POLICE SYSTEM

75. NATIONAL PUBLIC SAFETY COMMISSION NATIONAL POLICE AGENCY REGIONAL POLICE BUREAUS PREFECTURAL POLICE HEADQUARTERS LOCAL AND CITY POLICE STATION LOCAL POLICE POST 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 80 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

76. To guarantee the neutrality of the police force of Japan, what was created to insulate the said force from political pressure? Koban and Chuzaisho National Public Safety Commission Commission on Anti-graft and Corruption National Police Agency

77. NATIONAL PUBLIC SAFETY COMMISSION A civilian commission which supervises the National Police Agency with respect to most aspects of police organization and administration including training, equipment, recruitment, communications and criminal statistics. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 82

78. Guarantees the neutrality of the police it has the authority to appoint or dismiss senior police officers 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 83

79. What is the title given to the head of the Japan National Police Agency? Director General Commissioner General Director Commissioner

80. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 85 THE KOBAN AND CHUZAISHO JAPANESE POLICE DISTINCTIVE FEATURES

81. THE Koban and the Chuzaisho is the large network of local police post that makes the Japanese Police distinctive. Tiny police post which constitute the heart of the Japanese police operation. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 86

82. KOBAN a police post located in urban neighborhood In large cities, a koban can be found in every few blocks. The officers in the Koban account for about 40% of the total police strength in Japan. For the most part, it function as a “community safety center” 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 87

83. CHUZAISHO The rural equivalent of the urban Koban Rural police officers are known as chuzaishan who lives with his family in a small house provided by the government that also serves as an office for conducting police business. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 88

84. The Agency which provides personal security for the Emperor, Crown Prince and other members of the Imperial Family of Japan, as well as protection of imperial properties. Samurai Ninja Imperial Guard Yakuza

85. RANKS OF JAPANESE POLICE Police officers are divided into nine ranks, namely: Keishi-sokan (Superintendent General of the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department) Keishi-kan (Superintendent Supervisor) Keishi-cho (Chief Superintendent) Keishi-sei (Senior Superintendent) 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 90

86. Keishi (Superintendent) Keibu (Police Inspector) Keibu -ho (Assistant Police Inspector) Junsa-bucho (Police Sergeant) and Junsa (Policeman) 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 91

87. The Commissioner-General of the NPA also has the status of a police officer and functionally holds the highest position in the Japanese police forces but he does not have a police rank. 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 92

88. What is the world's second, and Asia's first, police agency to operate with a modern policing system. London Metropolitan Police Hongkong Police Force Philippine National Police Japan National Police 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 93

89. The HKP is administered by what office? Ministry of public safety Security Bureau Ministry of internal affairs Ministry of public security 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 94

90. What is the title given to the head of the Hongkong Police Force? Director General Commissioner of Police Inspector General Police Director 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 95

91. Commissioner [CP] Deputy Commissioner [DCP] Senior Assistant Commissioner [SACP] Assistant Commissioner [ACP] Chief Superintendent of Police [CSP] Senior Superintendent of Police [SSP] Superintendent of Police [SP] Chief Inspector of Police [CIP] Senior Inspector of Police [SIP] Inspector of Police [IP] Probationary Inspector of Police [PI] Station Sergeant [SSGT] Sergeant [SGT] Senior Police Constable [SPC] Constable [PC] 7/27/2017 12:22 PM 96 HKP RANK STRUCTURE

92. NATIONAL PUBLIC SAFETY COMMISSION - Minister DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR & LOCAL GOVERNMENT - Secretary SECURITY BUREAU OF HONG KONG National Police Agency Philippine National Police Hong Kong Police Force Commissioner General – Superintendent General Chief PNP – Director General Commissioner of Police – Commissioner Deputy Commissioner General – Superintendent Supervisor Deputy Chief PNP for OPNS & Admin – Deputy Director General Dep. Comm OPNS & MAN – Deputy Commissioner Chief Superintendent Director Director of OPNS, Crime & Scty , Personnel & Trng , & Management Services – Senior Assistant Commissioner Senior Superintendent Chief Superintendent Assistant Commissioner Superintendent Superintendent Chief Superintendent of Police Police Inspector Chief Inspector Senior Superintendent of Police Assistant Police Inspector Senior Inspector Inspector Superintendent of Police Chief Inspector of Police Senior Inspector of Police Inspector of Police Probationary Inspector of Police Police Sergeant Senior Police Officer IV Senior Police Officer III Senior Police Officer II Senior Police Officer I Station Sergeant Sergeant Policeman Police Officer III Police Officer II Police Officer I Senior Constable Constable

93. THE Koban system is for Japan, while the Neighbourhood Police Centers is for ______. China Malaysia Singapore Cambodia

94. SINGAPORE SINGAPORE POLICE FORCE - Formerly known as the Republic of Singapore Police - Formed in 1819 under the command of Francis James Bernard

95. Singapore Police Ranks Senior police officers Commissioner of Police [CP] Deputy Commissioner of Police [DCP] Senior Assistant Commissioner [SAC] Assistant Commissioner [AC] Deputy Assistant Commissioner [DAC] Superintendent of Police [SUPT] Deputy Superintendent of Police [DSP] Assistant Superintendent of Police [ASP] Inspector of Police [INSP] Police officers Senior Station Inspector (2) of Police [SSI2] Senior Station Inspector of Police [SSI] Station Inspector of Police [SI] Senior Staff Sergeant [SSSGT] Staff Sergeant [SSGT] Sergeant [SGT] Corporal [CPL] Lance Corporal [LC]: Gurkha rank Special constable [SC]: non regulars Police Constable [PC]: obsolete regular rank 100

96. POLICING IN CHINA STATE SECURITY POLICE -Ministry of State Security PUBLIC SECURITY POLICE -Ministry of Public Security PRISON POLICE -Ministry of Justice JUDICIAL POLICE - Procuratorate

97. RECRUITMENT At least 18 years of age but not more than 25 years old. As a preferential treatment for candidates from ethnic minority groups, the regulation extends the maximum age limit to 30 Must support the constitution Must be of Good moral character Be in good health Education level no less than high school graduate Be willing to serve as a police officer No criminal records and must not have been expelled from public employment.

98. Disqualifications: Criminally punished either as adults or juveniles Suspected of crime Discharged from public employment Bad moral character

99. With family members or relatives sentenced to death or are still serving sentences With family members or relatives who have been engaged in overthrowing the Chinese gov’t.

100. Ranks General Superintendent (Government Minister) and Deputy General Superintendent ( Deputy Government Minister) Superintendent (1 st ,2 nd , 3 rd grade) Inspector (1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd grade) Sergeant (1 st , 2 nd ,3 rd grade) Officer (1 st ,2 nd grade)