Concept of Lesson plan

Concept of Lesson plan with various Models

1. LESSON PLANNING BHEEM PAD MAHATO FOE IUT

2. Lesson Plan Teacher’s written scheme to: prepare for, deliver and evaluate the instruction. Detailed enough to provide a clear set of directions for a person knowledgeable about the subject. Includes teaching aids needed for the class. Normally outline – not manuscript.

3. We remember: 10% of what we read 20% of what we hear 30% of what we see 50% of what we hear and see 70% of what we discuss with others 80% of what we experience personally 95% of what we teach to someone – William Glasser

4. Origin of Lesson Plan Lesson plan has its origin in Gestalt psychology. There is lot of influence of Gestalt theory of learning on human learning. A student can learn the whole concept if it is divided into units. Therefore, in the school, the whole concept is perceived as a part and the part is divided into units. Within a unit, all the activities are interrelated. These activities provide for the meaningful learning experiences, which ultimately helps in understanding the whole concept. Thus, this theory gave rise to the concept of ‘Unit Plan’.

5. The unit plan is based on following approaches. Herbart propounds the first approach. He emphasized on content and information in a unit plan. John Dewey and Kilpatrick propound the second approach. They emphasized on the experiences of learners in a unit plan.

6. Meaning and Definition of Lesson Plan Lesson plan is a written guide for trainers plans in order to achieve the intended learning outcomes. It provides specific definition and direction on learning objectives, equipment, instructional media, material requirements, and conduct of the training. Lesson plan is the detailed blueprint for presenting training by a teacher or Small Group Leader (SGL). It prevents training from becoming haphazard and provides for training standardization. It is built on the lesson outline and includes all the details required for the presentation.

7. Need and Importance of Lesson Plan Any activity if planned in advance will be successful. This is true also in the case of teaching program or classroom teaching. If a teacher plans his/her lesson well before, then he or she will be clear of certain below mentioned points: What he/she is going to teach? How he/she is going to teach? What teaching aids he/she is going to use? What question he/she is going to ask? What questions students may ask? What objectives he/she is going to achieve? How he/she is going to evaluate that he/she has achieved his/her identified objectives?

8. The lesson plan plays a significant role in planning and organizing teaching. The reasons are as follows : Forces us to think through what we want the students to learn and how we will teach it. Allows us to decide in advance what equipment, supplies, and materials we will need to assemble for the class. Provides structure for both teacher and students. Increases likelihood that learning will occur. Planning for instruction is essential. Lack of experience can often be offset with good planning.

9. The lesson plan plays a significant role in planning and organizing teaching. The reasons are as follows: Lesson plans allow the teacher to be better organized and prepared for teaching. The lesson planning provides guidance to the student-teacher during their teaching practices. With the help of lesson plan, a student teacher can become aware of the teaching objectives and can go in the direction of achieving them. The student teacher can know the structure and content of the concept to be taught by following the lesson plan. The task analysis in lesson plan can guide a student teacher to finalize the sequence of content to be presented. By linking the new knowledge with the previous knowledge of the students, the apperceptive mass of the student is encouraged or developed. The use of teaching aids techniques; strategies and tactics are pre-determined in the presentation of the content.

10. The lesson plan plays a significant role in planning and organizing teaching. The reasons are as follows: With the help of scientific lesson plans teaching activities become more related to learning structures. Lesson plan helps in maintaining the sequence of the content presentation and prevents the teacher from deviating from the topic. It helps in determining the suitable places of reinforcing and controlling the student behavior during the teaching process. Depending upon the individual students capacity to understand the teaching activities of the classroom can be organized. A good lesson plan determines the reasoning, decision-making and imaginary ability of a student teacher. The micro-lessons help in developing the specific teaching skills among the teachers.

11. The lesson plan plays a significant role in planning and organizing teaching. The reasons are as follows : A student teacher gains confidence in performing the classroom teaching activities. The lesson plan does not allow the teacher to deviate and it keeps him/her on the way. Through lesson plan, the teacher regularly achieves the teaching objectives and processes in the form of complete objectives and processes. A lesson plan develops the possibilities of adjustment in classroom situations, which makes the teaching effective. A lesson plan helps in recalling every step of curriculum unit. A lesson plan helps in planning the process of teaching on the basis of class control, motivation and individual differences.

12. Advantages of Lesson Planning Lesson planning makes the teacher confident and self-reliant. Lesson planning helps the teacher in deciding the definite objectives and in achieving the goals . Lesson planning makes classroom teaching interesting, systematic and organized . It guides the teacher in sustaining the interest of the students and in organizing some activities. It ensures appropriate usage of teaching aids in the classroom. It enables the teacher to understand and use the most relevant method of teaching the lesson. It helps the teacher in giving proper assignments to the students.

13. Principles of a Good Lesson Plan A good lesson plan should proceed from simple to complex, known to unknown, concrete to abstract, whole to part and back to the whole. It should follow the instructional objectives and specifications. The teaching aids should be generously and appropriately used. The activities should be relevant and properly selected. The lesson plan should suit the age, intelligence, aptitude and the interests of the students. The evaluation procedures should be suitable to the lesson. It should induce the power of reasoning, analysis and critical thinking among the students. It should indicate definite assignments for the students. There should be extra information about the topic and note on other available reference materials. The lesson should be planned including the time as a feature.

14. Approaches to Lesson Planning The Herbartian Approach Regional College of Education, Mysore (RCEM) Bloom’s Evaluation Approach of Lesson Planning Constructivist approach

15. Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy 2001 1956

16. Bloom’s Approach Formulating Educational Objectives Creating learning Experiences Evaluating change of behavior

17. HERBIRIAN APPROACH

18. HERBIRIAN APPROACH A German philosopher and a great educationist divided teaching units into six steps.

19. Advantages of HLP Easy and simple approach Objectives are clear Well prepared Link previous knowledge Used for any class size Deductive thinking for learning This approach can be used for any class size Help in achieving cognitive objectives of teaching

20. Demerits of HLP Emphasizes mainly on the content aspects. It confines teaching only to memory level It does not cater to the abilities and interests of students. No scope for affective and psychomotor domains. Emphasis on presentation & Teaching rather than learning.

21. Steps for the development of lesson plan Introduction Presentation Comparison Generalisation Application Recapitulation

22. Introduction Testing of previous knowledge Continuity Arousing curiosity (demonstration/chart/model etc.) Sustaining student curiosity and Receptivity Declaration of topic

23. Presentation Actual presentation Student – teacher active participant Use of teaching aids Heuristic atmosphere

24. Comparison Use example To find out similar examples Association of new ideas with daily life situation.

25. Generalisation Reflection of knowledge Generalisation Formulation Restatement of important ideas Using alternative explanation when necessary.

26. Application Use of gain knowledge in familiar and unfamiliar situation. Validity of generalizations

27. Recapitulation Checking of understanding level Evaluation Ask suitable question on the topic

28. Thanks