computer and its generation of computers.pptx

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1. Generations of computer Computer can classified in to five types according to generations i.e. time period. . First generation computer . Second generation computer . Third generation computer . Fourth generation computer . Fifth generation computer

2. Vacuum tubes First Generation of Computers E VOLUTION OF C OMPUTER S YSTEMS 1946-1959

3. 1959-1965 Vacuum tubes Transistors Second Generation of Computers 1946-1959 E VOLUTION OF C OMPUTER S YSTEMS

4. 1965-1971 1959-1965 Vacuum tubes Transistors Integrated circuits Third Generation of Computers 1946-1959 E VOLUTION OF C OMPUTER S YSTEMS

5. 1971- 1980 1965-1971 1959-1965 Vacuum tubes Transistors Integrated circuits VLSI (very-large-scale integrated) circuits Fourth Generation of Computers 1946-1959 E VOLUTION OF C OMPUTER S YSTEMS

6. 1971 - 1980 1965-1971 1959-1965 The Development of Microcomputers 1946-1959 E VOLUTION OF C OMPUTER S YSTEMS Apple IBM PC 1981 1980-present

7. First Generation computers (1946 – 1959) Major Components : Vacuum tubes First large scale vacuum tube computer (1946) ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator) was completed in 1946 by John Manchly and Presper Eckert at the Moore School of Electrical Engineering (1500 Square feet, weight 30 tons, 19,000 tubes).

8. First Generation computers (1946 – 1959) Period : 1946 – 1959 Inviter : Lee de Forest Main processing device: Vacuum tubes

9. First Generation computers (1946 – 1959) EDSAC (Electronic Delayed Storage Automatic Computer) (1949) Completed in 1949 at Cambridge University, England. First Computer to use the stored Program concept. EDVAC First American Computer to have stored program feature. EDVAC (Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer) completed in 1952. 1951 UNIVAC – I become operational at Census Bureau

10. First Generation computers (1946 – 1959) Advantages : . It was only electronic device . First device to hold memory Disadvantages : . Too bulky i.e large in size . Vacuum tubes burn frequently . They were producing heat . Maintenance problems

11. Too bulky i.e. large in size

12. Vacuum tubes burn frequently

13. Maintenance problems

14. Second Generations computers (1959-65) Period : 1959– 1965 Inviter : William Shockley Main processing device : Transistor Storage media : Magnetic disc

15. Transistor 1 2

16. Transistor board

17. Second Generations computers (1959-65) Advantages : . Size reduced considerably . The very fast . Very much reliable Disadvantages : . They over heated quickly . Maintenance problems

18. Third Generations computers (1965-71) Period : 1965 – 1971 Inviter : Jack Kilby Robert Noyce Main processing device : IC (integrated circuit) Storage media : Floppies

19. IC (integrated circuit)

20. ICs (integrated circuits)

21. IC (integrated circuit)

22. Third Generations computers (1965-71) Advantages : . ICs are very small in size . Improved performance . Production cost cheap Disadvantages : . ICs are sophisticated

23. Fourth Generations computers (1971-80) Period : 1971– 1980 Inviter : Ted Hoff Main processing device : ICs with VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) Storage media : Floppies, CDs.

24. ICs with VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration)

25. Fourth Generations computers (1971-80) Advantages : . It is a compact . Less power consumption . Production cost is cheap Disadvantages : . No artificial intelligent.

26. Fifth Generations computers (1980-present) Period : present and beyond Main processing device : ICs with parallel processing Storage media : Video disks Advantages : . Artificial intelligence . Expert system

27. . First generation computer . Second generation computer . Third generation computer . Fourth generation computer . Fifth generation computer Vacuum tubes Transistors ICs ICs with VLSI ICs with parallel processing

28. Characteristics of a computer Computer is a group of electronic devices used to process the data. The characteristics of a computer are: 4. Accuracy 5. Automation 6. Functionality 7. Tirelessness 1 . Speed 2. Reliability 3. Memory capacity