Computer Lecture 04.pptx Computer memory

Computer memory is just like the human brain. It is used to store data/information and instructions.

1. COMPUTER LECTURE 04 Engr. Maira Ashraf [email protected]

2. OUTLINE Computer System and Business Computer System Memory Units of Memory Storage Devices

3. Computer System and Business Computer System Computer System Combination of hardware, software, and peripheral devices. Includes components like CPU, memory, storage devices, input/output devices. Runs various software applications, from operating systems to user programs. Used for general computing tasks, entertainment, education, and personal use. Examples include personal computers (PCs), laptops, tablets, and servers. Business Computer System Designed to meet the needs of a business or organization. Supports specific business functions and processes like accounting. Utilizes specialized software applications for business operations. Often involves networking capabilities for data sharing and communication. Requires robust security features to protect sensitive business data. Customizable and scalable to adapt to the changing needs of the business. Examples include enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, point-of-sale (POS) systems, and customer service platforms.

4. Memory Computer memory is just like the human brain. It is used to store data/information and instructions. Memories are made up of registers. Memory refers to the location of short-term data. Memory is a vital component of a computer system, as it allows the computer to store and access data quickly and efficiently.

5. Memory Hierarchy

6. Unit Of Memory

7. Types of Computer Memory

8. Primary Memory Primary memory is volatile, meaning it loses its contents when the power is turned off It helps the computer run programs quickly because it's much faster than other types of storage. Every time you open an app or file, it's loaded into primary memory for the computer to use. Primary memory is super-fast but limited in size compared to long-term storage like hard drives. Types of Primary Memory: RAM (Random Access Memory) ROM (Read Only Memory)

9. Types of Primary Memory

10. Cache Memory

11. Cache Memory Cache memory is a type of high-speed memory located on or near the CPU (Central Processing Unit). It serves as a temporary storage space for frequently accessed data and instructions, allowing the CPU to access them quickly. If the data is not in the cache , the CPU fetches it from the main memory and also copies it into the cache for future use.

12. Secondary Memory Secondary memory, also known as secondary storage or external memory, stores data for long-term use. It retains data even when the power is turned off. Secondary memory devices offer larger storage capacities compared to primary memory but are slower to access. Examples of secondary memory devices include: Hard disk drives (HDDs) Solid-state drives (SSDs) Optical discs (CDs, DVDs, Blu-ray discs) USB flash drives

13. Types Of Secondary memory

14. Types Of Secondary memory Hard Disk Drives (HDDs): Use magnetic storage to store data on spinning disks (platters). Commonly used in computers and servers for storing operating systems, applications, and user files. Provide high capacity and relatively low cost per gigabyte. Slower access times compared to solid-state drives (SSDs). Solid-State Drives (SSDs): Use flash memory to store data electronically. Faster access times and data transfer rates compared to HDDs. Commonly used in laptops, desktops, and servers to improve performance. Generally more expensive than HDDs but offer faster performance and lower power consumption.

15. HDD And SSD

16. Types Of Secondary memory USB Flash Drives: Portable storage devices that use flash memory. Small, lightweight, and easy to carry. Used for data transfer, backup, and portable applications. Available in different capacities, from a few gigabytes to several terabytes.

17. Types Of Secondary memory Memory Cards and SD Cards: Used primarily in cameras, smartphones, tablets, and other portable devices. Provide removable storage for photos, videos, and other media. Available in various formats and capacities. Optical Discs (CDs, DVDs, Blu-ray Discs): Use optical technology to store data. Commonly used for distributing software, music, movies, and archival purposes.

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