Computer Network Topology By Team_ Paramount (Dept. English)

A network topology is the physical and logical arrangement of nodes and connections in a network. 
Nodes usually include devices such as switches, routers and software with switch and router features. Network topologies are often represented as a graph.

1. Welcome To Our presentation

2. Dhaka International University 21 April 2024 Department of English Course Name: Fundamentals of  Computer  Course No: 0611-1105 Batch: 5 4 th Semester: 1 st Computer Network Topology Created By :   Mst :  Nadia khatun Roll:48 Mohammad Atiq Roll:40   Tajrin Akter Roll:32

3. Course Teacher Name: Sumon Ahemed Saikan Title: Lecturer Department: Computer Science and Engingeering 

4.                                    Outline 

5.          Introduction A network topology is the physical and logical arrangement of nodes and connections in a network.  Nodes usually include devices such as switches, routers and software with switch and router features. Network topologies are often represented as a graph.

6.                            Topology Types

7.                        Point to Point Topology A point-to-point topology is any network that connects two hosts in a dedicated fashion. For example, if you were to configure a router in Miami, Florida, to connect and use resources on a network in Atlanta, Georgia, you would want to make sure you had a link between them that can support your needs. Sender Receiver Fig 3: P2P Topology

8. Star Topology A star topology, sometimes known as a star network, is a network topology in which each device is connected to a central hub. It is one of the most prevalent computer network configurations, and it's by far the most popular Network Topology. In this network arrangement, all devices linked to a central network device are displayed as a star. Fig 4: Star Topology

9. Star Topology Cont … Advantage: 1. Less expensive. 2. Easy to install and reconfiguration. 3. Robustness Disadvantage: 1. Failure of central hub will effect the entire network. 2. Performance is based on the single concentrator i.e. hub. 

10.   Ring Topology A ring topology is a network configuration where device connections create a closed circular data path. Each networked device is connected to two others, like points that form a circle. Together, devices in a ring topology are called a ring network . Fig 5: Ring Topology

11.      Ring Topology Cont … Advantage: The data transmission is high-speed. The possibility of collision is minimum in this type of topology. Cheap to install and expand. It is less costly than a star topology. Disadvantage: The failure of a single node in the network can cause the entire network to fail. Troubleshooting is difficult in this topology. Less secure. 

12.   Bus Topology Bus topology carries transmitted data through the cable because data reaches each node, the node checks the destination address (MAC/IP address) to determine if it matches their address. If the address does not match with the node, the node does nothing more. But if the addresses of nodes match to addresses contained within the data then they process knowledge. In the bus, communication between nodes is done through a foremost network cable. Fig 6: Bus Topology

13.    Bus Topology Cont … Advantage: 1. Coaxial or twisted pair cables are mainly used. 2. The cost of the cable is less compared to other topologies. 3. Bus topology is familiar technology as installation and troubleshooting techniques are well known. ● Disadvantage: 1. If the common cable fails, then the whole system will crash down. 2. Adding new devices to the network would slow down networks. 3. Security is very low.

14.     Tree Topology A tree topology is a sort of structure in which each node is related to the others in a hierarchy. In a topological hierarchy, there are at least three distinct levels. Sometimes it is also called hierarchical topology as in this topology, all elements are arranged like the branches of a tree. It is a lot like the star and bus topologies.  Fig 7: Tree Topology

15.     Tree Topology Cont … Advantage: It allows more devices to be attached to a single central hub thus it decreases the distance that is traveled by the signal to come to the devices. We can add new devices to the existing network. Error detection and error correction are very easy in a tree topology. Disadvantage: If the central hub gets fails the entire system fails. The cost is high because of the cabling. If new devices are added, it becomes difficult to reconfigure.

16.   Mesh Topology Mesh topology is a type of networking in which all the computers are inter-connected to each other. In Mesh Topology, the connections between devices take place randomly. The connected nodes can be computers, switches, hubs, or any other devices. In this topology setup, even if one of the connections goes down, it allows other nodes to be distributed. Fig 8: Mesh Topology

17.        Mesh Topology Cont … Advantage: Dedicated link ensure that each connection carry its own data load, eliminating the traffic problem. Mesh topology is robust. Provides privacy & security. Fault identification and isolation is easy. Disadvantage: Huge amount of cabling and I/O ports required. Installation and reconnection is difficult.

18. Discussion This is my First presentation. I've learnt many things from this presentation. I couldn't have done this presentation without the support of my team members. I feel very proud for completing our presentation.

19. https://www.javatpoint.com/what-is-mesh-topology https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-bus-topology/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/point-topology https://www.techtarget.com/searchnetworking/definition/network-topology                                  References

20. Thank you