Components of food (Class 6)

Topics included
• Nutrients
• Carbohydrates
• Proteins
• Vitamins
• Minerals
• Fats
• Roughage
• Fibres
• Balance Diet
• Diseases caused due to the deficiency of various nutrients

1. Components of Food Science Class 6

2. Carbohydrates These are nutrients that give us quick energy Starch Sugars Sugars release energy immediately. Starch releases energy more slowly than sugars.

3. Sources of Carbohydrates Excess carbohydrates are stored in the body as fats

4. Fats These are storage form of energy in the body Plant Fat Animal Fat These are obtained from animals. These are obtained from plants.

5. Sources of Fats Fats contain more energy than carbohydrates.

6. You need 1,800 calories per day 70 g fats (1 g having 9 calories) = 630 calories 25 g sugars (1 g having 4 calories) = 100 calories 270 g carbohydrates (1 g having 4 calories) = 1080 calories 1810 calories

7. Proteins These nutrients:- Replace old and damaged cells and Make new cells in the body. Their deficiency leads to deficiency diseases.

8. Sources of Proteins Fats contain more energy than carbohydrates.

9. Vitamins These nutrients are:- Essential for proper working of the body. Required in small quantities. There are about 20 known vitamins

10. Health Benefits of Vitamins

11. Minerals These nutrients: - Contain certain elements. Are required in small quantities. Their deficiency leads to deficiency diseases.

12. Minerals

13. Deficiency Diseases The deficiency of nutrients leads to various diseases. Reasons: - Lack of balanced diet due to poverty. Wrong food habits. Wrong cooking habits.

14. Kwashiorkor Cause: - Deficiency of Proteins Symptoms: - Stomach becomes swollen. Legs become thin Skin shows ugly patches

15. Marasmus Cause: - Deficiency of Proteins and Carbohydrates . Symptoms: - Skin becomes so thin that loose folds of skin can be seen all over the body.

16. Scurvy Cause: - Lack of vitamin C . Symptoms: - Swelling and bleeding of gums. Wounds not healing properly.

17. Rickets Cause: - Lack of vitamin D and calcium. Symptoms: - Bones become soft. Bow legs, pigeon-type chest and bending of spine