COMPRE REVIEW FOR Master of Arts in Education

This is review in our MAEd . You can learn a lot here. I hope you read it.

1. COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW EM 215 – Management in Organizational Behavior Dr. Corazon B. Floresca Objective: To refresh, revisit and review the concepts, and relevance of Management in Organizational Behavior.

2. What is an Organization ? A social form that has four basic characteristics namely; A set of individuals in an office Individual responsibility An organizational goal A stable system of coordinative relationships or structure. “ Who is to do, what is to be done”

3. Management in organizational behavior involves applying various theories, concepts, and practices to understand and influence individual and group behavior within the organization. This includes areas such as motivation, communication, decision-making, teamwork, organizational culture, diversity management, and change management.

4. What is Organizational Behavior? Organizational behavior (OB) is the study of factors that affect how individuals and groups act in organizations and how organizations manage their environments. The study of human behavior, attitudes, and performance in organizations.

5. It studies three determinants of behavior in organizations: individuals , groups , and structure . In addition, OB applies the knowledge gained about individuals, groups, and the effect of Structure on behavior in order to make organizations work more effectively.

6. OB is concerned with the study of what people do in an organization and how their behavior affects the organization’s performance . Specifically with employment- related situations Like Jobs, work, absenteeism, employment turnover, productivity, human performance, and management.

7. Goals of OB Explanation If we are to understand a phenomenon, we must begin by trying to explain it. We can then use this understanding to determine a cause. Prediction It seeks to determine what outcomes will result from a given action. Contro l The control objective is frequently seen by manager as the most valuable contribution the OB makes toward their effectiveness on the job.

8. Value of OB: Helps people attain the competencies needed to become effective employees, team leaders/members, or managers Competency = an interrelated set of abilities, behaviors, attitudes, and knowledge needed by an individual to be effective in most professional and managerial positions

9. The Importance of Organizational Behavior 1. Organizations influence our lives powerfully Most people are born/educated in organizations Most people acquire most of their material possessions from organizations Most people die as members of organizations Many of our activities are regulated by governmental organizations Most people spend most of their lives in organizations

10. 2. The study of organizational behavior can clarify the factors that affect how managers manage Describe the complex human context of organizations Define the associated opportunities, problems, challenges, and issues Isolate important aspects of the manager’s job Offer specific perspectives on the human side of Management

11. 3. Studying OB helps managers understand : why others in the organization behave as they do personal needs, motives, behaviors, feelings and career dynamics attitudinal processes, individual differences, group dynamics , inter group dynamics, organization culture, power , and political behavior interactions with people outside of the organization

12. Organizational Behavior and the Management Process What is Management? Management is the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling an organization’s human, financial, material, and other resources to increase its effectiveness.

13. Managerial Roles Manager : Any person who supervises one or more subordinates. Role : A set of behaviors or tasks a person is expected to perform because of the position he or she holds in a group or organization.

14. Management Roles: (Henry Mintzberg ) Interpersonal Roles Figurehead,Leader,Liaison Informational Roles Monitor,Disseminator,Spokesperson Decisional Roles Entrepreneur,Disturbance handler, Resource allocator,Negotiator

15. Managerial Skills Conceptual Skills : The ability to analyze and diagnose a situation and distinguish between cause and effect. Human Skills : The ability to understand, work with, lead, and control the behavior of other people and groups. Technical Skills : Job-specific knowledge and techniques.

16. Challenges for Organizational Behavior and Management Using new information technology to enhance creativity and organizational learning. Managing human resources to increase competitive advantage. Developing organizational ethics and well-being. Managing a diverse work force. Managing the global environment.

17. Challenge 1: Using New Information Technology to Enhance Creativity and Organizational Learning Information technology : The computer systems and software that organizations use to speed the flow of information around an organization and to better link people and subunits within it. Creativity : The decision-making process that produces novel and useful ideas that lead to new or improved goods and services or to improvements in the way they are produced.

18. New Ways to Increase Performance Reengineering : A complete rethinking and redesign of business processes to increase efficiency, quality, innovation, or responsiveness to customers. Restructuring : Altering an organization’s structure (e.g., by eliminating a department) to streamline the organization’s operations and reduce costs. Outsourcing : Acquiring goods or services from sources outside the organization. Freelancers : Independent individuals who contract with an organization to perform specific services.

19. Challenge 2 Developing Organizational Ethics and Well-Being Ethics : Rules, beliefs, and values that outline the ways in which managers and workers should behave when confronted with a situation in which their actions may help or harm other people inside of or outside an organization. Well-being : The condition of being happy, healthy, and prosperous. Social responsibility : An organization’s moral responsibility toward individuals or groups outside the organization that are affected by its actions.

20. 3. Diversity Challenges Fairness and Justice Decision Making and Performance Flexibility

21. Challenges and Opportunities for OB 1.Responding to Globalization Increased foreign assignments Working with people from different cultures Coping with anticapitalism backlash Overseeing movement of jobs to countries with low-cost labor Managing people during the war on terror

22. 2.Managing workforce diversity Workforce diversity: Gender, race, national origin, age, disability, Embracing diversity Changing demographics Workforce diversity can increase creativity and innovation in organizations as well as improve decision making by providing different perspective on promble .

23. 3.Improving quality and productivity “Almost all quality improvement comes via simplification of design, manufacturing, layout, processes, and procedures.”----Tom Peters Today’s managers understand that success of any effort at improving quality and productivity must include their employees. 4.Improving people skills We’ll present relevant concepts and theories that can help you explain and predict the behavior of people at work. Learn a ways to motivate people How to be a better communicator How to create more effective teams

24. 5.Empowering people Decision making is being pushed down to the operating level, where workers are being given the freedom to make choices about schedules and procedures and to solve work-related problems. Self-management team Managers are empowering emplyees . Managers-how to give up control Emplyees -how to take responsibility for their work and make appropriate decisions Leading style, power relationships, the way work is designed, the way organizations are structured

25. 6.Stimulating innovation and change Today’s successful organizations must foster innovation and master the art of change or they’ll become candidate for extinction. An organization’s employees can be the impetus for innovation and change or they can be a majors stumbling block. The challenge for managers is to stimulate their employees’ creativity and tolerance for change. 7.Coping with “temporariness” Managing today would be more accurately described as long periods of ongoing change, interrupted occasionally by short periods of stability! The actual jobs that workers perform are in a permanent state of flux. So workers need to continually update their knowledge and skills to perform new job requirements.

26. 8.Helping employees balance work/life conflicts A number of forces have contributed to blurring the lines between employee work and personal lives. First, the creation of global organizations means their world never sleeps. Second, communication technology allows employee to do their work at home, in their car, or on the beach in Tahiti. Third, organizations are asking employees to put in longer hours. Finally, fewer families have only a single breadwinner.

27. 9.Declining employee loyalty Beginning in the mid-1980s, in response to global competition, unfriendly takeovers, leveraged buyouts , and the like, corporations began to discard traditional policies on job security, seniority and compensation. An important OB challenge will be for managers to devise ways to motivate workers who feel less committed to their employers, while maintaining their organizations’ global competitiveness.

28. 10. Improving ethical behavior Members of organizations are increasingly finding themselves facing ethical dilemmas , situations in which they are required to define right and wrong conduct. In recent years, the line differentiating right from wrong has become even more blurred. Managers and their organizations are writing and distributing codes of ethics to guide employees through ethical dilemmas.

29. Thank you and good luck to all!

30. Questions????