Composition- Basic design powerpoint prsentation

Basic Design theory - Composition in Architecture

1. Basic Design FIVE YEAR DEGREE COURSE IN ARCHITECTURE (B.ARCH.) 2025 PATTERN (TO BE IMPLEMENTED FROM 2025- 26) Unit 2: Composition

2. Examples : It’s similar to how a musician composes notes into music or an artist arranges shapes and colors on a canvas. Or a simple rangoli is a composition of lines and dots. In architecture, composition is about how we organize space and form to create buildings that are both functional and aesthetically pleasing . More often, it symmetrical along vertical or horizontal axis or based on circular geometry to create patterns. However we need to understand asymmetrical balance and abstraction and to explore the freedom from strict geometrical order while still achieve a certain amount of balance. Composition is the art of arranging architectural elements —such as spaces, forms, materials, and details—into a coherent, balanced, and meaningful whole . Foundation of architectural design Concerned with order, balance, and harmony Moves beyond function into aesthetics and meaning

3. Why Composition is Important? Helps create order in design Affects both aesthetics and function Provides visual balance and hierarchy   Guides how users experience space Contributes to cultural and symbolic meaning Why is Composition Important?

4. Basic Principles & Elements of Composition

5. Order in a composition can be achieved by putting objects in a certain arrangement where these all seem connected. Aligning elements allows them to create a visual connection with each other. Alignment :

6. Axial Aligned A notion of an Axis can be reinforced by defining edges along its length . Alignment : Angular Aligned

7. Aligned along a Curve Aligned around the center

8. SIDE ALIGNED CENTER ALIGNED

9. Architects and planners use various spatial strategies to place building blocks in ways that preserve terrain, optimize views, manage circulation, and ensure structural stability. Here are four tried-and-tested ways to arrange building blocks on contours.

10. An axis can be established simply by symmetrical arrangement of forms and spaces Alignment: Axial Composition: Symmetrical

11. Alignment: Axial Composition: Symmetrical Arunachalesvara Temple  or  Annamalaiyar Temple

12. An axis can be established simply by arrangement of in balance Alignment: Axial Composition: Balanced

13. Alignment: Axial Composition: Balanced Architectural plan of Central Vista, Delhi

14. Regulating lines Architectural plan and section of the Adalaj Stepwell The red dotted lines show a strong sense of symmetry. The main horizontal and vertical lines establish a central axis that runs through the entire length of the stepwell , from the entrance to the octagonal well at the deepest level.   The regulating lines align with the main walls, columns, and the central octagonal well shaft, emphasizing the precise placement of these elements. The section view (bottom drawing) shows how the regulating lines govern the vertical composition. They indicate the alignment of the various floors and the stepped platforms, highlighting the five-story structure that descends into the ground. The lines also show how the well's design maintains symmetry from the top to the lowest plane.  

15. Symmetry

16. Symmetry Burj Al Arab hotel in Dubai Salk Institute | Louis Khan

17. Radiating arms extending from the sides of the central object Giving a dynamic pattern Balanced Asymmetry

18. Balanced Asymmetry The image shows Wingspread, also known as the Herbert F. Johnson House , a historic house in Wind Point, Wisconsin, designed by the renowned architect Frank Lloyd Wright.

19. A composition is made of several objects. If all the objects are different, then the composition would become chaotic. Repetition thus is essential. Total repetition of the same object may become ‘boring’. Certain variety thus also becomes essential. Repetition strengthens a design by tying together individual elements. It helps to create association and consistency. Repetition can create rhythm a feeling of organized movement) Repetition

20. The nine squares above are placed without proximity. They are perceived as separate shapes. Repetition

21. When the squares are aligned and given close proximity, unity occurs. While they continue to be separate shapes, they are now perceived as one group. Repetition and Alignment

22. Clustered organization Repetitive spaces Repetition Sharing a common shape

23. Repetition by changing the shape yet keeping the size same Repetition by changing the size yet keeping the shape same Repetition by changing the detail characteristics of the different shapes Pattern: repetition, type, and variation

24. Repetition of indivisually unique but identical objects Pattern: repetition, type, and variation

25. Schema: Linear Alignment: Axial

26. Figure-ground composition in architecture uses black and white diagrams to show the relationship between built structures (the "figure") and open, unbuilt spaces (the "ground") within an urban environment or building design. This powerful visual tool helps designers and planners analyze and manipulate the balance of solid and void, influencing factors like urban density, public space quality, and the connectivity of a site.  Figure:  Represents the solid, built form – buildings, walls, and other constructed elements.  Ground:  Refers to the open, unbuilt space – streets, plazas, parks, and other voids.  Diagram:  A two-dimensional representation that clearly distinguishes these solid and void elements, often using solid black for the figure and white for the ground.  Figure- ground

27. Repetition Figure - ground

28. Figure- ground

29. Schema: Courtile Figure-Ground